Iranian Journal of Nursing Research
Year:2018 | Volume:13 | Issue:5 |Papers Count:16

Introduction: The several studies have shown the influence of physical activity in improving elderly people’ s mental and physical functioning. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Tai Chi Chuan exercises on happiness in elderly men. Methods: The present study was a randomized clinical trial that was carried out among 132 elderly people membered in Pakdasht retirement center, Tehran in 2017. Subjects were selected using purposeful sampling method. Subjects were chosen through purposive sampling and assigned randomly to experimental (n = 66) and control groups (n = 66). Tai Chi Chuan exercises was performed to the experimental group for 8 weeks (3 times a week). Data were collected using the Oxford happiness’ s inventory before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, T-test, Chi-square tests, and Fisher's Exact Test in SPSS 21. Results: The mean of anxiety in the experimental group was 41. 31 ± 41. 31 before the Intervention, whereas it was 55. 89 ± 7. 21 after the intervention. The mean scores of stress among the participants showed significant difference pre and post-intervention in the experimental group (P < 0. 05). However, this difference was not significant in the control group (P = 0. 86). Conclusions: The findings indicated that Tai Chi exercise increased happiness in the elderly men. Therefore, it is suggested that Tai Chi as one form of physical activities should be used more commonly for promoting happiness and mental health profile of the elders.

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases, chronic and growing all over the world, like other chronic diseases Hypertension cause decreased capability index (threat perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem). Since the family is the undeniable impact this study were performed with little the effect of family-centered empowerment model on the indicators of the ability of patients with hypertension. Methods: This study, quasi-experimental study on 67 patients with hypertension who referred to health care centers in the city of Qaen who were randomly assigned to two groups intervention and control (32 patients in the intervention group, 35 patients in the control group) was done in 1392. Model-based educational group intervention for family-centered empowerment was done. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaires and self-empowerment index (threat perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 18 and by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, chi-square, paired t-test. Results: Demographic differences between the two groups was not statistically significant (P < 0. 05). Self-esteem, knowledge, self-efficacy, patients in the test group (72. 3 ± 50. 27 to 16. 4 ± 15. 29), (54. 12 ± 46. 59 to 38. 13 ± 80), (37. 5 ± 7. 35 to 21. 6 ± 38. 49) was promoted. But in scores of cases in the control group were similar (P > 0. 05). Conclusions: The results suggest that family-centered empowerment model of education based on increased knowledge, self-esteem and self-efficacy. It also recommended that the nurses to educate patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension affect family oriented rather than patient education.

Introduction: Chronic hypertension is one of the most common physical problems during elderly, which usually requires lifelong treatment. The patient's adherence with the treatment regimen is one of the behaviors associated with the disease that predicts its successful treatment and reduces its adverse effects and severity. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between health literacy and adherence to the treatment regimen in elderly with hypertension. Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study that was performed on 313 elderly patients with hypertension referred to clinics of selected hospitals in Tehran. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected using convenience sampling method. Data collection was carried out using demographic characteristic scale, Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (STOFHLA), and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). Data analysis was later performed using descriptive statistics, frequency distribution table, and inferential and correlation tests in SPSS 22. Results: In this study, 42. 5% of elderly patients with hypertension had inadequate health literacy. The mean and standard deviation of their health literacy score was 44. 75 ± 11. 91. A total of 60. 7% of patients had poor medication adherence. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between health literacy and adherence to treatment regimen. The findings indicated that adherence with the treatment regimen increased health literacy by 4%. Also, there was also a significant relationship between both health literacy and mediation adherence variables and some factors such as education level. Conclusions: According to the results of the study, indicating the resulting low level of health literacy and its direct correlation with medication adherence, it is necessary to pay more attention to health literacy and increase individuals' awareness and education at societal level in order to reduce the complications of chronic diseases.

Introduction: Human resource is one of the most important sources of each organization. The forces that make up this force are those who feel that they can use their talents and skills to serve the organization if they have sufficient motivation. Having the morale and job satisfaction is very important in reaching the high productivity of organizations. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of professional ethics and organizational climate on the psychological well-being of nurses in Ardabil city. Methods: This research is a descriptive-correlation study conducted in 2016. The statistical population of the study was nurses working in Ardabil city. A sample of 274 people was selected by simple random sampling. The instruments of this research are Jahan and Liu JS standard questionnaire, Ghasemzadeh professional ethics standard questionnaire and Reef psychological well-being standard questionnaire. Validity and reliability of questionnaires were evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Lisrel 8. 8 and SPSS 22 software were used for statistical analysis. The statistical tests used included correlation, regression and path analysis. Results: The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between responsibility, honesty, justice and fairness, supremacy and competitiveness, respect for social values and norms, innovative atmosphere and cooperative atmosphere with psychological well-being of nurses (P < 0. 05). Conclusions: Organizations must pay particular attention to professional ethics and the atmosphere and organization environment, because, as the lack of professional ethics and the positive atmosphere in the organization has devastating effects, its presence is the basis for the potential of individuals. In other words, hospitals can increase the willingness of individuals to increase their professional ethics and cooperative atmosphere, and they will benefit from the positive effects of encouraging collaboration and innovation in the organization. And also improve the psychological well-being of nurses by working environment and working conditions.

