Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2016 | Volume:15 | Issue:2|Papers Count:17

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of circuit resistance exercise training on metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetics men.Subjects and Methods: Twenty seven types 2 diabetic men of ahvaz city selected as subjects and were randomly assigned into two exercise (n=15, aged 46.40±3.02 yrs) and control (n=12, aged 45.06±3.86 yrs) groups. Exercise training was performed for eight weeks, 3 days a week with intensity corresponding to 30-70% 1 Repition Maximum. Before and after exercise anthropometeric and biochemical factors after a 12-h fasting were measured. Statistical analysis was carried out using T-test, at significance level of P£0.05.Result: Finding showed a significant reduction in fasting glucose, HbA1c, fructosamine, insulin, HOMA-IR and significant increase in HDL-c, in the exercise group compared to pre-exercise and control groups (P£0.05). While, there was no significant change in triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c in the exercise group compared to pre-exercise and control groups (P£0.05).Conclusion: It seems circuit resistance training can improve glycemic profile, insulin resistance and increased levels of HDL as a useful indicator of cardiovascular function in men with type 2 diabetes.

Background and Objective: Dental anomalies could be congenital, developmental or acquired which include different variations in number, size, growth pattern and morphology of normal teeth. In order to distinguish these disorders, in addition to clinical observations, para-clinical investigations like radiography are necessary. Panoramic radiography allows easy viewing anomalies, Pathology and maxillofacial lesions can lead to detection of incidental findings in patients who have been admitted for initial examination. Evaluation of incidental findings of dental anomalies and pathology of pediatric patients in panoramic pattern was the purpose of this study.Subjects and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used panoramic radiographs from 150 pediatric patients who were referred to Radiology department at Dental School of Ahvaz Jundishapur in 2013. In order to reduce misinterpretation of radiographic pictures, two independent observers reported the results separately. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test.Results: There was no significant relationship between type of anomaly and sex. However, there was a significant relationship between the type of anomaly and involved jaw (please provide data on the types of anomalities in relation to jaw invoved) (RESULTS ARE: DATA).Conclusion: Panoramic iadiography is a valuable radiography for detecting many of teeth anomaly in initial examination especially in pediatric patients. Also state the predominant abnormalities observed in each jaw

Background and Objective: This study compared shear bond strength of metal brackets to the teeth restored with silorane and methacrylate-based composites after different surface treatments.Subjects and Methods: After cavity preparation on the buccal surfaces of 112 acrylic central teeth and etching; the specimens were restored with Filtek Z-250 (methacylate base) or Filtek P-90 (silorane base) composites. Surface treatments were done by the diamond bur+acid etch, diamond bur+acid etch+silane, air abrasion and air abrasion+silane. The brackets were bonded to the teeth and after thermal cycles; shear bond strength of the brackets to composites were calculated by the universal testing machine. Data were analyzed with one-sided ANOVA and Tukey test was used for paired comparison regarding surface treatments. Non parametric Kruscal-Wallis test was used for evaluation of ARI index.Results: The mean shear bond strength of brackets to teeth restored with Filtek Z-250 after treatments of diamond bur+acid etch, diamond bur+acid etch+silane, air abrasion and air abrasion+silane were 16.36±5.32, 13.11±4.08, 12.74±5.21 and 13.16±3.82 MPa respectively. The values for the Filtek P-90 were 11.7±3.54, 8.2±3.25, 10.41±2.25 and 10.56±3.04 MPa. In all treatment methods, adequate bond strengths created between the brackets and composite surfaces. On the Filtek P-90, bond strength for diamond bur+acid etch was significantly more than diamond bur+acid etch+silane (P<0.02).Conclusion: Bond strength of the brackets to the silorane in relation to methacrylate was lower but acceptable. For this reason and due to lower remaining adhesive after debonding; the bonding of brackets to the teeth restored with silorane was acceptable in all methods.

Background and Objective: Iron is essential element in the body and has important role in function and development of nervous system and is effective on caries reduction. Iron deficiency can lead to anemia, lethargy, immune system deficiency and reduction in learning and cognitive processes.The purpose of this research was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and behavior of the parents of 4 months to 2 years old children, towards the effects of using iron supplements on tooth staining and dental caries in their children.Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 198 parents attending health centers of Ahvaz.The questionnaire was developed from past researches of research and consisted 4 main parts (demographic information, knowledge, attitude, behavior). Data from the questionnaire were statistically analyzed by descriptive-analytical tests (Ttest, Tukey, Pearson and Spearman).Results: The mean of attitude was 2.95, knowledge 2.93, and behavior 2.05, respectively. Main variables had no significant relation with parent’s age. But the behavior of responders was significant in regard to mothers’ education (r=0.23) and fathers’ education (r=0.28) and knowledge of responders was significant in regard to mothers education (r=0.22). The knowledge and attitude had significant relationship (r=0.22) (P<0.01).Conclusion: The parents’ knowledge and awareness in regards to use of iron supplement was moderate. But their behavior in consumption was poor and needs more attention.

