Internal Medicine Today
Year:2019 | Volume:25 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:12

Aims: The performance of psychomotors is very important for handling the cardiac arrests. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of capnography’ s feedback during cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the psychomotor’ s performance of Rescuers. Materials & Methods: This is a semi-experimental study with the aim of pre/post evaluation of the Ghaem hospital’ s resuscitation team in Mashhad-Iran during 2014-2015. The functional data was collected via the skill resuscitation checklist. First of all, chest compression and ventilation rate were studied for normal resuscitation method and then, the method of using capnography based on its feedback taught to team members. Resuscitation team used it for 1 month in resuscitation cases. Finally, the psychomotor performance of rescuers evaluated. Findings: There was a significant difference between the mean number of chest compression and ventilation rate of rescuers before and after the intervention (p<0. 001) and the number of chest compression and ventilations were improved after using capnography feedback and get closer to the standards. Conclusion: Capnography feedback improves performance of rescuers. Therefore, it is recommended to use it in resuscitation.

Aims: Humans have biological demands for forming attachment to social partners and it seems that dependence can be inhuman and inanimate purposes such as cell phone. Therefore, the present study examined the predictors of marital satisfaction in the form of a causal model. In this regard, attachment styles were considered as exogenous variables, cell phone dependency, intermediate variables, and marital satisfaction of exogenous variables. Method & Methods: The research method was correlation of the type of path analysis. The statistical population consisted of all nurses of Ahvaz hospitals in 2018, that 240 nurses were selected by multi-stage random sampling method. The research tools were the attachment style scales; dependence on cell phone and marital satisfaction. To evaluate the proposed model, the SPSS version 23 and AMOS version 22 were used and the bootstrap method was used to determine the significance of indirect relationships. Findings: The findings indicated that secure attachment both directly (p <0. 001) and through mediating the dependence on cell phone, which was a negative predictor of marital satisfaction (p <0. 001). Also, secure attachment is a significant negative predictor of cell phone dependency (p <0. 001). In addition, insecure attachment was a positive and significant predictor for dependence on cell phone (p <0. 001), and mediates the relationship between dependence on cell phone and marital satisfaction (p <0. 001). Finally, cell phone dependency was a significant negative predictor of marital satisfaction (p <0. 001). Conclusion: In general findings showed that insecure attachment is more susceptible to using cell phones than those who have a secure attachment to fill their attachment emotional emptiness. This in turn leads to harmful effects on marital satisfaction of couples in families.

Aims: Plantago major is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of hydro – alcoholic extract of Plantago major on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Materials & Methods: 72 male Wistar rats were used in this experimental study. In treatment groups, animals received indomethacin (35 mg/kg) as single dose for induces stomach ulcer, then rats were gavaged by ranitidine (50 mg/kg) and different doses of the extract (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg) for 3 days. In preventive groups, animals were treated by ranitidine and different doses of extract for 3 days, and then indomethacin was gavaged on 4th day for stomach ulcer induction. Gastric mucosal damage and acid secretion were evaluated 6 hours later. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. Findings: Acid secretion significantly decreased in therapeutic group that received 200 mg/kg dose of the extract and in preventive groups that received different doses of the extract (p<0. 05). Also macroscopic results showed all doses of extract in preventive groups and 200 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg doses of extract in therapeutic groups significantly decreased ulcer index (p<0. 05, p<0. 01). Conclusion: Hydro – alcoholic extract of Plantago major can protect the gastric mucosa against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer, via decreasing of gastric acid secretion.

Aims: The heart resistance to ischemia decreases with aging. Exercise training by preconditioning decreases ischemia reperfusion-injury. Therefore the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training on ischemia reperfusion-injury in ageing rats. Material & methods: In this experimental study, 20 ageing male wistar rats (20 months old) were randomly distributed in control (n=10) and training groups (n=10). The training group performed high intensity interval training for 8 weeks. 48 hours after last exercise session, rats were subjected to ischemia via LAD artery ligation for 30 min followed by 90 min reperfusion. After reperfusion, stress oxidative indices and infarction size were measured. To evaluate the difference between groups, independent t-test was used with significant level of p ≤ 0. 05. Findings: GPX, Catalase and MDA were not different between two groups, but GSH was more in training rats compared with control groups (p=0. 05). Infarction size in response to training decreased by 7% compared with control rats (p=0. 001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that 8 weeks of high intensity interval training probably decrease ischemia reperfusion injury by antioxidant capacity promotion.

