Hormozgan Medical Journal
Year:2005 | Volume:9 | Issue:2|Papers Count:18

Introduction: Studying system of curing admitted people at Bandar Abbas Therapeutic Community (TC) from 2002 to 2003 and determining the effective factors in quitting. Relapse and recovery of these people are the goals of this research.Methods: The samples were 176 people who were accepted in the early days the center opened in 1381 and either completed the program or gave it up.Here three questionnaires were used including ASI, short form and a researcher made questionnaire to study some of the residents. In order to analyze the collected information, x2, t-testand analysis of variance was used.Results: Of 176 samples, 58 completed the program and left the center, 71 gave up the treatment, 9 were not approved and 23 clients were fired from the center.Among the 58 clients who left the program successfully, 39 are still clean that is 67%. The useful and effective method of treatment here left significant impacts on personal changes of the residents and the analysis of variance analyze done on zero-sixth and twelfth months of client's ASI in every filed except medical and vocational, identified positive changes.A meaningful contrast could be seen only in statutory situation (p< 0.05), comparing the two groups, the one who left the center successfully and the one who quitted. The most important element for people to apply to the center has been interested in treatment.Conclusion: TC treatment method is complicated and hard but this research demonstrates the therapeutic outcomes to be satisfactory. In order to uphold this method more for Iran and its compatibility with the cultural and original conditions of the country further investigation must be done to compare it with other methods of treatment.

Introduction: Nowadays, many patients owe their lives for dialysis. The first step is to find suitable vessels so in acute cases, a catheter to is placed in central venous system and is chronic cases an arteriovenous fistula or an artificial graft is prepared.The purpose of this study is evaluation of A-V fistula survival and variety of complications in order to prevent or at least decrease the complications, and also this helps the fistula not to be disabled.Methods: This study was a historical cohort type. Our statistical population was composed of 150 patients that referred to Shahid Rahnemoun hospital's hemodialysis center for hemodialysis and A-V fistula surgery. The sampling method used was census. To determine one-year, four-year and ten-year survival, Kaplan-Meier-Logrank test were used.Results: There isn't any significant difference between age and sex groups. Mean fistula preservation in the diabetic and poly cystic kidney, pyelonephritis, glumeronphritis patients doesn't have significant difference from others. Other results about aneurism and infection are the same. 6 cases of 110 patients have thrombosis and in 5 cases, their fistula was inactive. There is a significant difference between mean fistula preservation of these patients and the others (P<0.05).Conclusion: According to result of this study, thrombosis was the main and the most prevalent factor for A-V fistula's inactivation. Fistula infection is a complication that responds to treatment well.

Introduction: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a new immunosuppressive agenty that selectively inhibits activated lymphoctes and renal mesangial cells.Experience with MMF in solid - organ transplantation has shown the safety of this drug and its superiority over azathioprine (AZA) in the prevention of acute graft rejection. In this study, treatment improvement of lupus nephritis is investigated, using Mycophenolate Mofetil.Methods: We performed a nonrandomized clinical trial in 12 patients with various forms of lupus nephritis (two patients with class V, five patients with class Ill, four patients with class IV) were treated with oral MMF at a dose of 2gr/day and for a mean of 5.38 months range 4-6).All patients were new cases and received concomitant prednisolone. We started treatment with MMF in all new cases of lupus nephritis. Treatment outcome was monitored through assessment of systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score, renal function, proteinuria and serologic markers such as serum complement and anti dsDNA antibodies. Data were analyzed using Kruscal wallis and Willcoxon statistical tests.Results: While serum createnine remained normal (in 8 patients) or increased less than 33% (in 3 patients). Proteinuria was decreased in 9 cases and Antids DNA was negative in 5 cases. Complete improvement and nelatine improvement of the patients were 36.4% and 45.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Mycophenolate mofetil may represent a valuable alternative to traditional cytotoxic agents for treatment of nephritis. MMF appeared to be effective in controlling serologic disease activity in SLE. Adverse events such as infections may limit its use and remain a concern. MMF should be considered in the treatment of both new cases and resistant lupus nephritis. Controlled clinical trials are required to confirm these findings.

