NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT AND HUMANITIES SCIENCE RESEARCH IN IRAN | Year:2017 | دوره:3 |Papers Count:27

THE WORLD OF COMMUNICATIONS, MEANS THAT EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION, IDEAS, EXPERIENCES AMONG PEOPLE ON TWO LEVELS CREATED CONSCIOUS AND SUBCONSCIOUS AND MAKES ENORMOUS CHANGES IN THE WORLD TODAY, AND A NEW SPACE OF SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS AND DEPENDS ON CULTURE, DIFFERENT RACES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN THE WORLD INDOOR INDIVIDUALS, WITTINGLY OR NOT, THE CONNECTION AT RISK, AND IN LIGHT OF THE) ANIMAL PERSONALITY DIMENSION (MAY - DOWN. THAT UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF A WELL - INFORMED SYSTEM WITH A VIEW TO PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BASED ON THE MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY - INFORMATION IN THIS VILLAGE -, CAN CONTRIBUTE TO MANY OF THE CRISIS, THE TREATMENT OF IDENTITY THAT, AND FROM THE CRISIS - CYBER-CRIMES (TO), LED TO HELP. THIS PAPER IS OF THE VIEW - JUNG SHADOW WITH THE LACK OF CONTROL THAT MAKES A PERSON'S IDENTITY CRISIS, ESPECIALLY IN THE VIRTUAL NETWORKS. CYBERSPACE TO SOME KIND OF A PERSON'S IDENTITY CRISIS - AND HETEROGENEITY OF HAVING CAUSED SUBSTANTIAL CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF PERSONALITY AND IT ACTUALLY CHANGE OR UNDESIRABLE, SOMEHOW CAUSE IMBALANCE PERSONALITY IDENTITY, INNOCENT. AND FROM THAT POINT OF VIEW – JUNG GENERALLY MEANS DISTANCING ITSELF FROM THE SHADOWS, MAY - IDENTITY CRISIS IN HUMAN; SO TO CONSIDER THE PROPERTY OF SOCIAL NETWORKS THAT, EACH OF THOSE WHICH WITHOUT NAME OR USE UNREAL PICTURE MAY TAKE IDENTITY CRISIS - AND RESOLVING CONFLICTS OF IDENTITY CRISIS MAY - DISTANCE.

TISSUE REPAIRING AND REGENERATING IN ALL FORMS AND HISTORICAL PERIODS IS ROOTED IN THE VALUES ORIGINATING FROM NATIONAL IDENTITY AND CULTURE. THE ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND THESE VALUES IS A BASIC NEED TO ASSESS THE CULTURAL IDENTITY OF A NATION. RESTORATION OF PREVIOUS ERA’S MONUMENTS IS SIGNIFICANT ASPECT OF THE TEIMURID ERA ARCHITECTURE. ONE OF UNIQUE COLLECTION THAT REPRESENTS THE CULTURAL IDENTITY OF KERMAN PEOPLE, ONE OF THE MOST BEAUTIFUL EXAMPLES OF SAFAVID ERA ARCHITECTURE, IS GANJAALI KHAN SET WHICH HAVE COLLECTIONS, EACH IN TURN ARE ARCHITECTURE VALUABLE WORK. INN WITH ELEGANT TWO-STOREY BUILDING AND YARD DECORATED WITH A COMBINATION OF BRICK AND TILE AND PAINTING ON PLASTER WHICH IS UNIQUE BECAUSE OF DELICACY IN PICTURES DESIGNATION. DIVERSIFY IN TYPES OF PLANT - GEOMETRIC DESIGNS AND ANIMAL AND HUMAN PICTURE TILES STRIKES THE EYE. MOST OF THE SET MOSAIC TILING IS THE ARTIST'S HANDS OF KERMAN COUNTY ADORNED THEM IN MOST BEAUTIFUL FORM AND DAMAGED PARTS OF TILING DURING QAJAR REFURBISHED BY ARTISTS OF THE SAME ERA AND HAS CONTINUED TO THIS DAY. THIS RESEARCH WAS CARRIED OUT THROUGH LIBRARY - FIELD STUDIES BASED ON DESCRIPTIVE AND ANALYTICAL METHOD WHICH AIM IS ANALYSIS OF GANJAALI KHAN INN’S TILED MOTIFS AND ACCORDINGLY, INTRODUCTION OF TRADITIONAL TILE WORK, THAT IS DONE FOR RESTORATION OF MONUMENTS, INVESTIGATION OF SLUGGISH THIS CAREER’S CAUSES AND MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THIS TRADITIONAL ART.

DESPITE THE IMPRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT IN TODAY'S WORLD, UNFORTUNATELY, THOUGHT LEADERSHIP THINKERS AND MUSLIM SCHOLARS HAD, TO THE EXTENT THAT IT IS WORTH, HAS NOT BEEN STUDIED. MANY OF THESE IDEAS CAN BE AMONG THE MANAGERIAL LITERATURE, TRAVELOGUES, POEMS, HISTORICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL BOOKS, IDENTITY CARDS, ETC. NSYHTNAMH OVER FOURTEEN CENTURIES WRITTEN BY IRANIAN MUSLIM SCHOLARS RECEIVED. AND CASE STUDY ANALYSIS. THEREFORE, IN THIS ARTICLE WE TRIED POLICY NIZAM AL-MULK TUSI, NSYHH AL SAADI, AND ALL DIMNA, THE FAMOUS WORKS OF PERSIAN LITERATURE ARE IMPORTANT, FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE TO BE DISCUSSED AND SCRUTINIZED. WE HAVE DIFFERENT POINTS OF MANAGEMENT IN THE VARIOUS CHAPTERS WERE TAKING NOTES. THE AUTHOR OF THIS STUDY, THE USE OF RAW MATERIALS AND SCARCE RESEARCH RESOURCES RELEVANT EXAMPLES THAT REQUIRE REAL MESSAGE OF PERSIAN POET, EXPLAIN. WHAT THE STUDY AND CONCLUSIONS SET FORTH CLEAR ATTITUDE IS THAT IRANIAN PERSIAN LITERATURE AS A REFLECTION OF LIFE. THE SOCIAL LIFE OF A NATION THAT IN LIGHT OF THE HISTORY, COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT, WISE AND JUSTICE WAS A NECESSITY.

THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM THAT ITS EFFICIENCY OR INEFFICIENCY, CREATES A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. SHADOW BANKING AS PART OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM, ACTING AS REGULAR BANKS, BUT NOT UNDER GOVERNMENT RULES. IN THIS STUDY, FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THIS FINANCIAL SYSTEM AND THE VARIOUS DIMENSIONS OF THIS PHENOMENON, WE CHOOSED ENGLAND, USA AND CHINA AS THREE TARGET COUNTRIES IN A COMPARATIVE STUDY, BECAUSE OF THEIR SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENT IN SHADOW BANKING AND INVESTIGATED THEM BY SIZE, INSTITUTIONS, INSTRUMENTS AND REGULATIONS. SINCE THE SHADOW BANKING EXIST IN IRAN AND IT MAY KNOW AS A THREAT BECAUSE ITS DETRIMENTAL ECONOMIC EFFECTS, BY REVIEWING RULES MADE BY THE STUDIED COUNTRIES, SOME CRITERIA SUCH AS TRANSPARENCY, RISK PREVENTION, SUPPORTIVE LAWS AND EFFORTS TO INCREASE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY HAVE BEEN PROPOSED TO DEAL WITH SHADOW BANKING.

ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN’S LEGISLATION, REGARDING ITS ADVANTAGES AND RULING POWERS, RESTRICTS PEOPLE’S OWNERSHIP RIGHT, IN SOME CASES, MEETING THE NEEDS ORIGINATED FROM MAINTAINING PUBLIC BENEFIT. ALTHOUGH APPARENTLY THE ACT OF ORGANIZATIONS ABOUT OWNING PEOPLE’S PROPERTIES BY FORCE IS AGAINST THE PRINCIPLE OF SOVEREIGNTY OF THE WILL AND THE BASIC TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE ACCURACY OF TRANSACTIONS, LACK OF OWNER’S INTENTION AND SATISFACTION WILL NOT INVALIDATE THIS KIND OF OWNERSHIP REGARDING THE NECESSITY AND THE THEORY OF PRIORITY OF PUBLIC RIGHT OVER THE PRIVATE ONES. ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN, WHICH THE MOST OF ITS LAW IS TAKEN FROM THE ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE, HAS LEGISLATED SPORADIC RULES THAT RESTRICT OWNERS’ LEGAL AUTHORITIES ALONG WITH RESPECT TO THEIR DEFINITE RIGHTS. IN THE PRESENT PAPER, IT HAS BEEN ATTEMPTED TO INTRODUCE METHODS OF THE OWNERSHIP AND RESTRICTING PRIVATE PROPERTY IN INTEREST OF THE PUBLIC BENEFIT AND THE LEVELS AND PARTICULAR FORMALITY OF THE OWNERSHIP. IT WILL BE DISCUSSED THAT IN CASE OF INTERFERENCE BETWEEN THE PRIVATE AND PUBLIC RIGHT, THE PRIORITY WILL BE ON PUBLIC.

IN PRESENT RESEARCH, THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES ON FAMILY RELATIONSHIP IS ASSESSED IN DETAILS. AS A PART OF STUDY, THE EAST REGION (NO.4) OF TEHRAN CITY LOCATED WAS SELECTED FOR INVESTIGATION. THIS PAPER PRESENTS THE INCREASING POPULARITY OF SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES, THEIR EFFECT ON THE FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS AND HOW THE MEMBERS INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER INSIDE THE FAMILY AND WITH ONE ANOTHER OUT OF THE FAMILY. THE VIEWPOINTS OF MAZALOU, PARSONZ, GIDNEZ AND MERTON HAVE BEEN USED AS THEORETICAL BASEMENTS IN OUR DISCUSSION OF THIS STUDY. THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OUTLINED IN THIS STUDY WAS A MULTIPLE-CHOOSE (FIVE) QUESTIONNAIRES WHICHIS DEVELOPED BASED ON LIKERT’S SCALE. THE RESULTS SHOWED THE CREDIT CONTENTS RESULTING FROM CVR PARAMETER ARE 81% AND 82% FOR SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES AND FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS, RESPECTIVELY. THESE RESULTS CONFIRM THE RELIABILITY AND CORRELATION BETWEEN SCALE ITEMS. THE CRONBACH’S Α FUNCTION ALSO ASSUMED THE CORRELATION OF 91% AND 81% FOR SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES AND FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS, RESPECTIVELY, WHICH ARE HIGH IN VALUE RESPECT TO THE AVERAGE. THE TARGETED POPULATION IN THE EAST REGION AT CITY OF TEHRAN SUBDIVIDED INTO 9 PARTS. DATA WERE DERIVED FROM THE TOTAL 384 PERSONS INCLUDING 192 PARENTS AND 192 CHILDREN ARE USED IN COCHRAN’S FORMULA FOR INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS. SURVEYS INDICATED THAT THE SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES HAVE A CRITICAL ROLE ON THE FAMILY RELATIONSHIP. HOWEVER, WITH REGARDS TO THE DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES, IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT NO ASPECT OF FAMILY RELATIONSHIP AND THE INTERACTION OF MEMBERS WITH EACH OTHER WAS ASSOCIATED WITH HOW THEY USED SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES. IN CONTRAST, THE FAMILY RELATIONSHIP AND THEIR INTERACTION OF MEMBERS WERE AFFECTED BY THE CONTENTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES. INTERESTINGLY, THE CONTENTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES HAVE CONTRIBUTION ON THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FAMILY MEMBER INTERACTIONS. FOLLOWING THIS, WE CONCLUDED THAT MOTIVATION OF USING SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES WAS EFFECTIVE ON THE FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS AS DISCUSSED IN DETAILS IN THIS PAPER.

THIS PAPER EXAMINES THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE EXPORT MARKET IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF IRAN'S NON-OIL EXPORTS. IN ORDER TO, TRIED TO INVESTIGATE THE TREND OF EXPORT OF GOODS TRADED ON THE IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANG, AND THESE IMPACT ON NON-OIL EXPORTS IN THE COUNTRY WITH APPLY THE TECHNIQUE OF GENERALIZED METHOD OF MOMENTS AND USING MONTHLY DATA FOR THE PERIOD APRIL 1390 TO SEPTEMBER 1395 BE EVALUATED. THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF STABLE LONG-TERM RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE VALUE OF GOODS TRADED ON THE EXPORT RINGS OF IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE MARKET AND IRANS NON-OIL EXPORTS. FOR THIS PURPOSE, TESTS OF CONVERGENCE (CO-INTEGRATION) IS USED. HE RESULTS INDICATE THAT, IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE TRADING VALUE HAS A SIGNIFICANT POSITIVE EFFECT ON THE VALUE OF NON-OIL EXPORTS OF IRAN. THESE IMPORTANT FINDINGS CONFIRM THE HYPOTHESIS THAT THE POSITIVE IMPACT OF EXPORT MARKET IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE ON THE NON-OIL EXPORTS OF IRAN. THE EFFECT OF THIS VARIABLE IS, HOWEVER, A SMALL BUT 0.356 PERCENT. THIS MEANS THAT GROWTH OF ALMOST 3% IN VALUE OF MERCANTILE EXCHANGE TRADING WILL PROVIDE 1 PERCENT OF THE VALUE OF IRAN'S NON-OIL EXPORTS. THE EXCHANGE RATE IS ALSO A SIGNIFICANT POSITIVE EFFECT ON IRAN'S NON-OIL EXPORTS. WITH AN INCREASE OF ONE PERCENT EXCHANGE RATE (US DOLLAR) SAW AN INCREASE OF 1.65% IN THE VALUE OF IRAN'S NON-OIL EXPORTS IN THE PERIOD UNDER REVIEW HAVE SEEN. THE RELATIVE PRICE AND LAST PERIOD OF IRAN'S NON-OIL EXPORTS HAS BEEN A SIGNIFICANT NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE CURRENT IRAN'S NON-OIL EXPORTS.