Aims: Maintaining a satisfying heterosexual relationship is important to many individuals’ happiness and physical health. so the objective of present study is to examine the effectiveness of attachment style on marital commitment and sexual beliefs based on mediating role of sexual dysfunction in married female students of Ahvaz city. Materials & Methods: Participants in this study were in total 183 married female students of Ahvaz city, which were selected using available purposive sampling. The instruments used in this study were Behavioral Style Questionnaire (BSQ), Marital Commitment Questionnaire (MCQ), Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire and Female Sexual Function Index and Female Sexual Function Index. Research design is correlation based on path analysis. Evaluation of the proposed model was carried out using path analysis method. In order to test indirect relationships, boot-strap method was used. Findings: The results showed that 6 direct paths became significant. Also, all the indirect effects of copying styles (secure and insecure) and marital commitment and sexual beliefs with mediation of sexual dysfunction became significant. In this study, significance level was α =0. 05. Conclusion: Attachment style is related to marital commitment and sexual beliefs and women, s sexual dysfunction makes it worse. Those who have insecure style, unwillingly, their sexual problems will appear very soon. And these problems ruin couple, s sexual beliefs and increases the possibility of infidelity.

Aims: Health literacy is one of the most important variables in maintaining and improving the health of all, especially among elderly people. In addition the Health Locus of Control (HLC) theory, is considered as one of the tools which used in planning health education programs. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of education based on the Health Locus of Control (HLC) theory on health literacy among elderly persons. Materials & Methods: A parallel, randomized field trial study conducted among seniors 60 to 75 years, residents in Bardaskan in 2017. Using balanced block randomization, the participants were randomly allocated into intervention and control group. The required data were gathered by adult health literacy and HLC questionnaires. The data were entered in SPSS 21 software and were analyzed using and T-test (independent, paired). Findings: We used data from 91 completed questionnaires (intervention group= 46, control group = 45) to perform the analysis. Before intervention, the mean and standard deviation of health literacy in experimental and control group were 52. 60 (11. 95) and 48. 07 (12. 54), respectively (P= 0. 080). These amounts were 77. 68 (7. 60) in intervention group and 51. 18 (13. 99) in control group after the intervention (p<0. 001). Conclusion: The results indicated that educational intervention based on the theory of health locus of control could affect the health literacy of elderly. By recognizing health control beliefs of elderly people, it seems that appropriate educational programs can be developed to educate and develop health literacy of this group.

Aims: One of the strategies for coping with oxidative stress and, subsequently, prevention complication of aging is the use of antioxidant supplements and exercise training. Therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate concurrent training and supplementation of L-arginine on stress oxidative and lipid profile in elderly men. Materials & Methods: In this quasi experimental study, 44 older volunteering men (mean age: 67. 77± 4. 61), were selected by simple convenience sampling from Isfahan city in 2017 and by using NCSS PASS 11 software, they were randomly divided into four equal-sized groups (each n=11): Concurrent Training +Supplement (ES) group; Concurrent Training +Placebo (EP) group; Supplement (S) group and Control (C) group. The ES and EP groups performed the exercise protocol with eight weeks of concurrent training, three sessions per week. Group ES and group S consumed 1000 mg of L-Arginine every morning and one hour before the exercise. Maltodextrin were used as placebo. Biochemical samples were assayed by ELISA method and multivariate longitudinal model were used for analysis of data in the level of significance p<0. 05. Findings: Results showed that, joint effect of training and supplementation was more than the effect of the exercise or supplement alone on variable of stress oxidative 8-OhdG (β =-5. 16, p<0. 001), TAC (β =-2. 30, p<0. 001), and MDA (β =3. 50, p<0. 001) and variables lipid profile LDL (β =-20. 82, p<0. 001), VLDL (β =-4. 73, p<0. 001), HDL (β =-3. 81, p<0. 022), TC (β =-21. 15, p<0. 001), TG (β =-24. 74, p<0. 001). Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that the simultaneous use of concurrent training and supplementation of L-Arginine improves the system antioxidant and lipid profile in the elderly men.

