URBAN MANAGEMENT
Year:2011 | Volume:8 | Issue:26|Papers Count:20

Rehabilitation of Cultural Landscape, coherent and orderly process towards restoring and preserving cultural and natural identity of historical collections through the continuation and recognition, rise the perception and knowledge of a land values. Analytical study, recorded data, valuation and ultimately conservation and management, form a process of the monument rehabilitation. Current approaches such as: service restoration and protection of heritage and national parks also have been leading such a process. Historical landscape from the past of each country, emblem and symbol of civilization and rich cultural identity of the ancestor that verily gives the sort of meaning to the life of its people and causes to provides pride and dignity. Because of it, every effort in order to represent and protect it, originally help to the survival of ancient culture and traditions of a land. The purpose of this study, the study of ancient history and identity rehabilitation of Takht-e-Soleyman Cultural Landscape -through implementing the principles and approaches of the preserving and recreating the Heritage services and Parks management program- consist of physical content, including: paths, gardens, landscapes and watermill, and the oral literature, such as: stories, legends, songs and indigenous beliefs with regard to potential and current limitations, it is. Toward achieving this aim, providing the tourist and researchers required facilities, interested and anticipated future needs of its clients in the neighborhood can be a step in the protection of cultural and natural effect that forms the past part of every Iranian life. Research in the field of literary theory and historical background of this research and analytical - descriptive and analytical field studies in the field with a data gathering tool through local observations and completed a questionnaire and field observations (interviews, supplying photos) Methods and data analysis to achieve information, qualitative analysis - is descriptive. Research results, access to legal process through the restoration and rehabilitation of cultural landscape with emphasis on historical a natural identity of sites which have been integrity merged.

One of the important results of Islamic republic of Iran revolution was forming of councils in city and village. Today's councils have important roles in metropolitan management, so that it is one of the important characteristic of decentralization of governments that they can delicate the political and administration power to state, city and village level. The purpose of this research is to review the East-Azerbaijan people's opinion towards city councils and evaluation of their performance. This research has been fulfilled by measurement method. The statistical subjects for this study consist of individuals over 18 years old in the province cities selected by using the Kokran formula for estimating the template volume. The results of descriptive analysis showed the weak performances of councils to select a capable manager to administer the city, made by 74.2% of the subjects.Also, 71.3% of the subjects have recognized the weak performances of the councils in recognition of shortages, cooperating with executive responsible for the organs, insufficiencies as well as many poor municipal facilities. The subjects also recognized the councils to conduct defenseless while supervising over the appropriate performance of the council's approvals, public contribution in social, economic, constructional, cultural, educational and other welfare affairs, establishment of associations; social rescue, cultural, guidance bodies as well as launching cooperatives for production, distribution, and consumption purposes, application of rules and regulations, supervising on excavation and constructing canals for metropolitan facilities, construction of passages, streets and squares, green areas and public facilities, enactment of regulations concerning the establishment and administering the official fruit and vegetable supply centers. The result of the statistical analysis in this research shows the same evaluation made by subjects of different levels of education, revenue and age concerning the Islamic councils' performances. Meantime, the review and assumptions cleared the fact that there is a meaningful relationship on the consciousness and awareness of councils' performance.Also, the citizens deemed the councils necessary for metropolitan management and surveillance on municipal performance.