NOWADAYS, TECHNICAL TERMINOLOGY TRANSLATION PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN HUMAN LIFE, AND SPECIFIC GROUPS OF PEOPLE ALL OVER THE WORLD REFER TO LEARN THESE TERMINOLOGIES IN ORDER TO BE FAMILIAR WITH A SUBJECT AND IMPROVE THEIR KNOWLEDGE IN THAT DOMAIN. ON THE OTHER HAND, SAVING THE TECHNICAL TRANSLATION EQUIVALENT IS A PARTICULARLY SALIENT CHALLENGE FOR TECHNICAL TRANSLATORS (KHODABANDEH, 2015). THIS STUDY FOCUSES ON THREE OBJECTIVES; OBJECTIVE ONE: THE IRANIAN MA ENGLISH TRANSLATION STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARD THE APLL AND ITS FACTORS.OBJECTIVE TWO: THE IRANIAN MA ENGLISH TRANSLATION STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE APLL AND ITS ACTIVITIES. OBJECTIVE THREE: THE IRANIAN MA ENGLISH TRANSLATION STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE EQUIVALENTS PROPOSED BY THE RESEARCHER AND THOSE APPROVED BY THE APLL. IN THIS STUDY, THE RESEARCHER EXAMINES TO WHAT EXTENT THE MA STUDENTS OF ENGLISH TRANSLATION STUDIES ACCEPT (USE) THE PROPOSED BANKING TERMINOLOGIES EQUIVALENCES OR THOSE APPROVED BY THE ACADEMY OF PERSIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE (APLL) ? FOR THIS PURPOSE, THE ‘TYPE FORM TEST ONLINE’ (EQUIVALENT TERMINOLOGY TEST) AS ACCEPTABILITY QUESTIONNAIRE WAS CHOSEN. THE BANKING TERMINOLOGIES THAT USED IN THE TEST WERE PREPARED FROM ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING DICTIONARY BY MAHNAZ AKBARPOUR, 2010, AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS IN PERSIAN LANGUAGE FROM THE APLL. THE TEST CONSISTS OF THREE CHOICES A, B, AND C ITEMS WITH EQUAL SCORES FOR EACH ITEM. THE RESEARCHER FOUND PERSIAN EQUIVALENTS FOR BANKING TERMINOLOGIES FROM THE APLL WROTE THEM IN THE CHOICE A (APPROVED BY THE APLL), CHOICE B (PROPOSED EQUIVALENTS BY THE RESEARCHER), AND C (SUGGESTED BY MA ENGLISH STUDENTS). MEANWHILE THE PROPOSED EQUIVALENTS BY THE RESEARCHER, AND EQUIVALENTS APPROVED BY THE APLL ARE COMPARED TO THE NINE PRINCIPLES OF TERMINOLOGY IN THE APLL THEN THREE LINGUISTICS EXPERTS CONSIDERED THEM, AND RESULTS SHOWED THAT THE EQUIVALENTS BY THE RESEARCHER ARE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE NINE PRINCIPLES OF TERMINOLOGY IN THE APLL, AND THE PROPOSED EQUIVALENTS BY THE RESEARCHER HAVE MORE ACCEPTABILITY THAN EQUIVALENTS APPROVED BY THE APLL.

THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS CONSIDERING OF THE RELATION BETWEEN SELF-ESTEEM AND GENERAL DECISION MAKING STYLE OF PRIMARY EDUCATION MANAGERS IN GONABAD COUNTRY. THE RESEARCH METHOD WAS GEODESIC ANDTHE RESEARCH’S POPULATION CONSISTS OF 200 OPERATIVE PRIMARY EDUCATION MANAGERS IN GONABAD COUNTRY IN 1396 SCHOOL YEAR. STATISTICAL POPULATION CONSISTS OF 130 PEOPLE WHO ARE CHOSEN RANDOM. IN THIS RESEARCH, FOR MEASURING THE SELF-ESTEEM OF MANAGERS, THE “SELF-ESTEEM TEST” ACCORDING TO COOPER SMITH THEORY WITH 0.88 CRONBACH’S ALPHA WAS TAKEN. AND FOR MEASURING THE GENERAL DECISION MAKING STYLE OF MANAGERS, THE “GENERAL DECISION MAKING STYLE” TEST ACCORDING TO SCOOT AND BRUCE (1995) WITH ACCEPTABLE CRONBACH’S ALPHA HAS BEEN USED. FOR INFORMATION ANALYSIS, DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS METHOD AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS METHOD OF KOLMOGOROV–SMIRNOV AND SPEARMAN CORRELATION COEFFICIENT HAS BEEN USED. THE RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH SHOWED THAT THERE’S A MEANINGFUL RELATION BETWEEN MANAGER’S SELF-ESTEEM AND GENERAL DECISION MAKING STYLES.

NOWADAYS, USING FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES AS WONDERFUL TOOL IS ONE OF THE EFFECTIVE FACTORS TO IMPROVE HOSPITALS EFFICIENCY. SO, IN ORDER TO KEEP OPEN IN COMPETITIVE WORLD AND IMPROVE THEIR PERFORMANCE, HOSPITALS HAVE ATTEMPTED TO PERFORM BETTER. THE PRESENT STUDY AIMED TO CONSIDER: IS THERE ANY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FACTORS OF USING FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN HOSPITALS OF TEHRAN OR NOT? IN FACT, THE GOAL IS TO INVESTIGATE EFFECTIVE FACTORS ON USING FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN HOSPITALS OF TEHRAN THROUGH TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL. THE RESEARCHER USED DESCRIPTIVE-CORRELATION METHOD. THE FINDINGS INDICATED THAT IMPROVING EFFICIENCY OF USING FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES AND INCREASE FEASIBILITY CAUSED TO INCREASE CONCERNS TOWARD USING THEM, AND IMPROVE EFFICACY OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES CAUSED TO INCREASE BEHAVIORAL PERFORMANCES TO USE THEM. THE FINDINGS STATE THAT INCREASING USE OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN TEHRAN LED TO INCREASE CONCERNS AND BEHAVIORAL PERFORMANCES TO USE THEM.