Introduction: Marital adjustment is one of the most important factors affecting the family survival. So identification of related factors is very important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating role of social support in the relationships between work-family conflict and marital adjustment of married female nurses. Materials &methods: In this descriptive– correlation study, the population was all married female nurses employed by teaching hospitals in Bojnord (n: 340). 200 nurse were selected using stratified sampling. nurse were measured by using marital adjustment, work-family conflict and social support questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis by SPSS-22 software Results: Findings indicate that correlation coefficients between work family conflict (r =-0. 228), family work conflict (r =-0. 441) and social support (r = 0. 554) with marital adjustment were significant (P <0. 001). Also, the interaction of work family conflict and social support, beyond the effects of the main variables, created 1. 1% of the increased variance (Δ R2=0. 011, Δ F= 3. 58, p< 0. 05) and the interaction of family work conflict and social support, beyond the effects of the main variables, created 1. 8% of the increased variance (Δ R2=0. 018, Δ F= 5. 95, p< 0. 015) for the model. Conclusion: The results showed the importance social support as the moderator the relationship between work-family conflicts and marital adjustment among the female nurses. Therefore, is recommended to healthcare provider service organizations that by providing the supportive programs reduce the impact of work-family conflict on marital adjustment of their married employees.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of concurrent training on serum leptin levels, body composition, and lipid profiles of inactive men with overweight. Materials & Methods: Thirty young men with an average age of 19 to 25 years old and an average body mass index of 25 to 28 kg / m2 were randomly divided into three groups: Concurrent, intermittent aerobics-sauna, continuous aerobic-sauna and exercise strengthsauna (each group was 10). The subjects performed 3 sessions of aerobic and strength training per week on individual days, and then 2 sessions per week, supplementing the sauna program on twenty days for 20-30 minutes in a dry bath with a temperature of 80 degrees Celsius. Blood samples were taken from subjects in fasting mode in two stages, 72 hours before and after 8 weeks of training. Serum lipid profiles, leptin and body composition were evaluated by ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test Findings: The results showed a significant decrease after exercise aerobic exercise, continuous aerobic exercise and baseline strength training, serum levels of leptin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein a and body fat percent (p≤ 0. 05). And high density lipoprotein cholesterol (p <0. 05). These changes were more frequent in the aerobic exercise group, continuity and strength, but this difference was not significant between the groups (p≤ 0. 05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that continuous aerobic exercise, continuation and strength training simultaneously with the sauna had a favorable effect on lipid profile and body composition and serum leptin concentrations. These changes were more common in the aerobic training group.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate Behavioral activation and inhibition systems effects on and inhibition systems on body appreciation according to mediating role of obsessive beliefs in students. Materials & Methods: For this purpose, 358 students were selected by Multi-stage cluster random sampling, then the brain-behavioral systems, body pleasure and obsessive beliefs questionnaire were distributed among research participants to respond. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and correlation indicators, path analysis and independent t-test and SPSS-22 and Lisrel software were used in order to test of the research hypothesis. Results: Results indicated that a significant positive correlation between behavioral activation system with most components of obsessive beliefs and body appreciation (P<0. 05). Also a significant negative correlation was obtained between behavioral inhibition system with most components of obsessive beliefs and body appreciation (P<0. 05). Some of obsession beliefs was associated with body appreciation (P<0. 05). Also path analysis indicated that mediating role of some of obsession beliefs in association between brain-behavioral systems and body appreciation. Examination the role of gender differences showed that women had higher scores in most variables. Conclusion: It seems that obsessive-compulsive beliefs play an important role in the psychological vulnerability in comparison to reinforcement sensitivity.