Introduction: There is considerable evidence for an interaction between opiate systems and cardiovascular regulatory area in the central nervous system. The endogenous opiate systems are known to depress the baroreflex sensitivity in morphine dependent persons. Nucleus Tractus Soloitarii (NTS) is the principal site of termination of baroreceptor afferent neurons,. We conducted this study to determine the role of electrical stimulation in Nucleus Tractus Soloitarii on baroreflex sensitivity in morphine - addicted rats.Methods: In this experimental study, male Wistar rats were addicted during a scheduled 10 day period with morphine sulphate (i.p) and anesthetized by Urethane (150mg/100gr body weight i.v) then cannulasted with PE50 tubs filled with heparin/saline (200u/ml) in femoral artery and vein for recording mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR). The electrodes were induced in NTS, according to paxinous atlas in streotaxic instruments for applying electrical lesion and stimulation. Phenylepherine was used as a vasoconstrictor to induce acute arterial pressure. Baroreflex sensitivity was evaluated (HR/MAP) before and after electrical stimulation application in NTS. The control group received saline instead of morphine.Results: The results shows that baroreflex sensitivity has been decreased in morphine addicted rats compared with control. There are no significant changes in MAP and HR after electrical stimulation application in NTS in both morphine and control groups, but MAP and HR were increased after electrical lesion in both groups. Baroreflex sensitivity increased after application of electrical lesion in control (P<0.05) and morphine receiving groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: It is suggested that application of electrical stimulation in NTS can modulate neurotransmission in central nervous system such as GAB Aergic function, therefore this modulation may prevent some abnormality in cardiovascular area in addicted rats.

Introduction: The relationship between personality characteristics and coronary artery disease was more concerned since 1950. Studies some of personality factors can be considered as a predictor for higher risk of these diseases.Methods: In this descriptive study, eysenck personality questionnaire was given to all 126 myocardial infarction or angina pectoris patients who were admitted In Bandar Abbas Shahid Mohammadi hospital in CCU and cardiology ward during a 3 months period the questionnaire was randomly given to 52 patient keepers who had no history of cardiac disease, hyperlipidemia and hypertension as a control group. The results were analyzed with EPI5 software and using Chi-Square statistical test.Results: There were significant differences in E scale (extroversion-introversion) (P<0.05) and N scale (emotional stability - neurotic) (P<0.001-P<0.025) between the two groups.Conclusion: Personality trials should be considered in the treatment process of coronary artery disease.

Introduction: Several clinical studies have confirmed the beneficial effect of plants extracts in the treatment of disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the probable effects of vitex agnus-castus (VAC) on the male reproductive physiology, and also the dopaminergic agonist (Bromocriptine) on male mice.Methods: In this experimental study, in order to evaluate, the medicinal effects of vitex agnus castus, we used the hydroalcoholic VAC. Extract injection with the following doses: 65, 165, 265, 365 and 465 mg/kg; bromocriptine as a dopamine agonist receptor (5, 10, 20 mg/kg). To study the interaction between VAC. Extract and bromocriptine, we injected the optimum doses of VAC. With bromocriptine at the same time. Intraperitoneal injections were applied in all experiments, once a day for 30 days. The control group remained intact and the sham group received vehicle. After the last injection, we collected the animal blood serums for hormonal assays. For statistical analysis, analysis of variance was used and P<0.05 was considered significant.Results: LH and testostrone showed significant decrease in bromocriptine group. VAC. Extract decreased significantly the LH and Testosterone levels. The coadministration of VAC. Extract and bromocriptine decreased LH and testosterone.Conclusion: These results suggest: Dopamine regulates the gonadotroph- Leyding cells axis. It appears that VAC. Extract effects through dopaminergic system and other pathways.

Introduction: Chemical antibacterial agents are increasingly being used in prophylactic therapeutic regimes for oral and plaque-related diseases. As the microorganism can be resistant to drugs so, there is a need for alternative antibacterial approaches.Bacteria can be sensitized to killing by light from low-power laser with chemical photosensitizing agents such as TBO. The aim of this study was to investigate the bacterial effect of Ga-As laser irradiation on oral microorganism.Methods: The microorganisms evaluated in this in vitro study were: S.mutans, Group A Beta Hemolytic streptococci, Neisseria, Bacteroides melaninogenicus.Diphteroides, Lactobacilli, Fusobacterium fusiformis, S.aureus, S.epidermis & candida albicans. The bactericidal effect was determined by the enumeration of viable bacterial colonies. Time of irradiation was 20 mibns and frequency 3000 Hz with power 5 watt. Toluidine Blue is selected as a photosentisizer.Results: Ga-As laser irradiation with energy density 1.8j/cm2 resulted in 31.3% mean reduction in CFU number of S.mutans, 30.2% in Diphtheroid, 36.7% in S.epiedermis, 19.2% in Neisseria, 37% in B.melaninogenicus, 32% in Fusobacterium and 44.9% in candida albicans.Conclusion: Ga-As low power laser can be used in preventive dentistry or in treatment of oral lesions.

