Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2016 | Volume:15 | Issue:3|Papers Count:12

Background and Objective: Regarding the possible leakage of the bacteria in the cavity; the use of antibacterial agents such as chlorhexidine in the adhesive restorations has been proposed.However, the effect of this process on the long-term bond strength to the dentin has not been studied completely. This study assessed the effects of chlorhexidine on the dentine micro-shear bond strength of two-stage self-etch adhesives with and without fluoride after 6-month storage in water.Subjects and Methods: In this in vitro study, 40 extracted human mandibular third molars were obtained and after dentin exposure and polishing with silicone carbide for standard smear layer preparation; they were assigned into 4 groups. With or without using chlorhexidine adhesives of Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil Liner Bond F were applied to the dentin surface and the teeth were restored with Z250 composite. The teeth were incubated for 6 months at 37oC temperature and 100% moisture and received 1000 thermal cycles. The micro shear bond strength of the specimens was determined and their fracture patterns were determined by streomicroscope. The data were analyzed by one-sided analysis of variances test while the paired comparisons were done by Tukey test.Results: Application of chlorhexidine at dentin surface since performing by adhesive sel-fetch did not cause any seriouse adverse effects on bond strength. Mean±standard deviation of the bond strength values with and without the application of chlorhexidine for the Clearfil SE Bond were 20.66±3.27 and17.48±7.11 MPa. The figures were 31.63±7.33 and 31.42±11.39 MPa for Clearfil Liner Bond F adhesive (P>0.05).Conclusion: Because of antibaterial effect of chlorhexidine and having no negative effect on bond strength; surface preparation with this agent beside using fluoride-containing adhesives is suggested to eradicate the existing bacteria and decreases microleakage in the clinical condition without compromising bond strerngth.

Background and Objective: Hematological indices lot of physiological changes in the body to create, may exercise brings through its effect on these indicators, can improve the diseases associated with these indicators, including cardiovascular disease is effective.This paper aims to compare the effect of two intensity aerobic exercises on some hematological indexes in overweight elderly men.Subjects and Methods: fifteen overweight male subjects, residing in Ahvaz nursing house (aged 66.2±3.6 years; BMI, 29.31±2.37 kg/m2) purposefully and voluntarily participated in the research. In the first session, subjects’ anthropometric indexes, body composition, and the Peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) (by adjusted Bruce exercise test) were measured. In the second and third sessions, after at least 10 hr fasting, subjects ran on treadmill for two 30-minute sessions at 1week interval according to a transverse plan with low (VO2 peak 45%) moderate (VO2 peak 65%) intensities. Blood samples were collected before and after each exercise plan for measure hematological indexes.Results: the results showed that moderate intensity exercise significantly raised the hemoglobin level and the number of red and white blood cells and hematocrits (p£0.05). However, in low intensity exercise no significant change was observed in the hemoglobin level and the number of red and white blood cells and hematocrits (P³0.05).Conclusion: Aerobic exercises with moderate intensity can better improve hematological indexes among old overweight men than with low intensity.

Background and Objective: Achieving a strong bond between composite resin and dentin remains a challenge in restorative dentistry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 2% chlorhexidine (as a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor), grape seed extract and proanthocyanidin (as a cross-linking agents to further stabilize collagen fibrils) on the dentin bond strength.Subjects and Methods: The occlusal enamel was removed from 35 human sound premolars and dentin surfaces etched with phosphoric acid and washed with water. Teeth were allocated into seven groups: chlorhexidine, grape seed extract, proanthocyanidin, chlorhexidine plus grape seed extract, chlorhexidine plus proanthocyanidin, ethanol (the solvent of grape seed extract), and left unexposed to any solution (control). Then, a resin composite restoration was made on the dentin surface after using etch-and-rinse adhesive.The micro tensile bond strength (mTBS) of the specimens was analyzed after three month of storage in distilled water and 1500 thermocycles.Results: Multivariate analysis of variance and t-test showed that control group had a higher bond strength and chlorhexidine plus grape seed extract group had a lowest bond strength than another groups. According to variance analysis chlorhexidine and grape seed extract and proanthocyanidin had comprising effect on dentin bond strength.Conclusion: Use of chlorhexidin, grape seed extract and proanthocyanidin did not increase the composite-dentine micro tensile bond strength.