Waste management is a multi-disciplinarily process.Internal and external factors including challenges, limiting factors and opportunities should be evaluated to attain an acceptable strategy for waste management. Required data in this research were obtained through filling questioners, interviewing managers and experts in the municipality of Sari, field visit and review of available reports and documents. In this research, 14 important internal factors including 6 strengths and 8 weaknesses for waste management system of Sari were identified. Then Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) Matrix was created. Also, 14 important external factors including 6 opportunities and 8 threats were identified and selected for creating External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix.Based on the results obtained, the final score of the organization in IFE Matrix is equal to 2.53 indicating a fair situation with respect to the internal factors. The final score of EFE Matrix is equal to 2.45 indicating a relatively weak situation with respect to the external factors. Furthermore, SWOT and QSPM were used to develop optimal strategies of waste management system and completing quantitative strategic planning Matrix in city of Sari, respectively.The internal and external factors located in SWOT matrix and results from internal and external evaluation matrix were compared pair-wise and four strategies of SO, WO, ST and WT were determined.Totally, 15 strategies were introduced for the optimal waste management system in city of Sari. In the last phase, QSPM matrix was created from the results of IFE and EFE matrix and SWOT to determine attraction and priorities of selected strategies. The results show that the following superior strategies can be identified for waste management of city of Sari to attain sustainable development with respect to social, economical and environmental development: (1) Rapid development of source separation and programs in order to supply row materials for recycling industries, (2) Development of recycling industries within the City, (3) Creating competitive situation among the existing recycling industries and consequently increase the quality and quantity of separated materials.

In public organizations like municipalities, devising and establishing a performance appraisal system, may lead to a right route for managers, in order to catch the goals, efficiency, effectiveness activities and desirable respondence to citizens. The present article will examine the ranges of individual's satisfaction of Ghayen's municipality's activities in tree section of urban services, urban development and control in the period of the years 2005/1348 till 1388/2009. The research method of the article would be survey and documentary-based.The sampling method is Probability Proportionate to Size. The results of findings show the highest satisfaction of Ghayen municipality belong to urban services and urban development and the lowest satisfaction level belong to supervision performance of municipality. The analysis models of research show that the most impressive factor on satisfaction is problems in neighbors with the Standardized Coefficients of -0.65. The Information section as second variable has positive and meaningful effect to satisfaction with Standardized Coefficients of 0.27. There are two other variables including the election of mayor by the Islamic council of the city and the employees' performance of municipality.

In the perspective of christen Schultz, phenomenology of architecture and urban studies has concept like an environmental phenomenology.In the other hand, phenomenology has the ability to achieving sense of place, spirit of place and meaning of place. So, in this article, the meaning of place and subjective imagination will be shown. The research method is descriptive and analytical approach that uses data collection: documental study and library method.The result of research shows, in the perspective of christen Schultz, place is a space that humankind to be informed about themselves with consideration of typology and morphology of place.

This study evaluated the present status of education system, municipal staff Karaj and the effectiveness of administrators and students over the years 1387 to 1382 in-service short-term classes have participated, took place. Descriptive research methods and data gathering methods as well as library research and field studies using the questionnaire and investigate documents Karaj Municipality Education Unit has been gathered. The training course for 75 years, 3989 persons from 3927 hours of Karaj Municipality has held the highest average hours spent per person for 86 years, equal to about 74 hours and then 87 years equals 57 hours. Model results based on four levels, "Kirk Patrick", showed that the effectiveness of training courses attended by municipal administrators and students of Karaj in response levels, behaviour and results, desirable and in the learning level is moderate.

Due to their effects on society, decision about urban open spaces, is one of the important solicitude for urban planners and designers. Several model used for value estimation of urban public spaces, such as CE, TC, CVM and HPM. Because of its premium, HPM model used for economic value estimation of urban open space, in this study; Velenjak valley-river residential place valuate as the case study. View determined as of the important peripheral parameter for open space value assessment. By using 9 effective parameters and data from 94 transaction, a model based on HPM (R2=92%) represented for housing value estimation. Result showed that, view to open space has the considerable positive effect on the value of environs housing unit; that it is the second important parameter (impact factor=21%) on housing units after building area. Positive impact factor for structure direction (southerner), number of bedrooms, floor, having balcony and pool respectively is 4.6%, 1.4%, 0.85%, 7.3% and 3.5%. Number of housing units in the floor and structure life by 0.2% and 1.2% impact factor have negative effect and reduce the housing value. Developed model in this study is capable to popularization on the same region, in order to qualitative value estimation of open spaces.