Background and Objective: Elongation and calcification of the stylohyoid ligament complex (SLC) which might be correlated with Eagle’s syndrome could cause facial pain or dysphasia. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of stylohyoid ligament complex elongation by panoramic radiographs of patients.Subjects and Methods: Radiography samples during 2012 and 2013 (396 patients) were inspected from the Radiology Department of Faculty of Dentistry at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The calcified stylohyoid ligament complexes were measured from the cranial base up to the osseous tip of each process. Mineralization of the complex at 25 mm length on the radiograph was considered to be normal while more than this length was taken as ossification of stylohyoid ligament Results: Stylohyoid ligament ossification was observed in both sexes, but it was more prevalent in men (72.1%) than women (66.2%) (P<0.05). The calcified stylohyoid ligament complexes were found in 272 out of 396 (68.7%) patients, with an average length of 36 mm. The elongation of bilateral ligaments was found in 63.4% of cases. The difference in average length of SLC was not meaningful for all age and sex groups except for the age group of 55 years old in female at right side (p<0.05).Conclusion: The elongation of calcified stylohyoid ligament complexes is prevalent in Ahvazian population (68.7%) and is more prevalent in men than women.

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the marginal adaptation of Ttric N-Ceram Bulk Fill Filled restorations with two curing units: conventional full name (LED) and third generation LED.Subjects and Methods: Sixty premolar teeth divided in 4 groups (n=15) Standardizes cavies prepared in one proximal Surface of teeth. Cavities restored with two posterior composites; Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill and photo core. Each composite cured with a conventional LED curing unit and a third generation of LED curing unit. The adhesive applied to all groups was single Bond 2. The restored ns were aged and stored in fushin. After sectioning, dye penetration was investigated under the stereomicroscope (scale -0-3*25). man Whitney and Krustal-Wallis tests were used to analyzed the data (p<0.05) Results: All groups showed dye penetration at the gingival margin of the cavities. No significant difference was found between two composites and the type of curing units.Conclusion: Posterior small to medium cavies with the depth of 4 mm can be restored with Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Full. Either conventional or third generation LED curing can be used to cure this composite.

Background and Objectives: Mental and physical status of veterans with PTSD may affect their mental health their spouses. Secondary trauma is a common syndrome in spouses of PTSD veterans and its treatment and prevention can help to improve the mental status of veterans' spouses and their families. The aim of this study was to compare cognitive-behavioral techniques training and schemes-based training on the adjustment of secondary trauma symptoms among the spouses of veterans with post-traumatic syndrome disorder (PTSD).Subjects and Methods: This study was a pretest-posttest with control group clinical trial. The sample consisted of spouses of veterans with PTSD admitted at Sadr Psychiatric Hospital in Tehran. To select the samples, screening was first carried out and spouses with higher secondary trauma scale (STS) scores (at least 38) in secondary trauma were selected and then randomly allocated into two experimental groups and one control group (n=11 in each). Data were analyzed with MANCOVA test.Results: The results showed that both methods of schema-based training and cognitive-behavioral techniques training is led to reduce secondary trauma symptoms and its components (arousal, intrusion and avoidance) in spouses of veterans with PTSD (P<0.05) and there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two methods in reducing the symptoms of secondary trauma.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, two methods of cognitive-behavioral training and schema-based training cause the adjustment of symptoms of secondary trauma and its components (arousal, intrusion and avoidance) and using both methods is recommended to psychologists and therapists.

Background and Objective: The goal of this studying was evaluation of anticancer and anti-oxidant properties of four types of extracts from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L) spongy tissue on colon cancer cells Caco-2.Subjects and Methods: The phytochemicals of spongy tissues of pomegranate were identified by phytochemical methods. In order to evaluate cytotoxic and anti-oxidant characteristics, ethanolic and n-hexane extracts from pomegranate spongy tissues were collected, using Soxhlet apparatus and maceration methods. The effects of these extracts on Caco-2 colon cancer cells were evaluated using MTT, NBT and TBA tests, as well as catalase enzyme levels.Results: The photochemical analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids, tannin, alkaloid, terpenoides, aldehyde, ketones and vitamin C compounds, but no steroids, saponins and protein were detected. The results of MTT showed the least cell survival value of treated cancerous cell was obtained with n-hexane-derived extract extract using Soxhlet method. Furthermore, NBT results demonstrated that the n-hexane extract using Soxhlet method exhibited peroxidant characteristics and droves the cancerous cells toward apoptosis. On the other hand, TBA results showed that the highest cytotoxicity belonged to n-hexane extract by Soxhlet and ethanolic extract by maceration method respectively. The highest catalase enzyme activity was observed in treatment by maceration ethanolic extract.Conclusion: The existence of several compounds with pro-apoptotic properties in the extracts of spongy tissues of pomegranate propose the notion that using the compounds of these extracts alone or in combination with chemotherapy may be beneficial in treatment of colon cancer.