Background and Objective: Quality of DNA is usually determined by multiple factors such as pollution especially caused by RNA, protein, lipid and other structures that inhibit Taq polymerase enzyme in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and inhibit the cutting enzymes. The existence of phenolic compounds and other secondary metabolites has many effects on the quantity and quality of the purified DNA. At this investigation, in terms of quality and quantity with an efficient method for purification of DNA from S. marianum L. plant leaves, taking into account existing limitations to be provided.Subjects and Methods: In this study quantitative and qualitative comparison between two DNA extraction methods namely sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and a modified cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), were undertaken. The quantity of extracted DNA was determined by measurement of the absorption rate in wavelengths of 260 and 280 nm and their ratios by spectrophotometer. For investigate DNA quality the existence of RNA fracture was evaluated by agarose gel.Results: In terms of quantity and quality, for DNA extraction from S. marianum Populations, CTAB method had low performance While, SDS method showed appropriate performance in terms of quantity, quality and purity of extracted DNA.Conclusion: ANOVA of samples revealed that the purification method, races and their interaction is very significant and showed that the purification of the races and their interaction had an impact on the quality of purified DNA. The 280A/260A ratio that is more than 2 indicates the presence of RNA and DNA degradation. Also if this ratio is less than 1.8 Indicating the presence of protein contamination in DNA. In genetic engineering researches and genetic studies, the suitable methods for DNA purifying are those that get higher quantity and quality of net DNA. Many studies carried out on medicinal plants and plants which contain high level of polyphenol and polysaccharide compounds showed that CTAB method and other methods that are technically same to CTAB have better efficiency. CTAB as a detergent can form complex with the DNA and can separate it from carbohydrates and proteins. The remaining polysaccharides are removed by concentrated NaCl.

Background and Objective: Migraine is the main cause of disabilitating headaches.Sleep disorders are important stimulating factors of migraine. This study performed to determine the influence of sleep management program on headache indexes in migraine patients.Subjects and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study in 2013, 60 patients with migraine who referred to professional clinic of Razi hospital of Ghaemshahr, were examined in two experimental and control groups (with randomly allocation). Research tools included demographic data questionnaire, headache indexes questionnaire and the Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire. Four one-hour sessions of sleep management educational plan was performed for experimental group. Headache indexes and sleep quality measured before and one month after program performance and compared with control untrained? group. Statistical evaluation was done using paired-test and compared by independent t-test.Results: The means of headache frequency in experimental group significantly decreased and sleep quality improved after intervention (P<0.05). However, the intensity and duration of headache after the intervention did not change significantly (P>0.05).Conclusion: The presentfindings suggest that sleep management program is an effective way to reduce the frequency of migraine attacks.

Background and Objective: In addition to the physical effects of cancer treatment, other problems such as psychological, cognitive, sexual dysfunction are faced constantly concerning cancer recurrence. Therefore the present study was unsertaken in order to clarify the influence of group cognitive-behavioral counseling on self-concept and depression in women with breast cancer.Subjects and Methods: Study population of the study comprised women with breast cancer in Shiraz in 2013.Sampling method was based on available and the sample size consisted of 30 subjects. Users were randomly assigned to two 15-subject experimental and control groups. Quasi-experimental research design was as a pre-test, post-test and one-month follow-up test in both groups. The method used was Beck Depression questionnaire and Rogers self-concept Group counseling was conducted for 10 sessions, for the experiment group. Then the post-test was performed in both groups. After one month, the two groups took a follow-up test. These results were kept until the tracking stage.Results: Among women with breast cancer by controlling the pre- test group and control group in terms of self-concept and in terms of depression, significant differences were observed (P<0.0001). These results were maintained at follow- up.Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral group counseling, results in training that can lead to replacement of irrational thoughts with rational ones and causes improvement in self-concept and reduction in depression in women with breast cancer.

Background and Objectives: Nowadays, due to the public’s altered expectations from the dentists and their demand for quality dental services and other factors, the willingness of dentists to continue their education has been strengthened. This study was aimed to evaluate and compare the interest rates of the dentistry students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS) for pursuing a specialty.Subjects and Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in March 2016. The population of the study included all 484 students studying for a professional doctorate of dentistry. Sampling was based on the distribution of questionnaires among all students out of whom 118 from the school of dentistry and 58 from the autonomous campus completed the questionnaires. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage, average, normality test of Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney nonparametric test to compare the average were employed using SPSS21.Results: This study showed that 59% of students were willing to study (1.08±2.36). No significant difference was found between the school of dentistry and the autonomous campus (P=0.870) or between females and males (P=0.291).Conclusion: The factors contributing to these results include: better economic opportunity, access to more and better work, and better social position. In addition, among the factors that lead students not to pursue their studies are getting exhausted, problems associated with passing the professional exam and starting a practice immediately after graduation.

