Comparing the Effectiveness of Cognitive-behavioral Therapy Combined With Self-compassion and Cognitive Motor Activities and Cognitive Motor Intervention Alone on Forgiveness and Self-compassion in the Elderly

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Kashmari Anahita; Shahabizadeh Fatemeh; Ahi Ghasem; Mahmoudi Rad Alireza

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: Health, Spirituality and Medical Ethics Year:2023 | Volume:10 | Issue:2 Page(s): 93-102

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Title

Comparing the Effectiveness of Cognitive-behavioral Therapy Combined With Self-compassion and Cognitive Motor Activities and Cognitive Motor Intervention Alone on Forgiveness and Self-compassion in the Elderly

Author(s)

Kashmari Anahita | Shahabizadeh Fatemeh | Ahi Ghasem | Mahmoudi Rad Alireza | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)Q4

Self-compassionQ4

Cognitive psychologyQ4

ForgivenessQ4

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Forgiveness and Self-compassion are essential constructs that are the opposite of high levels of anxiety and depression in older people. Their improvement can help reduce the problems of psychological symptoms in older people, therefore, this research aims to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) combined with Self-compassion, cognitive-motor activities, and specific cognitive-motor intervention conducted on Forgiveness and Self-compassion of older people. Methods: The research method was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test & post-test and follow-up design with a control group. For this purpose, a sample consisting of 42 people (21 women and 21 men) over 60 years of age living in Mashhad City, Iran in 2021 who met the inclusion criteria were selected and, after random assignment in three groups of the first experiment (combined CBT intervention Self-compassion with cognitive-motor activities), the second experimental group (intervention of cognitive-motor activities) and the control group (without any intervention) and underwent interventions in 18 sessions during 9 weeks. Results: The data obtained from the questionnaires of the heartland Forgiveness scale (HFS) and the Self-compassion questionnaire were analyzed by the multivariate analysis of covariance method with repeated measurements, and the results showed a significant difference between the test groups and the control group, in the mean scores of Forgiveness (P<0.001) and Self-compassion (P<0.001) in the post-test and follow-up. Also, a significant difference was observed between the two test groups in the mean Self-compassion scores in the post-test and follow-up (P<0.001). Conclusion: Undergoing 9 weeks of CBT along with Self-compassion accompanied by cognitive-motor activities, as well as 9 weeks of intervention with cognitive-motor activities alone can contribute to increasing Forgiveness and Self-compassion in older people.

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