THIS ARTICLE GENERALLY AIMS TO EXAMINE THE FAMILIARITY OF EPM WITH THEORIES AND META_THEORIES ON CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT. IN THE CASE OF PURPOSE, IT IS AN APPLIED AND IN THE CASE OF RESEARCH PLAN, IS A DESCRIPTIVE ONE. SINCE IT ELUCIDATES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO VARIABLES, IT IS A CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH.THE POPULATION FOR THE RESEARCH CONSISTS OF ALL 100 EPM IN KOOHRANG CITY AMONG THEM, 80 MANAGERS WERE SELECTED AS OUR SAMPLE BASED ON STRATIFIED METHOD AND COCHRAN FORMULA. TOCOLLECT REQUIRED DATA, WE USED “FAMILIARITY WITH THEORIES AND META_THEORIES ON CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT" QUESTIONNAIRE WHICH WAS DEVELOPED BY THE RESEARCHER AND CONTAINS FOUR COMPONENTS AND A TOTAL 19 QUESTIONS ACCORDING TO LIKERT FIVE_LEVEL SCALE. VALIDITY OF QUESTIONNAIRE WAS CONFIRMED BY MANAGEMENT EXPERTS BASED ON THE CONTENT VALIDITY. A 0.84 @CRONBACH FOR RELIABILITY OF QUESTIONNAIRE WAS ACQUIRED. TO ANALYZE THE DATA, WE USED INFERENTIAL (T_TEST) AND DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS. ALL COMPUTATIONS WERE PERFORMED USING SPSS SOFTWARE. RESULTS SHOW THAT EPM'S FAMILIARITY WITH THEORIES AND META_THEORIES OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT WAS HIGHER THAN AVERAGE LEVEL AND BASED ON DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, THERE IS NO DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EPM’S FAMILIARITY WITH THEORIES AND META_THEORIES.

USING RENEWABLE ENERGIES, ESPECIALLY SOLAR ENERGY HAS RECEIVED SIGNIFICANT ATTENTION DUE TO INCREASING ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND THE PROBLEM OF ENERGY DEFICIENCY IN RECENT DECADES. SECOND GENERATION OF SOLAR CELLS, THIN-FILMS, HAS SEVERAL BENEFITS COMPARED TO THE PREVIOUS GENERATION, BUT THERE EXIST A FEW STUDIES ON DETERMINING THE BEST MATERIAL OR RANKING THE MATERIALS USING MADM TECHNIQUES. THIS PAPER TENDS TO EVALUATE AND RANK SEVERAL ABSORBER LAYER MATERIALS FOR SOLAR CELLS. FIRST OF ALL, THIN-FILM EXPERTS' OPINIONS WERE GATHERED USING A QUESTIONNAIRE TO DETERMINE THE ATTRIBUTES. NINE ATTRIBUTES WERE SELECTED AND THE WEIGHTS WERE CALCULATED USING CRITIC METHOD WHICH TAKES INTO ACCOUNT BOTH THE CORRELATION (SIMILARITY) BETWEEN THE VALUES OF EACH ATTRIBUTE AND ITS DISPERSION (STANDARD DEVIATION). THEN, THE PROMETHEE II WAS IMPLEMENTED TO RANK THE THIN-FILM MATERIALS, WHERE THE DISCRIMINATION THRESHOLDS (INDIFFERENCE, PREFERENCE AND VETO THRESHOLDS) WERE DECLARED BY THE THIN-FILM EXPERTS. ALSO, THE TYPE OF PREFERENCE FUNCTIONS WAS DETERMINED BY THE EXPERTS.

JUSTICE HAS BEEN THE MOST IMPORTANT HUMAN’S ASPIRATION AND DESIRE FROM THE BEGINNING OF CREATION UP TO NOW. JUSTICE HAS VARIOUS FIELDS, BUT IN THE MEANTIME, IT HAS A VERY SPECIAL POSITION IN MUTUAL RIGHTS OF WOMAN AND MAN AS TWO PILLARS OF THE UNIVERSE. WOMAN IS THE EPITOME OF BEAUTY OF GOD AND MAN IS THE EPITOME OF GLORY OF GOD; AND EACH ONE HAS SPECIAL POSITION IN THE CREATED ORDER; AND THE GOAL OF BOTH IS ACHIEVING PERFECTION WITHOUT THEIR SUPERIORITY OVER EACH OTHER. DIFFERENCES IN SOME ISLAMIC LAWS BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN HAVE CAUSED SUSPICION OF DISCRIMINATION AND INEQUALITY IN THE MINDS OF SOME. THE DIFFERENCE IN THEIR RIGHTS IS DUE TO DIFFERENCES IN THEIR CREATION, DUTIES AND ROLES WITHOUT ANY DISCRIMINATION. JUSTICE ON THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN AND MEN MUST BE EVALUATED BY CONSIDERING EACH SET OF RIGHTS TO CLARIFY THAT ISLAM IN ADOPTATION OF RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS DOES NOT HAVE THE SUPERIORITY OF ONE OVER THE OTHER. INHERITANCE, BLOOD MONEY, PUNISHMENT, DIVORCE, CUSTODY, JUDGE AND WITNESS ARE THE CHALLENGING ISSUES IN THE FIELD OF MEN AND WOMEN RIGHTS IN ISLAM.

TODAY, MANAGEMENT OF CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR, IS THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR IN PREVENTING OF CHURN OF BANK CUSTOMERS AND DETERMINE THE FACTORS AFFECTING ON IT, HAS BECOME ONE OF THE PRIORITIES OF THE BANKS. ACCORDINGLY, THIS STUDY WAS CONDUCTED WITH THE OBJECTIVE OF INVESTIGATION THE MEDIATING ROLE OF CUSTOMERS’ PERCEPTIONS IN AFFECTING SERVICE CLIMATE ON CUSTOMERS’ BEHAVIORAL INTENTIONS OF CORPORATE BANKING. THIS STUDY IS DESCRIPTIVE/CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH AT WHICH TO COLLECT DATA USED FROM QUESTIONNAIRES. THE RESEARCH SAMPLE CONSISTED OF 210 CUSTOMERS OF CORPORATE BANKING OF BANK MELLAT IN TEHRAN. THE RELIABILITY OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE WAS CONFIRMED USING CRONBACH'S ALPHA. THE FINDINGS OF THIS STUDY, USING STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING SHOWED THAT: (1) SERVICE CLIMATE ON PERCEIVED SERVICE QUALITY, PERCEIVED VALUE, AND THE EMOTIONS AND FEELINGS CUSTOMERS HAS A SIGNIFICANT POSITIVE EFFECT, (2) PERCEIVED SERVICE QUALITY, PERCEIVED VALUE, AND THE EMOTIONS AND FEELINGS, IN TURN, ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION (AND CUSTOMERS SATISFACTION ON CUSTOMERS BEHAVIOR) HAVE A SIGNIFICANT POSITIVE IMPACT WHICH CONFIRMS THE SIGNIFICANT ROLE OF CUSTOMERS’ PERCEPTIONS, AS A MEDIATOR, (3) THE ATTITUDE TOWARDS TO BANK ON REFERRAL INTENTION HAS A SIGNIFICANT POSITIVE EFFECT.

