Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2016 | Volume:15 | Issue:1|Papers Count:18

Background and Objective: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a commonmedical disorder which is more prevalent in patients with coronaryartery disease (CAD). Several mutual risk factors exist between EDand CAD; therefore ED has been recognized as CAD risk equivalent. The purpose of this study was to assess internal pudendal arteryangiographic findings in patients with CAD and ED.Subjects and Methods: Forty male candidate for coronary arteryangiography who suffered from ED were included in this study. Theparticipants' ED was evaluated by Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM), a five question version of the International Index of ErectileFunction (IIEF) questionnaire. After coronary artery angiography, inthe same session patients underwent selective pelvic arteryangiography.Results: A relationship was seen between the severity of ED and thenumber of coronary arteries with atherosclerosis (P=0.028).Furthermore, a direct relationship was also seen between theprobability of atherosclerosis in pelvic arteries and severity of ED (P=0.017). Atherosclerosis of pelvic arteries was more prevalent inpatients with 2 and 3VD (P=0.03) and also in patients with diabetes (P=0.023).Conclusions: Although the prevalence of ED is high in patients withCAD, atherosclerosis of pelvic arteries is not common in thesepatients; and most lesions in their pelvic arteries were seen in internalpudendal arteries. Severe ED suggests severe coronary arteryinvolvement and of all standard risk factors only diabetes had a directrelationship with atherosclerosis of pelvic arteries.

Background and Objectives: Escherichia coli causes intestinal and extra intestinal diseases and is a major cause of diarrhea in children in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular identity of pathogenic E.coli isolated from clinical samples by the Multiplex PCR.Subjects and Methods: In this cross-sectional study 150 stool samples collected from hospitals in West Tehran and biochemical tests (TSI, SIM, MR& VP) were used to identify E. coli species. Identification of genes pathovar diarrheal was carried out by use of multiplex PCR assay. Statistical data was performed with SPSS version 19, using (kruskal–Wallis oneway analysis of variance) descriptive statistical analysis.Results: A total of 55 of isolated clinical samples were identify as E. coli. Gene stx1 was not identified in any of the samples. Among the identified genes, the highest frequency of responsible gene was stx2 with 12.72% and the lowest was for IPaH gene with 1.81%.Conclusion: Frequency more Stx2 than other genes gene studied in this research can be seen as a major factor in causing diarrhea caused by E. coli. Multiplex PCR method can be in the shortest period of time with high specificity and sensitivity to the presence of disease-causing genes discovered and be prevented With appropriate and timely treatment of the creation of resistant strains and transmission of these genes in the human population.

Background and Objective: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's and ulcerative colitis is a complex multifactorial disease with unknown exact cause. This study investigated the epidemiological features and clinical manifestations of IBD referred to GIT specialists in the city of Ahvaz, Iran.Subjects and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, from Sep 2013 to May 2015, 115 patients with confirmed diagnosis of IBD included 35 patients with Crohn’s disease and 80 patients with ulcerative colitis were evaluated. Data collection was based on a prepared patient questionnaire and Chi square test analyzed by spss software ver 22.Result: The mean and±SD age of patients at diagnosis was 26.09±10.69 and 30.09±9.84 yr in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn' disease respectively. Women were the dominant sex in both diseases. In Crohn's disease, enteric phenotype had the highest percentage (42.9%) and in terms of the behavior of the disease, inflammatory was 80% more common. In patients with ulcerative colitis in terms of feature, pancolitis with 46.25% was more than others. In comparison between Crohn' disease and ulcerative colitis significant differences observed for pain in the back P=0.004, blood in the stool P=0.017, headache P=0.004 and age P<0.001 The frequency of all these four features among patients with ulcerative colitis were significantly higher than among Crohn's disease patients.Conclusions: The finding of this study demonstrated that among IBD patients in our area, enteric phenotype and inflammatory behavior in Crohn's disease and pancolitis phenotyp in ulcerative colitis e are more prevalent.

Background and Objective: After reperfusion following focal ischemia, free radicals are created, causing cell death. Salviaofficinalis contains antioxidant compounds that may prevent cell death process. For this reason, we will examine the protective effect of Salvia officinalis extracts of infarct volume and neurological deficit caused by ischemic stroke.Subjects and Methods: In this experimental study, 35 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 7 rats in each group. The control group received distilled water, three groups received intraperitoneally hydroalcoholic extracts of Salvia officinalis respectively with doses of 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg for 21 days. Four experimental groups underwent 60 min middle cerebral artery occlusion. Two hours after the last administration of Salvia extracts, middle cerebral occlusion was induced. Then, infarct volume and neurologic deficits were analyzed. Sham operated groups were not pretreated before induction of brain ischemia.Results: The results of this study showed that all three doses of the extract reduced the amount of infarct volume in the core, penumbra and subcortex as well as score of neurological deficits was reduced compared with control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: It seems Salvia officinalis due by reduction of infarct volumeand neurological disorders, apply the protective effect against stroke damage.