Nowadays by the increase of the population, most of the large cities suffer from the lack of public parking spaces. Public parking spaces as one of the important parts of a modern urban transportation system, plays an important role in decreasing the load of heavy traffic. Suitable site selection for public parking spaces not only increases the parking efficiency, but it also decreases marginal car parking and so results in increase of streets' width and traffic fluency.At the moment in most of the cities, public parking site selection is done by traditional methods or just visiting of the site. In this traditional method, considering all of the effective parameters in site selection is almost impossible and site selection is done by just considering some limited factors like land price. Therefore, income cases this causes the selected site for parking to fall in area so far from tourist absorbing centers, or far from crowded streets, and finally the heavy traffic in city. Geographic Information System (GIS), as a science of analysis of spatial and attribute data, is an efficient tool to find optimum place for public parking.In this field of studies use of GIS results in decrease of field visit and increase of accuracy and reliability of results. In this paper, we introduce an optimum method for parking site selection by the use of GIS and considering almost all of the effective parameters simultaneously. In this article, effective factors are considered from two main points of view including parking efficiency and the problem of providing required land for parking especially in cities central regions.Then, conceptual model of parking site selection is presented.Suitable place for parking is also selected for one of the high traffic regions of Tehran city in Iran. Different methods for information and layer integration are used and finally these methods are compared and the most suitable one is proposed.

Sense of place is the factor, which causes space to become a place of sensory and behavioral characteristics specific to particular individuals. Place attachment in terms of cultural, reflecting the main components of social life is cultural. Despite large-scale variation may be places that people feel they belong to have more than most studies done in this area is related to the scale of neighboring units. Study the roles of different scales in scale space of sense to consider place gives. The results indicate that this is in the south of Tehran in the neighborhood with a history, sense of history was positive in the neighborhood, and the first priority in neighborhoods that have a positive public image of a sense of belonging to the city of Tehran is the first priority. Priority areas in central Tehran with a sense of belonging to the neighborhood level and scale of the city and neighboring units than are other scales. In northern region of city, in neighborhoods with a history of good name and preferred place to belong in the neighborhood and the next priority urban area (north) is Factors contributing to the sense of belonging more to later mental image of events and activities and the location means are included. Reputation and experience in areas with lower priority area in the neighborhood the next rank and structural factors in creating more space sense of place is effective.

Using Social capital as a theoretical perspective and paradigm for sociological research is not a new idea. For at least fifty years scholars have recognized the role of social capital and it's structural, relational and cognitive components in individual and social development.The present article has been prepared based on some part of the information obtained from the sociological study of the role of social capital in the urban and community development of Mahalat. Research is carried out by a survey method through a questionnaire which was conducted on 384 residents of Mahalat at the age of 16 and above as a statistical sample, using random sampling technique. Based on the empirical evidence and research findings it was observed that social capital and some of its components, including social trust, social participation and degree of religiosity is significantly associated with urban and community development of Mahalat.Nevertheless, the findings did not support the hypothesis that these are a significant association between social integration and communal cohesion as one of the components of social capital and urban development of Mahalat.

The 21st century witnesses the growth of interdependence and convergence in the world. These changes based on viewpoint of many thinkers, leads to the convergence of cultures.At the same time can stabilize ethnic differences and to Lead to national & religious& racial and ethnic aspirations. One of the outcomes of this growth is programming for leisure time.Hence, the largest production and consumption of the 21st century is known center of production and consumption of leisure time. So Tourism industry can play an important role to fill leisure time, so today this industry is one of the largest sources of national income and also one of the influential factors in cultural interaction among countries. The aim of this study is to survey effects of ethnic tourism development on social and cultural issues. Current Study is a descriptive study and its Statistical Society includes all the ethnic tourism development stockholders of Tourism Target Villages in Kermanshah Province. According to the results of research, all sub-hypotheses and main hypothesis at the confidence level of 95% have been approved. Therefore we can say that from the viewpoint of interest groups, ethnic tourism development influence on the social-cultural dimensions. Binomial test and statistic Indices to ranking items related to Social-Cultural Issues of ethnic tourism development Show that Issues related to the four Social-Cultural dimensions, doesn' t shows equivalent importance.From the viewpoint of Interest groups of ethnic tourism development, dimension of cultural norms is in the first priority and respectively Issues of social dimension, the cultural protection and ethnic Authenticity dimensions are the next priorities.