Introduction: Aminoglycoside is a common antibiotic in treatment of urinary tract infection. Their dosages and interval were changed during years. The last recommendation is daily administration. In the present study, we evaluated effectiveness of every other day Gentamicin usage in treatment of urinary tract infection in experimental model.Methods: In this experimental study, 48 Sperague Dawley rats were infected by inoculation if 0.1 ml E-coli suspension 109 to left kidney. Gentamicin was administrated intraperitoneal in different dosages and interval as 10mg/kg daily, 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg every other day. Responses were evaluated after one week by colony forming units/ml and percent of sterile kidney. Chi-Square and analysis of variance statistical tests were used for data analysis and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The result showed no significant difference between responses in various groups. Colony counts and percent of sterile kidney were not different in groups. Histological changes showed no difference in scar formation between three first groups, but sever scar formation in the forth group (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Gentamicin usage with every other day interval could be effective as daily injection, without increase in scar formation. More studies on this is use is recommended.

Introduction: Vaginitis is inflammation and infection of vagina that has clinical manifestations of malodour and profuse discharges, irritation, pruritis, dyspareunia and leucorrhea. Vaginitis results from a complex micro organism such as Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida, Gardneralla vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoae, and genital mycoplasmas.The physical examination and history provides information leading to diagnosis but it is not sufficient and may lead to incorrect diagnosis, so in this study we compared laboratory methods, gram stain, wet and culture of vaginal secretions, with physical examination, symptoms and signs of patients in order to obtain useful a tool for diagnosis, management and treatment of vaginitis.Methods: This analytical study was done in Bandar Abbas from Nov.2002 to Feb.2004, on each woman referring to the health center with signs and symptoms of vaginitis a gramstain, wet ma and culture of microorganisms was, demographic. Socioeconomic data, drug use, number of baby, number of pregnancy and other data was gathered with questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done with Chi-square test and other descriptive methods.Results: In bacterial vaginalis that was 18% of agents 88.7% of discharges was white and others were gray, 64.7% were homogenous and lose and 70.5% with no odor and PH was between 5-7.In Candida which was 18% of agents, 99% of discharges were white, 58% patch discharges, and 64.2% with no odor. Conclusion: The result suggest that the most useful clinical tools for diagnosis is the microscopic evaluation of vaginal discharges and physical examination helps together information leading to diagnosis but history of patient has no relationship with etiologic agents.

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) in one of the most common infections of childhood. It distresses the child, concerns the parents, and may cause permanent kidney damage. One study in Tehran reveals that the most common cause of end stage renal disease and reflux nephropathy is chronic pyelonephritis. Therefore, we need to know about the frequency of UTI in our children. So we undertook this study to display the UTI frequency in the children of Jahrom as a sample of Iranian children.Methods: In this study cross-sectional, we choose 20 schools out of 69 schools in Jahrom. 20 children were chosen, from those schools. Two midstream samples were taken from each child and were tested for urine culture and urinalysis. After collecting the information they were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: We studied 387 children including 197 girls and 190 boys all of whom were in the first grade of primary school. 6 girls (3%) and 3 boys (1.6%) had positive culture with colony count above 105/ml. This study reveals that there is a significant correlation between significant urinary infection and the results of urinalysis (P<0.0001).Conclusion: With respect to our results, we can conclude that about 11646 boys and 20360 girls in first grade of primary schools in our country may have urinary tract infection.We suggest that every child for registration in first grade of primary school must do a urinalysis and urine culture test and after evaluation and urinary tract infection the child must refer to physician for better evaluation and management.

Introduction: Vulvovaginal condidiasis is a common problem faced by physicians in their outpatient department. The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy of topical versus systemic treatment of systematic vaginal candidiasis in outpatient setting of women who came to the Beasat gynecologic clinic in Sanandaj.Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, Forty five women with diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis were randomized into three equal groups getting intravaginal topical clotrimazole daily for 7 days (group 1), Fluconazple (150 mg) as one time dose (group 2) and Ketoconazole (200 mg) twice daily for seven days (group 3). The women were reevaluated after 1 week when they were called for follow up. Data were analyzed using Fisher and Chi-square statistical tests.Results: There was significant improvement in all three groups of treatment.Cure rate was highest in group 1 (84.6%) followed by group 3 (69.2%) and group 2 (46.7%). But the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion: All the three treatment group were found to equally effective in the management of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Single dose Fluconazole seems to be the best for its ease of use.

Introduction: Periorbital tuberculosis is rare and usually associated with involvement of other organs. Most of these patients have underlying cause.Diagnosis is difficult and depends on microbiologic and histological study. Case report: A 17 years old student referred to Shahid Mohammadi Hospital with periorbital mass since 12 weeks ago with impression of bacterial periobital abscess. Incision and drainage was done and the patient received 7 days Iv Antibiotic therapy and was discharged with relative improvement. The patient referred again with recurrence of the symptoms. Culture of drained puss in special media showed mycobacterium Tuberculosis. The patient received 6 months antituberculous therapy with improvement, No recurrence is seen in 12 months follow up.Conclusion: We must consider periorbital tuberculosis in patients with refractory periorbital infection without tuberculosis involvement of other organs.