SUBJECT TO STUDY THE ROLE OF THE PLAYERS IN THE TRANSFER OF THE RIGHT CHOICES BASED ON THE QURAN IN CHILDREN. THIS RESEARCH IS BASED ON TWO IMPORTANT PRINCIPLES. HENCE, THE QURAN IS TO RESPOND TO QUESTIONS OF SOURCE SELECTION, AND SECOND, THAT THE PURCHASER ACCORDING TO IMAM ALI SCIENCE AND PRACTICE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH EACH OTHER AND WITHIN THE LIMITS OF WHAT IS NECESSARY, BE PERFORMED. DUE TO THE FACT THAT CHILDHOOD IS AN IMPORTANT PERIOD FOR THE FORMATION OF A CHILD'S CHARACTER AND PERSONALITY CORNERSTONE PRINCIPLES ARE ESTABLISHED IN CHILDHOOD, SO GIVEN THE TIME AND THE COACH THAT THE CHILD IS PROPERLY FOUNDED CHOICES AND CAUSE CHILDREN OF THIS GOD-GIVEN GIFT OF ALL TIME IS JUST RIGHT TO GROW AND THEIR LIVES, THEY CAN BE VERY IMPORTANT. ONLY COACH TO PROVIDING FOR THIS IS THAT HE INFORMED CHOICE. COMMUNICATION IS ESTABLISHED BETWEEN TRAINER AND TRAINEE, TRAINEE INSTRUCTOR CAN BE EFFECTIVE ON OPTIONS AND CHOICES TO SUPPORT AND GUIDE HIM TO TAKE STEPS IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION. GIFTS DIALOGUE COACH SELECTIVITY OF THE HUMAN HEARING, ACCEPTANCE, DISCUSSION, BRINGING ANALOGY, COVERS AN INVITATION TO REFLECTION AND AWARENESS. COACH, WITH THE HELP OF METHODS THAT CAN BE CALLED SUCH TALKS, THE LEANER IN INFRASTRUCTURE TO SUPPORT INFORMED CHOICES.

DECISIONS ABOUT CAPITAL STRUCTURE AS FINANCIAL LEVERAGE IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ISSUES IN BANKS. WHILE EMPHASIZING THE ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVE FACTORS ON FINANCIAL LEVERAGE, THE AIM OF THE STUDY IS TO EVALUATE THE REACTION IN SPEED OF ADJUSTMENT TO PROFITABILITY IN THE 15 BANKS LISTED ON THE TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE DURING 2010 TO 2015. FOR THIS PURPOSE, HAS BEEN USED THE PARTIAL ADJUSTMENT MODEL AND DYNAMIC PANEL DATA METHOD. THE RESULTS OF THE ESTIMATION BY GMM-SYS ESTIMATOR SHOWS THAT THE BANKS MOVE TO THE POTAINTIAL CAPITAL STRUCTURE WITH SPEED OF ADJUSTMENT IN 50 PERCENT AND WITHIN A YEAR COULD MAKE UP MORE THAN HALF OF DIVIATION IN POTAINTIAL LEVERAGE. PROFITABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PECKINGORDER THEORY HAS NEGATIVE AND SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON FINANCIAL LEVERAGE AND IT IS ALSO ASSOCIATED WITH A REDUCTION IN THE SPEED OF ADJUSTMENT. AS WELL AS GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES AND ASSET COLLATERAL IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE THEORY OF PECKINGORDER AND STATIC TRADE-OFF HAVE NEGATIVE IMPACT ON FINANCIAL LEVERAGE. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS AND FISCAL DEFICIT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STATIC TRADE-OFF THEORY HAVE A POSITIVE IMPACT ON FINANCIAL LEVERAGE.

INTRODUCTION: SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT IS ALSO A SIGNIFICANT PART OF MAN LIFE. DURING THEIR SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT, MEN LEARN ABOUT THE NATURE OF SEXUAL BEHAVIORS AND DETERMINE, WHETHER WITTINGLY OR UNWITTINGLY, THEIR SEXUAL ACTIVITIES.PURPOSE: THE PRESENT STUDY AIMS AT INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SHORT-TERM DYNAMIC PSYCHOTHERAPY (ISTDP) ON THE IMPROVED ORGASM FUNCTION IN 20 TO 40 YEARS OLD MEN WITH PREMATURE EJACULATION (PE) AND ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION (ED) IN BIRJAND CITY.MATERIALS AND METHODS: THE STATISTICAL POPULATION OF THIS STUDY CONSISTS OF ALL THE MEN REFERRED TO HEALTH CENTERS IN BIRJAND CITY WHO ACCORDING TO CLINICIANS AND BASED ON DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA HAVE RECEIVED ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION AND PREMATURE EJACULATION DIAGNOSIS. AMONG THE PATIENTS ADMITTED TO PSYCHIATRIC CLINIC WHO HAVE RECEIVED ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION AND PREMATURE EJACULATION DIAGNOSIS, A TOTAL OF 24 PEOPLE WERE SELECTED AS ACCESSIBLE AND WERE PUT IN TWO EXPERIMENT AND CONTROL GROUPS. ELIGIBILITY CONDITIONS OF THE STUDY WERE THE AGE RANGE BETWEEN 20-40 YEARS OLD, LACK OF MENTAL DISORDERS, LACK OF MEDICATION AND DRUGS AND NOT RECEIVING OTHER FORMS OF TREATMENT. THE STUDY METHOD IS PRE-EXAM – AFTER-EXAM WITH EXPERIMENT AND CONTROL GROUP. INTERNATIONAL INDEX OF ERECTILE FUNCTION QUESTIONNAIRE WAS CONDUCTED ON BOTH GROUPS. THE EXPERIMENT GROUP WAS TREATED FOR 15 SESSIONS UNDER SHORT TERM INTENSIVE PSYCHODYNAMIC THERAPY. THEN AFTER-EXAM WAS CARRIED OUT ON EXPERIMENT AND CONTROL GROUP.FINDINGS: THE RESULTS OF THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS CARRIED OUT THROUGH ANALYSIS OF COVARIANCE (ANCOVA) CONFIRMED THE RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS SUGGESTING THAT ISTDP HAS A POSITIVE IMPACT ON THE IMPROVED ORGASM FUNCTION IN 20 TO 40 YEARS OLD MEN WITH PREMATURE EJACULATION AND ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION. THE EFFECT OF GIVEN INTERVENTION ACCOUNTS FOR 69%.CONCLUSION: IT IS SUGGESTED THAT THE SHORT TERM DYNAMIC PSYCHOTHERAPY BEING USED IN CLINICS AND COUNSELING CENTERS AS A TREATMENT METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF THE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS.