Background and Objective: Body fitness is very important in prevention of many chronic diseases. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of disorders that many women suffer from during reproductive years. This study tried to assess anthropometric indices and some lifestyle factors in students with PMS symptoms and compared them with healthy counterparts.Subjects and Methods: Eighty six students at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences participated in this study, PMS was determined by diagnostic criteria of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and accordingly students were divided in two groups, healthy and affected by PMS. General information, physical activity and intake of different food groups were determined by related questionnaires and anthropometric indices were measured in both groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 17.0.Results: The first degree relatives of students with PMS symptoms were also significantly suffered from PMS. Weight and hip circumference were significantly lower in students with PMS symptoms (P=0.041 and P=0.022 respectively). In all participants, significant negative relationship between waist to hip ratio and menstrual cycle (P=0.002, r=-0.33) was observed.Conclusion: Both underweight and overweight are factors affecting on general health, so considering the findings, an appropriate weight maintenance and body fitness were recommended to reduce PMS symptoms.

Background and Objective: Pre-treatment of the tooth surface with chlorhexidine may decrease the harmful effects of the residual bacteria in the cavity. This study determined the effects of chlorhexidine and chlorhexidine and fluoride on the microtensible bond strength of two-stage self-etch adhesives to the dentin.Subjects and Methods: In this in vitro trial, 20 extracted human molars were cut and after dentin exposure; were assigned to 4 groups. With or without the application of chlorhexidine, self-etch adhesives of Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil Liner Bond F were applied to the dentin surface and the teeth were restored with composite. The teeth were stored at 37 °C and 100% moisture for 1 week and received 5000 thermal cycles. Sections with the dimensions of 1×1×10 mm were obtained from teeth. The sections glued to the jig of the microtensile testing machine and their microtensile bond strengths were recorded.Results: No significant differences were found in terms of microtensile bond strengths with and without the application of chlorhexidine for the Clearfil SE Bond (17.88±5.73 vs. 20.53±4.22 MPa) and Clearfil Liner Bond F adhesives (32.09±9.48 vs.32.03±6.93 MPa). The analysis of variance and Tukey test was used to analyze relationships among variables.Conclusion: Due to the antimicrobial properties of chlorhexidine and insignificant effects of its application on the microtensile bond strength; it was recommended to be used with the two-step self-etch adhesives in clinical conditions.

Background and Objectives: The difference of calculated dose by treatment planning system (TPS) and real dose distribution in patient body is related to calculating algorithms of TPS, and this difference is more evident in heterogeneous tissues like lung. In this study dose distribution was calculated by two algorithms of Isogray TPS and compared to dose distribution calculated by Monte Carlo simulation in water and lung.Subjects and Methods: In this study, the percentage depth dose (PDD) curves resulting from different algorithms of Isogray TPS were compared by data from simulation in homogeneous water tissue. The difference between dose distribution calculated by Isogray TPS algorithm and CT2MCNP program were obtained and accuracy of mentioned algorithm were evaluated in lung.Results: The difference between simulation results and results of TPS algorithms including collapsed cone, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) convolution and superposition in heterogeneous lung tissue was calculated 5%, 6% and 7%, respectively. In the maximum dose, The obtained difference was 7 % with the same algorithms. no significant differences in the water between simulation results and results of TPS algorithms were observed. and the difference was obtained less than 1%.Conclusion: In clinical treatment, there was significant difference in dose calculation by TPS algorithm in heterogeneous lung tissue. But this difference was negligible in homogeneous tissues.

Muscle cramps occur in 33 to 86% of patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) during hemodialysis (HD) and often lead to early termination of HD sessions and are therefore of significant cause of inadequate dialysis among these patients.They usually involve the muscles of the lower extremity, but other muscles including hands, arms, and abdomen may also be affected. Although, the exact etiology of cramps during HD is unknown, however changes in plasma osmolality, extracellular fluid volume depletion, tissue hypoxia, hypomagnesaemia and carnitine deficiency have been implicated.Treatment of dialysis-associated cramps is directed at two goals: prevention or at least reducing the frequency of cramps and relieving symptoms when they occur. Minimization of inter-dialysis weight gains, increasing dialysis treatment time to reduce ultrafiltration rate, prevention of dialysis-associated hypotension and the use of high concentrations of sodium in the dialysate, carnitine supplementation, and administration of gabapentin may prevent or at least reduce the number of attacks of muscle cramps. For relieving symptoms, administration of hypertonic saline and or 50% dextrose are equally effective; however hypertonic dextrose may be the preferred option among those HD patients without diabetes.