Background and Objective: Intensive care units (ICU) are more risky for nosocomial infections. Hand hygiene compliance of ICU health workers is important to control nosocomial infections. This study carried out to determine hand hygiene compliance rate among ICU health workers of Golestan hospital, Ahwaz, Iran.Subjects and Methods: The study was a descriptive-cross sectional one. The study carried out in Dec 2013 in ICU of Golestan hospital. Health workers were physicians, nurses and other workers. Observation for hand hygiene behavior of health workers was blind. Sample collection was based on randomized observations for hand hygiene opportunities.Results: Results shown hand hygiene compliance rate of health workers was 211 out of 369 opportunities (57.2 %). Hand hygiene compliance rate among physicians was 12%, for nurses 63% and for other works 67%. Most frequent method used was gloves wearing with 27.2%.Conclusion: Hand hygiene compliance rate of health workers in ICU of Golestan hospital was low. These findings suggest that onjob training of ICU health-care team need to be undertaken.

Background and Objective: Snake venoms comprise complex mixtures of enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins and small organic compounds. Hyaluronidase is a constant factor in the venom of the snake and is known as a spreading factor. This factor facilitate spread of toxins that harm into the blood circulation system.In this paper, we describe the determination of hyaluronidase activity in Iranian Vipera lebetina venom.Subjects and Methods: Hyaluronidase activity was assayed turbidometrically on hyaluronic acid. Turbidity reducing activity was expressed as a percentage of the hydrolysed hyaluronate, taking the absorbance of a tube as 100% in which no enzyme was added. Bovin testis hyaluronidase was used as standard.Results: The optima PH and temperature for hyaluronidase maximum activity was 6 and 37oC respectively.Conclusion: In conclusion the Iranian Vipera lebetina venom possessed considerable hyaluronidase activity.

Background and objective: Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are unpleasant experiences for children and necessitate to be treated as soon as possible. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the general dental practitioners (GDPs) knowledge and attitude regarding the emergency management of TDI in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2014-2015.Subjects and Method: In this study a two-part questionnaire was distributed among 100 GDPs. Part 1 focusing on demographic information and part 2 asked questions about different dental injuries. One score was dedicated to each correct answer; the total score of 10 to 30 was considered as low knowledge and attitude, while scores 30-50, 50-70 and up to 70 were assigned as moderate, good and high knowledge and attitude, respectively. The data were analyzed using variance analysis and t-test.Results: With regards to the level of GDP’s knowledge, the mean score was 59.2%, out of a total of 100, 51% of the dentists showed a good level of knowledge. A significant association was found between knowledge and attitude of GDPs in their practice that were encountered and treated TDI (P=0.001).Conclusion: The overall knowledge of GDPs about the management of TDI in the selected community was good.

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to asses and document the functional outcome and quality of life (QoL) in intertrochanteric fractures, one of three types of hip farctures requiring surgical treatment. These fractures have high mortality rate and can lead to discomfort and disability, and affect quality of life of patients. On this base we planned this comprehensive study to assess the quality of life among hospitalized patients in Imam Khomeini hospital, the main center of Orthopedic in the South West of the Iran.Subjects and Methods: Eighty one intertrochanteric fracture cases were enrolled in this study and their follow-up was conducted to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) based on SF36 questionnaire. In addition, demographic data and clinical information include surgical procedures and the time between fractures and surgical treatments (fracture interval to surgery) were collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS V22 software.Results: Average quality of life for patients based on questionnaires was 48.5±17.7. Quality of life in patients with age, economic status of patients and fracture-surgery interval were statistically significant. Multiple regression analysis showed that age, economic status of patients and fracture-surgery interval were significantly related to quality of life (P<0.001, P<0.0001, P<0.001 respectivel).Conclusion: The QoL of patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture is moderate to low. These results show requiring follow-up and care as well as psychosocial support for patients especially in the older patients.