THIS STUDY AIMED TO INVESTIGATE THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIVE NEEDS OF MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS IN TABRIZ BY INVESTIGATING THEIR ENGLISH LANGUAGE USE IN THE WORKPLACE IN ORDER TO PROVIDE EMPIRICAL DATA SERVING IRANIAN ESP CONTEXT. THE STUDY USED THE FRAMEWORK OF NEEDS ANALYSIS TO INVESTIGATE THE EXTENT OF ENGLISH USE IN THE CAREERS OF MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS, THE REQUIRED LEVEL OF THE READING, WRITING, LISTENING AND SPEAKING SKILLS IN DIFFERENT ACTIVITIES, AND THE PERCEPTION OF MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS TOWARDS THEIR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PREPARATION DURING THEIR UNIVERSITY STUDIES. A QUESTIONNAIRE WAS CONSTRUCTED, MODIFIED, VALIDATED, AND DISTRIBUTED TO THREE DIFFERENT HOSPITALS AND A PHARMACY IN TABRIZ. THE POPULATION CONSISTED OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCE STUDENTS AND MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS REPRESENTING PHYSICIANS, DENTISTS, PHARMACISTS, AND APPLIED MEDICAL TECHNICIANS. A TOTAL OF 230 QUESTIONNAIRES WERE DISTRIBUTED, OUT OF WHICH 108 QUESTIONNAIRES WERE USABLE FOR ANALYSIS. THE FINDINGS OF THE STUDY REVEALED THAT THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IS USED AT THE WORKPLACE AND PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE CAREERS OF MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS. HOWEVER, PHYSICIANS AND PHARMACISTS USED ENGLISH MORE OFTEN THAN APPLIED MEDICAL SPECIALISTS AND DENTISTS. THE FINDINGS ALSO INDICATED THAT READING AND WRITING SKILLS WERE PERCEIVED AS MORE IMPORTANT THAN LISTENING AND SPEAKING SKILLS. HOWEVER, THE DIFFERENCES IN PERCENTAGES BETWEEN THESE TWO CATEGORIES OF SKILLS WERE TOO CLOSE TO MAKE AN AFFIRMATIVE JUDGMENT. FINALLY, THE OVERALL FINDINGS OF THIS STUDY REVEALED THAT THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COURSES THAT MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS TAKE AT THE UNIVERSITY LEVEL WERE INADEQUATE IN RELATING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE USE TO THEIR MEDICAL NEEDS.

TODAY'S SOCIETY THANKS TO COMMUNICATION INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT, IS EXPERIENCING A KIND OF NETWORKING. NOWADAYS, SOCIAL NETWORKS ARE THE MOST POWERFUL TOOLS FOR PLANNING AND PROMOTING THOUGHTS AND ALSO EFFICIENT TOOLS FOR CULTURE INFILTRATION INTO THE HEART OF SOCIETIES. THROUGH THIS, WOMEN ISSUE IS OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SUBJECT WHICH INTELLECTUALS AND SOCIOLOGISTS, ESPECIALLY WOMEN-ISSUES INVOLVED HAVE CONSIDERED IT IN THE COURSE OF TENYEAES.IN OTHER WORDS, SOCIAL NETWORKS’ TOTALLY INCLUSIVE COMMUNICATION FUNCTION (COMPARED TO TRADITIONAL ONE SUBJECT, WORK AND USAGE) ON WOMEN AND FUNDAMENTAL VALUES OVER THIS FRONT HAS MADE IT AN IMPORTANT THING IN LITERATURE AND RESEARCH PROGRAMS IN SOCIAL NETWORKS AS A NEW ONE. AS A RESULT, THE ANALYSIS OF THE MESSAGES THAT ARE PASSED OUT VIA THESE NETWORKS AND CAN BE A REFLECTION OF FOLK CULTURE WHICH AFFECTS PEOPLE'S CULTURE SEEMS CRUCIAL. THE PRESENT STUDY IS DONE WITH THE PURPOSE OF ANALYSING REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN AT JOKES ABOUT THEM WHICH WERE ISSUED OVER SOCIAL NETWORKS SUCH AS TELEGRAM. THE ARTICLE TOUCHES ON ANALYSING THE CONTENTS OF GENDER-BASED JOKES THAT ARE A KIND OF CONFIRMING GENDER INEQUALITY WITH ANSWERING THE QUESTION THAT HOW SEX ENTERED BY LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS AND BEHAVIOURAL PATTERNS AND SITUATION IN THE NETWORKS JOKES? DOES EXISTING SEXUAL ROLES CORRESPOND WITH REALITY? HOW DO GENDER-BASED JOKES PASS ON SEXUAL ROLES THROUGH SYMBOLISM.WE USED CONTENT ANALYSIS IN THIS STUDY. OVER 200 JOKES ABOUT WOMEN AND GIRLS HAVE BEEN GATHERED FROM SOCIAL NETWORKS AND 23 OF THEM WERE ANALYSED, FINALLY THE RESEARCHER MADE A CHANNEL.200 JOKES WERE POSTED IN IT AND 23 JOKES WHICH ALMOST CONTAIN THE MEANING OF TOTAL JOKES WERE SENT TO THE MEMBERS SO 100 OF THEM ANSWERED THE AFFIRMATION QUESTIONS. THE RESULT IS THAT MAKING, USING AND ISSUING JOKES IS NOT A CONSCIOUS PROCESS RATHER IT IS ONLY FOR MAKING PEOPLE LAUGH AND IS THE REFLECTION OF COMMON CULTURE IN SOCIETY. WE, ALSO, CAN SAY THAT DOING IT SO IS TRIGGERED BY THE IDEOLOGY OF PATRIARCHY A RESULT OF BELIEFS AND COMMON TRADITION CLICHÉ AND FOLK CULTURE.

THIS STUDY IS A TRY TO EXPLORE ROLE OF STRATEGIC INTELLIGENCE IN ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT IN TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE. IN ORDER TO EVALUATE HYPOTHESIS STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL HAS BEEN USED. STATISTICAL SOCIETY OF THIS STUDY IS ALL OF THE TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE STAFFS. BY COCRAN METHOD 384 PEOPLE WERE SELECTED AS A SAMPLE. THE VALIDITY OF QUESTIONNAIRE WAS MEASURED BY EXPERT IDEAS. BUT FOR GETTING RELIABILITY COEFFICIENT ALPHA (CRONBACH) WAS USED. ACCORDING TO THE RESULT, RESOUCE INTELLIGENCE, INFORMATIONAL INTELLIGENCE, ENVIRONMENTAL INTELLIGENCE, AND MARKET INTELLIGENCE HAS MEANINGFUL EFFECT ON ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT.

