business managment perspective
Year:2009 | Volume:8 | Issue:30|Papers Count:13

FCM models are cause and effect models that show relationship between essential components of complex systems. In this model, experts whom have experience and knowledge in research domain can identify relationship between factors and create the final model. If numbers of factors are increasing and researcher wants to classify factors in special domains, number of relationship will be increase and number of wrong decision will be increase and expert cannot identify correct relationship between factors. Therefore for solve this problem, it is necessary to design a method for classifying factors and identify correct relationship between them is different models that they have some similarity and same factors.

For a brand, the main source of creating value (both for the organization and customers) is in customers' minds. Thus, seeking to strengthen the brand, we have to focus on customers' minds. But, obviously, controling their minds would be impossible. Therefore, this case-study on the Mellat Bank sheds light on a causal relationship between the image of functional and nonfunctional benefits (which are created by different brand creation activities), and brand knowledge.Results show that there’s a strong positive correlation between functional benefits with brand knowledge, and it’s a cause that affects brand images. Thus, activities concerning the improvement of the images of functional benefits would have a great effect on brand equity.

Tourist attraction and satisfaction is one of the success factors in tourist industry. On the other hand, hotel industry is one of the key elements in this achievement which requires utilizing new technologies including customer relationship management (CRM). CRM is among those technologies that play a crucial role in customers’ retention, and maintaining their loyapties. But it should be noted that for every technology to be successful, there should be suitable fields for successful implementation.In this research, the successful implementation of CRM in Iranian hotel industry is surveyed using Gartners model. Important factors in successful implementation of CRM are recognized, and required data is gathered using a questionnaire. Findings indicated that hotel industry in Iran is essentially not performing well regarding factors such as changes in customer life cycle, gathering and analyzing information and transforming it to the knowledge for hotel planning, using new methods like well designed websites, continuous relationships with active and inactive customers. on the other hand hotel industry in Iran has great strength regarding factors such as :top management commitment to long term  customer attraction and retention , customer feedback, employees skills, and cost-benefit analysis. Finally it can be concluded that hotel industry in Iran possess's great potentials in successful customer relationship management implementation.

The service sector has an important contribution in economic growth. This has led us to consider the improvement of the level of service quality especially in the hotel industry. On of the best ways to get to the excellent service quality is to perceive the front line employees behaviors in interaction with customers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the direct effect of organizational citizenship behavior on service quality at hotel Pars in Mashhad. Structural equation modeling is applied to survey the data of hotel’s personnel and it’s customers. The results do not support the direct effect of organizational citizenship behavior and it’s dimensions on the service quality.

According to literature, value of an asset is equal to the net present value of future cash flows expected from that asset. Therefore, it appears that historical data would not dictate to determine the value of an asset. But, it is witnessed in the market that investors make their decisions based on the historical financial statements [2]. Meanwhile, Stewart [8] claims that economic value added, which is calculated using historical data, can precisely determine the market value added and, therefore, we should cease using other yardsticks such as accounting net profit. On this basis, first it was attempted to test this claim in the Tehran Stock Exchange Secondly, determine what is the relative degree of workability of this measure with the accounting net profit, which is a simple and traditional yardstick. The result indicates that in the Tehran Stock Exchange, both the economic value added, and the accounting net profit are weak and inefficient measures in determining the market value added.

Overconfidence is a cognitive bias when people make decision under risky Situation. This bias is the result of slow and noisy feedback of making decision, so that people can not realize their skills and abilities. This leads to overcomfidence of people. This paper is trying to find this bias among the investors of Tehran Exchange Market. One of the indicators of overconfidence is the increasing trading volume of investors after attaining returns. We use Vector Autoregression's model for examining this relationship among investors. Market turnover and return are endogenous variables and market dispersion and volatility are exogenous variables of the model. We examine this model with weekly and monthly variables. Our results indicate that there is no relationship between weekly market turnover and lagged market returns, and there is significant relationship between the monthly variable but its coefficient is very low. Then we examine this relationship with individual securities. For this purpose, we used Panel Vector Autoregression with monthly variables. In this model we were looking for a relationship among individual turnover and lagged returns and market returns. The result of the model for individual securities shows that there is no relationship between these variables. At the end we can conclude if there were any limitations in Tehran Exchange Market, there is no overconfidence among investors.

Downsizing can be defined as staff reduction, function elimination, cost reduction or systems and policies redesigning. In this want we must be note that by implementing of downsizing a set of problem may be appeared and this method same as other has negative effect same as positive. Also by recognition of negative effect of downsizing next question is that human resource and behavioral part of an organization what can do?In this research in primary this negative effect is recognized an then this effect is reduced by exploratory factor analysis .finally the correlation among all of variable is calculated and analyzed.

Nowadays, seeking and struggling reach to a more suitable condition is necessary in complicated rapidly changing business environments .So, various strategies (such as strategic planning, strategic management and etc) have great a importance. In this research, the strategic position of an organization has been considered. In the first phase, the Delta model, as a new strategic model, for recognizing the strategic position of organizations was used, so that the organization's share of each alternatives of Delta model would be specified. In next phase, the system dynamic method was used for presenting a clearer concept of the position and relationship between organization and its environment. Based on this method, the Tehran oil refining company was studied. Two questionnaires were designed to cparify the organization's strategic position by analyzing the top expert's answers. In addition, by using the system dynamic method and surveying literature, the dynamic model of organization strategic position was illustrated by a casual loop and a flow chart. After that, different directorial policies were analyzed by Vensim software.

The purpose of this research was to study the dimensions of organizational structure of public universities and teachers training centers in the Isfahan province based on Stephen Robbins' theory. The research questions were aimed at comparing the degree of complexity, formalization and centralization in these institutions. The research method was a descriptive survey type, and the statistical sample consisted of 115 chancellors, vice chancellors and department chairpersons in 1385-86 which were selected randomly with a sample ranging from 21 to 94 from the teachers, training centers and universities, respectively. Data was selected by Robbins' questionnaires consisting of three subscales for complexity, formalization and centralization dimensions. The finding indicated that there is a significant difference between the organizational structures of the two groups of institutions. The complexity level in public universities was higher than that of teachers training centers, while the level of formalization and centralization in training center was higher than that of the universities. In sum, the ranking of the three dimensions of organizational structure revealed that the lowest factor in the centers was related to complexity, and in the universities, it was related to centralization and highest in the both groups was related to formalization.

Electronic government, as a term, is using information technology, especially the internet, to give public services, which is more customers friendly, beneficial, and on the whole very different and better. Electronic government can be defined as the acceptance of any information and communication technology by government.It goes without saying that electronic state is one of the key issues in an information-oriented society which signifies the provision of circumstances that enables governments to present their services to the citizens. Plenty of nations are paying special attention to the concept of electronic state and its establishment. Governments regard this notion as an attempt to modernize or rectify the engineering structure of a state. Also, electronic government necessitates the implementation of essential alterations which instigates major challenges. This article considers the Electronic government conditions, and studies its foresights in Iran. A description of various variables such as conceptual models, communication and physical infrastructures, with special attention of state government concepts is given.