Background and Objective: Solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) is defined as a discrete, well margined opacity up to 3cm in diameter that is surrounded by normal lung tissue and is not associated with any other abnormality in the lung or nearby lymph nodes. CT scan is the modality of choice for detection of SPN. Lack of ionizing radiation and high spatial resolution are the main benefits of MRI, nevertheless the usefulness of this imaging modality on diagnosis of lung nodules has not been well established. Aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of MRI on diagnosis of SPNs that their presence have been confirmed by CT scan.Subjects and Methods: A total of 32 patients, confirmed for SPN according to CT scan findings and 11 patient with normal CT scan were included in this prospective study were allocated as case and control groups respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of MRI were determinated. Site and size of pulmonary nodules as well as different MRI sequences were the investigated parameters.Results: Statistical analysis showed the least diagnostic sensitivity for T1w sequences (27%). T2w images and Fat-sat slices had 55% and 36% sensitivity respectively. Specificity of 97% for T1w images, 90% for T2w slices and 90% in Fat-sat sequences were the other results.Conclusion: Although specificity of different sequences of MRIwas ≥90%, low sensitivity and breath holding technique precludes its routine usage for the suspected patients with SPN and early detection of pulmonary nodules in high risk patients.

Background and Objectives: More than 80% of diabetic subjects die because of cardiovascular complications. The main symptom of this disease is thrombosis which occurs due to the increase of coagulation factors and imbalance in the homeostasis. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of six weeks aerobic training on fibrinogen and some of the coagulation factors in women with type 2 diabetes.Subjects and Methods: Among women with type 2 diabetes, 20 patients were chosen. They were randomly divided in two groups: experimental (n=12; age: 47.41±6.59 yr, BMI: 28.79±3.92) and control (n=8; age: 48±5.9 yr, BMI: 30.87 ± 2.18). The experimental group performed the training for 6 weeks, each week 4 sessions with 50–80 % heart rate reserve. Blood samples were taken 24 h before the first training session and 48 h after the last training session. Covariance test was used to evaluate the data and in order to compare each group’s pretest and posttest, paired-samples T-test was used at the significance level of P≤0.05.Results: There were significant increase in fibrinogen (P=0.007), PTT (P=0.001), PT (0.001) and significant decrease in platelet (P=0.001) of the experimental group.Conclusion: Present study indicated that 6 weeks aerobic exercise caused changes in coagulation factors which is beneficial to deal with threatening complications coagulation system in patient with type 2 diabetes.

Background and Objective: Throughout the world, measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is used to assess serum vitamin D levels. According to this criterion, many epidemiological studies show that vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health problem and is associated with many chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of vitamin D in Khuzestan province and remark on the need for its treating.Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 4574 participants of men and women referred to some diagnostic laboratories of Khuzestan Province in 1393. Serum level of 25 (OH) vitamin D, as the most important metabolites of vitamin D, was measured by chemiluminescence method and vitamin D deficiency was defined at 25-hydroxy vitamin D level of less than 30 ng / ml.Results: Based on the statistic analysis the mean serum level of 25 (OH) VitD was 21.40±18.36 ng/mL 77.8% of participants were assessed as the severe to mild VitD deficiency. The VitD average for male and female were 21.45±16.03 and 21.38 ± 19.00 ng / ml respectively and it was in insuficiency range for both sexes.Conclusion: In this study, it was found that despite the sunny climate of Khuzestan, the serum level of vit D is low in study parcipitants and the mean reasons for this deficiency can be due to very low intake of vitamin D through foods, fear of exposure to the sun ray, or incorrect assessments of the normal values of Vit D.

Background and Objective: Hippocampus is a part of limbic system and has an important role in memory and learning. Menopause causes failure in the memory and learning in women. Different medicines have been used to improve memory in menopausal women. Nowadays, Herbal medicines due to their fewer side effects are used in treatment of various diseases. Cinnamon is one of these herbal medicines that claimed to improve sexual potential and memory. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Cinnamon hydroalcoholic extract effect on hippocampal histology following ovariectomy (experimental menopause).Subjects and Methods: 17 adult female mice (30±5 g) were divided into 3 groups as control, sham (ovariectomized) and treatment. Cinnamon hydroalcoholic extract (200 mg/kg) was administrated every other day for 20 days IP.24 hours after last administration, animals were euthanized, their brain were isolated immediately and were floated in fixative solution. Tissue sections of brain were prepared and stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H & E) and studied by light microscopy.Results: Ovariectomy increased degenerated cells in CA1 and DG regions of hippocampus significantly (P<0.05). Treatment with cinnamon prevented these changes and cellular degeneration decreased significantly in comparison with ovariectomized group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Cinnamon decreased histological changes following ovariectomy (experimental menopause) in mice hippocampus and it may be a suitable medicine to improve memory and learning in menopausal women.