MANY IRANIAN RESEARCHERS PAID ATTENTION TO THE CONCEPT OF STOCK LIQUIDITY DURING THE LAST DECADE (1384-1393), SO IN THIS STUDY, THE RESEARCHES, ARE REVIEWED AND CLASSIFIED BASED ON THE EFFECTIVE FACTORS ON AND CONSEQUENCES OF LIQUIDITY. THE AIM OF THIS ARTICLE IS CLARIFYING THE CONCEPT OF STOCK LIQUIDITY AND ITS MEASUREMENT METHODS IN IRAN, INTRODUCING STUDIES AND THE GAPS OF RESEARCHING IN THIS AREA, EXAMINING OF THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT LIQUIDITY AND ITS CONSEQUENCES. IN THIS REGARD, ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN MAGIRAN, NOOR MAGS AND SID DATABASES WERE EXAMINED. ACCORDING TO REVIEWED STUDIES, QUALITY OF DISCLOSURE, GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, ASSETS LIQUIDITY OF FIRMS, EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS, UNDERPRICING IN INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING, FREE FLOAT STOCK, AUDITE QUALITY AND PRODUCT MARKET POWER CAN LEAD TO INCREASE OF STOCK LIQUIDITY. EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AND INCREASE OF FINANCIAL LEVERAGE ARE ELEMENTS THAT DECREASE STOCK LIQUIDITY. RESULTS OF SOME SUBJECTS SUCH AS THE EFFECT OF PRIVATIZATION ON LIQUIDITY AND THE EFFECT OF LIQUIDITY ON THE STOCK RETURNS IN TEHRAN EXCHANGE STOCK ARE COUNFOUNDING AND INCONSISTENT. MOREVER EVIDENCE SHOWS THAT LIQUIDITY HAS POSITIVE EFFECTS ON INITIAL PRICING OF STOCK IN PUBLIC OFFERING AND FIRMS’ OPERATION (ADDED VALUE, TOBIN'S QRATIO). OTHER IMPORTANT CONSIQUENSE OF DECREASING THE STOCK LIQUIDATION IS APEARING BUBBLES IN TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE.

IN ATTRACTING CUSTOMERS, IT MUST BE CONFESSED, TODAY, MARKETING IN A BUSINESS SYSTEM AS A MASTER KEYTHAT THE CUSTOMER– ORBITAL IS ONE OF OF THE MOST IMPORTANT PART “ FINANCE BUSINESSES” IN A BUSINESS, ONE OF THE WAY OF CREATING A LONG - TERM RELATIONSHIP WITH CUSTOMER IS USING SOFT MARKETING, DEPENDS ON GROUP DYNAMICS; PERHAPS, ONLY USING SOFT MARKETING APPROACH WITH REGARD TO THE FIERCE COMPETITION BETWEEN THE BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS NOT SEEM LIKE ENOUGH, BUT IN THIS RESEARCH GROUP DYNAMICS, THE IMPACT OF THE OF POWER - VIEW AND LEADING ROLE IN LINE WITH THE SOFT MARKETING THAT MAKES SENSE AND IN LINE WITH RELATIONSHIP MARKETING, CONSIDERING THE ABILITY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SKILLS AND BUSINESS LEADERS ON MARKETING EMOTIONALLY, AND SUPPORT TO INFILTRATE INTO HIS MIND AND HEART, CUSTOMER LOYALTY. GROUP DYNAMIC THEORY VIEW POSITIVE INCENTIVE IN PERSON, A SENSE OF TRUST, AND COMMITMENT TO GROUP IN THE FORUM, THAT ALL OF THEM HAVE A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY, CREATING A MARKETING BASED ON MUTUAL TRUST IN THEIR MINDS IN THIS ARTICLE, TO LOOK AT THE IMPACT OF THE ORIGIN OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE GROUP ON THE MARKET, WHICH EVENTUALLY WILL REACH SUCCESS ON INNOVATION IN MARKETING, MARKETING NAME (MENTAL MARKETING). THIS PAPER IS HOPE IN TRADE, WITH THIS APPROACH IN THE AREA THE DYNAMICS OF THE GROUP, AND THE CREATION OF INNOVATION ON BEHAVIORAL INTENTIONS CUSTOMERS BE EFFECTIVE.

TODAY, THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF COMPANIES, WITH HIGH COMPETITION IN THE MARKET, IS NEED TO HAVE SOME INDICATORS, NEVERTHELESS ALREADY DO NOT A STUDY DEVELOPED IN THIS AREA, PARTICULARLY IN IRAN. ACCORDINGLY THIS STUDY WAS CONDUCTED WITH THE OBJECTIVE OF DETERMINED COMPREHENSIVE FACTORS AFFECTING THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES FROM IRAN. THE PRESENT RESEARCH WITH RESPECT TO METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION IS REGARDED AS DESCRIPTIVE-SURVEY AND WITH RESPECT TO OBJECTIVE IS REGARDED AS APPLIED RESEARCH THAT WHICH COLLECTED OPINIONS FROM 259 GENERAL MANAGER OF MANUFACTURING FACTORIES IN THE ESHTEHARD INDUSTRIAL PARK. IN ORDER TO COLLECT DATA USED OF SELF-MADE QUESTIONNAIRE BASED ON THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS. THE QUESTIONNAIRE WAS COMPOSED OF 6 FACTORS: ORGANIZATIONAL, TECHNICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND STRATEGIC FACTORS. RESULTS OF THE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) SHOWED THAT ORGANIZATIONAL, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL FACTORS ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT PARAMETERS FOR THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM COMPANIES OF IRAN.