Human as e person that can effect on nature in economic and social order has two important role: first, management with thoughtful brain, second, the workers and employees on base of thought. So the progress of many countries like some of west countries beside of their use from the industrial and financial abilities of developed countries and also beside their social circumstance is on base of this two role. For this aim with using the human's cooperation and partnership in rural districts, we can achieve two levels of concrete development but by training the thought of active people in cooperation on daily affair rural districts. Human is old careers can excel on nature and natural events and cooperate with each others. In next careers with extending this power and cooperation in special forms and around the special goal, these societies could by necessary functions solve the people's problems, especially in rural societies for doing the affair, so these groups become constitutional. the method of research in this easy is descriptive analytic and the way of compiling information is in library manner and method of analysis of data is in qualitative form so the results show the cooperation as a goal that can cause the constant development in village.

In study of cite-lactation and the security and passive defense planning of city, natural position, distribution of land use, the location and establishment of infrastructure facilities and urban facilities, security considerations (camouflage, concealment, dispersion, and fortifications), etc, are examined, threats of these factors and costs when the city reduces the crisis much more favorable for life and creates citizens. Amongst the city threatens to natural causes (flood, earthquake, tornado, storm, lightning), and human factors (the enemy attacks, domestic and street riots), social factors, economic (sanctions and boycotts), political and cultural and many other factors can be cited. The purpose of this study, has been passive defense consultative and how the use of specific criteria in order to enhance the safety of this approach to cities; the necessity of understanding use of the national and regional strategies of passive defense in the city saqez. Methods of research in this paper were descriptive and analytical, understanding for the evaluation of the passive defense of the questionnaire distribute and collected between the 25-person sample of governmental expert, agencies organization - public and private sector, then to analyze the geographic location and environmental conditions of saqez, study finding show that the experts are aware the issue and its executive strategies in face of crisis, the authors, finely some administrative guidelines for safety of saqez have presented.

tourism is an enhancing industry in the world that grows GNP & GDP and to be made available sustainable livelihood. So, in this category should be considered the limitation confirm to ability and threats to opportunities.The goal of research is the surveying the impacts of tourism in rural region with attention to sustainable development in this district. The research method is descriptive and analytical approach. The results of research show the corporation between the elements of tourism industry and physical infrastructure is necessary. In the end of article, indicate the policy and strategy to improvement tourism industry in Iran.

The goal of this research is to explain that the role of urban comprehensive management in social security and to present the desirable model for the cities of Isfahan province with enjoying field and survey study, applied research has been performed with developmental perspective and as descriptive analysis by using SPSS soft ware. Statistical population includes mayors of Isfahan province, members of Islamic councils of regions of Isfahan.The Sample population consists of 200 persons of the statistical population the results of the research indicat that the urban comprehensive management can be created with convergence and enforcement of executive and office capabilites of the cities and enpower the local authorities in order to recognize the problems and priorities and facilitate the sustainable developmental policies and with decentralized system, more precise planning and control of government, more efficiency of plans increase the orientation of local and national affairs in one direct and belonging feeling and correlation amoung citizen ship and be effective in achieving social security.

Color is a specific factor that recognizing its characteristics, specifications and effects on human, is a way to create pleasant urban spaces and environment.This subject becomes more significant when we see our cities disorganized as far as color concerns.Heterogeneous setting of buildings, using inharmonious colors and neglecting psychological specifications of colors creates an unpleasant environment which is not adapted to human desires. In consequence this essay is an attempt to explain the importance of color and the way we can use it in cities. In this investigation the concepts relating to color, the role of color in improvement of city management and importance of providing a comprehensive color plan for city are debated. In addition by choosing a case study, some guidelines about the method of producing such plans and developing their regulations are presented. This essay uses on the one hand description-analysis method and exploring the texts and documents. On the other hand, observation and collecting the information based on field studies are used.