SAREM JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH (SAREM JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE)
Year:2017 | Volume:1 | Issue:1|Papers Count:7

Aims The normal architecture of bone marrow apparently is simple; however, there is an important feature that immature elements of bone marrow are never seen in peripheral blood of normal subjects and we can find these elements only in special conditions such as metastasis or leukemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the physical structure of bone marrow regarding fractal model and diffusion limited growth phenomenon. Materials & Methods The archived slides of bone marrow biopsies (n=31) were obtained from pathology lab of Rassoul Akram hospital and were studied by Image cytometric method using Image-Pro Plus software. In this method, total surface of cells (Sc), the surface of cell nuclei (Sn) and the number of bone marrow cells (Nn) were computed and the fractal indices were calculated by N=KrDf formula. Findings Fractal indices Sc, Sn and Nn were found as Df Sc=1. 72± 0. 16, Df Sn=1. 65± 0. 16 and Df Nn=1. 7± 0. 13. Conclusion In normal conditions, the fractal indices are about 1. 7 at two-and three-dimensional levels. This study, which was performed for the first time in Iran, shows that the structure of the bone marrow is fractal.

Aims Amniotic fluid stem cells have lower ethical limitations than embryonic stem cells for the use in research and treatment. These cells show great self-renewal potential and can differentiate into the specialized cells of all three germ layers. The amniotic fluid stem cells display minimal risks of teratomas and very low immunogenicity. For these reasons, amniotic fluid appears as a promising alternative source for stem cell therapy. The objective of this study was to isolate the stem cells from amniotic fluid and differentiate them into the osteoblastic cells. Materials & Methods An amniotic fluid sample (about 10ml) was collected from a healthy donor in Sarem women’ s hospital (Tehran, Iran). After centrifugation, the cells were cultured in a DMEM medium supplemented with 20% FBS. The cell clones were observed after two weeks and were passaged to an osteoblastic differentiation medium. Alizarin red staining and RTPCR for alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin markers were used for confirmation of cellular differentiation. Findings Stem cells were isolated from amniotic fluid. Phenotypically, these cells showed spindle-shaped morphology with a large nucleus. Following the induction of differentiation, they showed the expression of osteoblastic cells markers indicating their differentiation. The expression of those markers was confirmed by immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR. Conclusion Amniotic stem cells have the ability to differentiate into the osteoblastic cells using an osteoblastic differentiation medium.

Aims The use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) has been one of the most effective, the safest and cost-effective methods for preventing pregnancy, for a long time. However, some complications have been reported for IUDs. The complications may be reduced by using a specific technique for placement of IUD. The objective of this study was to introduce the rotating withdrawal technique for the first time, which was investigated to reduce the complications of IUD insertion. Materials & Methods This historical cohort study was conducted on 1199 females who referred to Sarem Medical Center for IUD insertion from 1984 to 1995. After primary examinations, IUD was inserted by rotating withdrawal technique. The subjects were followed up for 2 years. Findings Displacement was observed just in 20 cases (1. 67%). All of them were seen in the first month after placement. For these cases, IUD insertion was done again. After the second replacement, displacement was observed in 4 cases (0. 035%) after one month. Therefore, it was recommended to them to use another preventive method. There was no pregnancy or displacement in the other cases during 2 years. Conclusion The rotating withdrawal technique can minimize the pregnancy rate when IUD is used. In addition to the type and quality of IUD, insertion method of IUD can increase its effectiveness.

Introduction Evidence indicates that it has long been considered public health and the observance of pilgrims and the poor people near the Haram of Imam Reza, sometimes it was called “ Darulshafa” , and the founders were those good people who were trying to provide as much as possible the facilities for the welfare of sick and poor people. Conclusion In Teimori period, Goharshad Khatun founded a Darulshafa nearby the Haram at the time of establishing the Goharshad Mosque. In addition, in Safavieh period there used to be other Darulshafa which received several devotions which the most apparent one was Atighi devotion. In Afshar period, Adelshah repaired Imam Reza Darulshafa and devoted part of his property to it. In Ghajarieh period, Mirza Jafarkhan Moshiroldoleh founded a new type of Darulshafa. After the First World War, Dr. Amir Alam in his trip to Mashhad by presenting a report to Ahmadshah, took action to fundamental reforms in the organization and income of Darulshafa. He also intended to isolate the male and female section of Darulshafa completely. In 1933, Imam Reza Hospital was established by Mohammad Ali Asadi and its second head of the hospital was Professor Hammer Shelak who himself was a obstetrician. Since 1937, the Nursing School was established under the supervision of foreign nurses in this hospital until it was handed over to Iranian nurses in 1941. Now Astan Quds Razavi by having 1048 endowments is one of the biggest endowments in Islamic world.

Introduction One of the most important changes occurs in the body of a pregnant woman is postpartum milk secretion. If the baby is not fed from this milk or the milk is not drained from the mother’ s breast in any other manner, some maternal problems will be arised. There are numerous drug and non-drug interventions to suppress lactation after childbirth and relief of its symptoms in women. This review report aimed to investigate the literature involved in this field to offer a single protocol in such cases. In the search strategy, we used the keywords of suppression of lactation, Treatments for suppression of lactation, Drugs in breastfeeding, Lactation after Perinatal, Neonatal, or Infant Loss by referring to the valid scientific databases, including Sciencedirect, Pubmed, Elsevier, Cochrane, and about 26 relevant papers were received and analyzed. Conclusion Currently, the recommended methods for the cessation of lactation in women with necessary indications are not conclusive for all involved women. Identification and applying different methods to suppress lactation in mothers who have been banned to use milk for various reasons, can significantly help them to better manage suppression of lactation. Based on the relevant systematic review study, it seems that in case of low maternal milk secretion, it is better to use non-pharmacological methods to suppress lactation because of their fewer side effects; but the most effective treatments are the use of Bromocriptine and Cabergoline. But still the most common treatment for the suppression of lactation is administration of Estrasiol.

Introduction Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a member of the β-Herpes family, which produces cytomegalic inclusions in infected cells. This virus produces a syndrome similar to infectious mononucleosis. Presence of specific antibodies against Cytomegalovirus in persons ‘ serum shows that, people contact with CMV during their lifetime. The first encounter with this virus during pregnancy can cause abnormalities such as cardiomegaly, hydrocephalus, and even fetal death. Patient Information This case report concerns a 27 weeks fetus from a 27 year old mother at Sarem Hospital. According to the pathologic findings of the samples stained with H&E and PAS methods, molecular tests were performed to detect Cytomegalovirus, and after DNA extraction from paraffin blocks obtained from different tissues of the fetus using Nested-PCR with two pairs of primers (CMTR1, CMTR2, CMTR3, and CMTR4), the presence of this virus was investigated in two stages. Conclusion Regarding the healthy karyotype and the absence of genetic problems and molecular investigations, the main cause of the changes in the fetus, including cardiomegaly, hydrocephalus, and the cause of fetal death in the 27th week, is the presence of Cytomegalovirus.