THE ROLE AND PLACE OF ART IS INCREASINGLY RECOGNIZED IN THE LIFE. BUT ALL ARTS ARE CONSIDERED AS SUBSIDIARY AND MARGINAL ISSUES IN SCHOOLS. SINCE MANY YEARS, THE HIGHEST DAMAGE TO ART IS THAT WE ALLOW STUDENTS TO PASS THEIR TIME SIMPLY AND WITH NO PURPOSEFUL ACTIVITY DURING ART COURSES, AS IF WE LEFT THEM FREE DURING THIS COURSE. THE IMPORTANCE OF ART LESSON AND SERIOUS PROBLEMS IN THIS AREA HAVE LED US TO INVESTIGATE IN THE PRESENT STUDY, THESE LIMITATIONS AND PROBLEMS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TEACHERS AND BENEFIT FROM THEIR EXPERIENCES. THIS IS A STUDY WITH QUALITATIVE AND PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH. THE SAMPLES OF THE PRESENT STUDY CONSISTS OF ART TEACHERS OF THE FIRST YEAR OF SECONDARY SCHOOL IN THE CITY OF FEREYDAN WITH AT LEAST TWO HOURS OF TEACHING OF ART DURING THE SCHOOL YEAR 2015-2016 THE NUMBER OF THESE TEACHERS WAS 19; THESE TEACHERS PARTICIPATED IN THE STUDY IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE PRINCIPLE OF THEORETICAL SATURATION THROUGH SEMI-STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS. DATA WERE ANALYSED BY CODING METHOD. THE FINDINGS OF RESEARCH ABOUT PROBLEMS AND LIMITATIONS OF ART COURSE WERE CATEGORIZED INTO 9 MAIN SUBJECTS OF TEACHERS, MATERIALS, STUDENTS, PARENTS, EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT, AND EDUCATIONAL POLICIES. EACH OF THESE MAIN CATEGORIES WAS DIVIDED INTO SOME SUBSIDIARY SUB-CATEGORIES. THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT ISSUES SUCH AS THE LACK OF EXPERTISE AND NECESSARY SKILLS IN ART EDUCATION, ASSIGNMENT OF ART TEACHING TO NON-SPECIALIZED TEACHERS, INAPPROPRIATE CONTENT OF TEXTBOOKS, UNDERESTIMATING THE IMPORTANCE OF ART LESSON, DEVOTING ART CLASS TIME TO OTHER LESSONS, LACK OF TIME OF TEACHING AND PRACTICE, LACK OF FUNDS, LACK OF AWARENESS OF PARENTS FROM THE IMPORTANCE OF ART AND ALSO THE CONFUSION OF STUDENTS IN THE RECOGNITION OF THEIR FAVOURITE AREAS ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEMS OF ART COURSES IN THE SCHOOLS OF FEREYDAN CITY.

THIS STUDY WAS DONE TO INVESTIGATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTRACTIVENESS, BEING MULTIMEDIA AND ACCESSIBILITY OF ELECTRONIC BOOKS WITH ACADEMIC MOTIVATION. THIS STUDY WAS AN APPLIED RESEARCH, METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION WAS QUANTITATIVE AND IT WAS DESCRIPTIVE, INTRINSICALLY (NON-EXPERIMENTAL). STATISTICAL SOCIETY HAD BEEN FORMED OF 11000 HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AT ESFAHAN CITY IN 2015- 2016 ACADEMIC YEAR. FINALLY, 320 STUDENTS WERE SELECTED ACCORDING TO MORGAN TABLE. THE RESEARCH INSTRUMENT HAD BEEN COMPOSED OF THREE RESEARCHER CONSTRUCTED QUESTIONNAIRE INCLUDING ATTRACTIVENESS, ACCESSIBILITY MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS OF THE ELECTRONIC BOOKS AND LEARNING MOTIVATION. THE VALIDITY OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE WAS CONFIRMED BY TEN RELEVANT PROFESSORS AND EXPERTS. RELIABILITY OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE WAS OBTAINED BY CRONBACH'S ALPHA COEFFICIENTS 0.89, 0.92, 0.86, RESPECTIVELY. DATA ANALYSES WERE DONE BY SPSS SOFTWARE ACCORDING TO PEARSON CORRELATION AND REGRESSION METHODS. RESULTS INDICATED THAT ATTRACTIVENESS, BEING MULTIMEDIA AND ACCESSIBILITY HAD A POSITIVE AND SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP WITH ACADEMIC MOTIVATION. ACCESSIBILITY HAD HIGHEST IMPORTANCE (B=0.43), WHILE THE LOWEST IMPORTANCE WERE BELONGED TO BEING MULTIMEDIA BY B, 0.23.

IN THIS PAPER, WE EXAMINE THE SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE RATE, OIL PRICES AND MONETARY VARIABLE FLUCTUATIONS ON TRADING VALUE OF IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE (IME). DIFFICULTIES ANALYSIS OF PRICE BEHAVIOR IN FINANCIAL MARKETS BECAUSE OF THE INTERTWINING OF RELATIONS BETWEEN THESE SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY WITH OTHER SECTORS OF THE ECONOMY HAS CAUSED WIDE STUDIES DONE IN THIS FIELD IN RECENT YEARS ESPECIALLY WITH THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL MARKETS IN THE YEARS FOLLOWING THE 2007 FINANCIAL CRISIS). IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE AS A NEW ENTITY IN WHICH ALL COMMODITY PRODUCTS SUCH AS PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICALS, BASIC METALS AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS TRADE IN SPOT AND THE FUTURE CONTRACT FORM, WILL BE AFFECTED FROM VOLATILITY AND PRICE CHANGES. THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY, THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF STABLE LONG-TERM RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE VARIABLES OPEC OIL PRICE, UNOFFICIAL EXCHANGE RATE, LOAN, PRODUCER PRICE INDEX AND TRADING VALUE OF IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE. FOR THIS PURPOSE, TO THIS END, TESTS OF CONVERGENCE (CO-INTEGRATION) AND CAUSALITY OF VARIABLES HAVE BEEN USED FOR 5-YEAR PERIOD, FROM 1392: 1 TO 1395: 10. THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY BASED ON LONG-TERM RELATIONSHIP SHOW THAT AN INCREASE OF 1 PERCENT IN THE LOGARITHM OF UNOFFICIAL EXCHANGE RATE DECREASES 7.67 PERCENT OF THE LOGARITHM OF THE TRADING VALUE OF IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE. THE DIRECTION OF CAUSALITY IS FROM UNOFFICIAL EXCHANGE RATE TO TRADING VALUE OF IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE. MOREOVER, 1% INCREASE IN PPI LOGARITHM WILL INCREASE 2.17 PERCENT OF THE LOGARITHM OF THE TRADING VALUE OF IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE. THE DIRECTION OF CAUSALITY IS FROM TRADING VALUE OF IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE TO PPI. ESTIMATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SHORT-TERM ERROR CORRECTIONS FOR THE LOGARITHM OF TRADING VALUE OF IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE ALSO CONFIRMS STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT ERROR CORRECTION COMPONENT.

THE VALUE-ADDED TAX LAW IS THE MAIN FORM OF CONSUMPTION TAX AND SHOW AN INCREASING MERIT FOR TAX IN DEVELOPED FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD. ALSO, IT IS CONSIDERED AS AN IMPORTANT SOURCE FOR MANY GOVERNMENTS. THE AIM OF PRESENT STUDY CONDUCTED THROUGH LIBRARY RESEARCH, STATES TO LITERATURE REVIEW OF STRUCTURE AND TAX SYSTEM IN IRAN-VALUED-ADDED TAX LAW- AND GOVERNMENT HAS MADE OPTIMIZED EFFORTS IN RECENT YEARS. THE RESULTS OF STUDY REVEALED THAT USING AND APPROPRIATE APPLICATIONS OF VALUE-ADDED TAX LAW CAUSE TO CHANGE PROPERLY AND PROPEL COMMUNITY ECONOMY TOWARD OPTIMIZED CONDITION, IN ADDITION IT CAUSE TO FOSTER ECONOMY GROWTH.