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of high TG-low HDL syndrome and high TG/HDL ratio and its associated factors in Ahvaz.Subjects and Methods: This descriptive analytical study was performed with cluster sampling method in 6 health centres and 75 households were randomly selected. Blood pressure, weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were measured. Serum fasting level of FBS, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL were measured.Results: Total 2505 participants [1155 male (46.15%), 1350 female (53.9%)] evaluated in this study. Prevalence of high TGlow HDL was 10.2% (6.5% in male, 13.3% in female) according to American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist (AACE). Prevalence of high TG/HDL ratio was 67.8% with significant difference in male (73.9% in male, 63.7% in female) (P=0.0001). Prevalence of high TG-low HDL and TG/HDL ratio had significant correlation with age (P=0.0001). Both disorders were more prevalent in subjects with diabetes, obesity and high waist circumference than normal weight and normal waist circumference.Conclusion: The results shows prevalence of high TG- low HDL and TG/HDL ratio are common disorders in Ahvaz. Educational programs are recommended to improve lifestyles and reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Background and Objective: This study conducted to compare effectiveness of citalopram with venlafaxine in treatment of outpatients with atypical depression.Subjects and Methods: The present study was an open-label randomized clinical trial, and compared the effectiveness of citalopram with venlafaxine in 80 outpatients with mild to moderate atypical depression based on DSM-IV-TR criteria using Beck depression questionnaire, who visited Akhavan clinic and Razi Psychiatric Hospital in Shahre Rey, Tehran. Evaluation of symptoms improvement and incidence of side effects were carried out fortnightly with the use of a clinical interview or by telephone up to eight weeks.Results: Although venlafaxine group showed more decline in Beck scores, statistical analysis of the results showed no significant differences in declined Beck scores in citalopram group (with the mean score of 6.42±11.78) versus venlafaxine group (with the mean score of 7.87±8.03 ) (P=0.522).Conclusion: Both citalopram and venlafaxine were effective in atypical depression treatment, and no significant difference was found. However venlafaxine was more effective in reduction of sleep duration and caused weight loss.

Background and Objective: Denture fracture due to excessivethickness, malocclusion or other traumas during sneezing or washingare disadvantages of acrylic prosthetics and PMMA resin. So furthermethods are needed to increase their transverse strength. Althoughthere are many studies on reinforcing and modifying withcopolymers, cross–linking or use of metallic or fibric strengtheners toenhance mechanical properties, There are limited studies withparadoxical results. The aim of this study was to compare thetransverse strength between reinforcement with polyethylene fiberand two older methods (stainless steel, metallic mesh).Subjects and Methods: In this study 40 PMMA resin samples (65x12x3 mm) were made and categorized in 4 groups: With noreinforcing agent (control group); with metal wire (diameter 1.0mm); with metal mesh (diameter 0.3 mm) and with polyethylene fiber (Fibre–braid). These samples were put to 3-point loading test byInstron universal testing machine.Results: The average transverse strength in control group was 78.37MPa and for three other groups: metallic wire, mesh and polyethylenefibers, in sequence, were 80.25 MPa, 9 MPa and 78.56 MPa. Theresults were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion: Reinforcing the acrylic resin using different techniquesdo not produce increases in transverse strength in comparison withthe conventional acrylic resin with no reinforcement. Therefore, noneof the tested techniques are recommended.

Scorpion neurotoxins and cytotoxins are the main components causing toxic symptoms and complications in scorpion stung victims and identifying of the type of scorpion, allows one to be able to predict the type of toxicity. In comparison with other scorpion species, Gadeem (Hemiscorpius lepturus) venom produces the most cytotoxic effects and can cause skin necrosis, hemolysis, rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. But the venom in other scorpions mostly contain neurotoxins and depending on quantity and ingredients can cause severe pain, para-sympathetic and sympathetic system stimulation symptoms, pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Treatment with sufficient dose of intravenous scorpion anti-venom and adequate diuresis with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) in patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in Gadeem scorpion stung cases. In addition, appropriate treatment of neurological complications with prazosin can improve prognosis and decreased mortality.