Introduction: The transition from hospital to home in preterm infants is a critical period for parents, and many are discharged from hospital in a situation requiring more care and more accurate follow up. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of empowerment program on the self-efficacy of mothers of premature infants and their newborn hospitalization. Methods: Pre-post and post-test clinical trials, 60 premature infants and their mothers from Kermanshah Neonatal Intensive Care Unit were selected by simple sampling method and assigned to control and test groups. Mothers in the control group received routine care and in the test group, in addition to routine care, the desired intervention (including: hand washing, feeding, baby booster training, taking medication, touching and massage the baby, how Bathing, prevention of infection, warning signs and neonates). Data were collected through questionnaires including maternal, neonatal, and maternal health records at the time of admission and before discharge by researcher and mother. Also, by registering the mother's telephone number, 15 days after discharge, the newborn's hospitalization was followed up. Then Data were analyzed by independent t-test and paired t-test. Results: In all dimensions, the level of self-efficacy of mothers, except for the importance dimension, in the empowerment group increased significantly compared to the control group (P < 0. 05). However, there was no significant difference in maternal self-efficacy between the two groups in significance dimension (P = 0. 202). The rate of hospitalization in the empowerment group was significantly lower than the control group (P = 0. 043). Conclusions: Implementation of the empowerment plan for mothers of premature infants to discharge and their active participation in the care of their infants. By increasing the rate of mothers' autoimmunity for the healthy delivery of newborns to their home and reducing the rate of newborn hospitalization, in addition to reducing neonatal complications and costs, Therapy is also reduced.

Introduction: Chronic renal failure is an unreversible and progressive kidney disease in the world as well as in Iran. Hemodialysis, which is the most common protective treatment in these patients, will have a significant impact on the patient's life, recognizing their feelings and expectations will play an important role in guiding the medical staff will have more effective care and support and eliminate the limitations of these patients. For this reason, this study aimed to understand and understand the concept of quality of life in hemodialysis patients. The purpose of this study was to understand the quality of life in patients with hemodialysis. Methods: In this study, one of the qualitative research methods was used as a descriptive phenomenological phenomenon. The data collection method was semi-organized interview with 10 modalization modalities from Shariati Hospital and Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran. Interviews focused on the question of what constitutes the quality of life of hemodialysis patients. Results: The main concepts extracted from the experiences of the participants in the study were dialysis: an important part of life, dialysis life tensions, protectionism and adaptability. Conclusions: The important aspect of the life of these patients was the acceptance of life with all its limitations. The experience of living in the fence was alive with dialysis, which widened the umbrella affecting all aspects of the patient's life. Adoption of this kind of life was in the shadow of spirituality and proximity to God and the support of health care providers. These findings provide a new vision for health caregivers to better understand the problems of these patients.

Introduction: Understanding human experiences and recognizing their world are the main aims of a qualitative research. There is a concern to trust to the findings that lead to meaning-making, so several methods have been recommended for this challenge. Reflexivity is one of the most important and technical way that introduced in this field. This study aimed to clarify the concept of reflexivity, its dimensions and how to apply it in qualitative researches. Methods: A systematic review of evidences was conducted. Databases of SID, PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid, MEDLINE, and CINAHL were searched by key words of “ reflexivity” , “ reflection” and “ interpretative paradigm” , without any time limitation. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 16 articles and books were selected for the final analysis. The data were extracted by two researchers and reviewed by two others. Results: From its etymological roots “ reflexivity” involves looking again, turning back to yourself. It evokes interpretivist ontology, so it is a valuable material to examine the effect of researcher’ s idea in meaning the situation, in qualitative research. It prepares the mind of a researcher for conducting a study and examines the validation of the findings. Conclusions: Reflexivity is a concept and a process, that look at the researcher and the research process by critical lens. This critique is not only external and through the readers, but also resulting in researcher interpretations of his/her life and his/her experiences in encountering the events.

Introduction: Adaptive performance is a new structure in the area of job performance, it has a significant role in the effectiveness of health centers. The present study was to investigate the Prediction of nurse's Adaptive performance based on psychological capital and spiritual intelligence in Behbahan hospitals. Methods: Research method is of descriptive type. The population of the research consists of nurses of Behbahan Shidzadeh hospital (N = 166). The statistical sample (n = 115) was specified by Morgan table and was selected through sampling method. To collect data, 3 standard questionnaires including Lathan et al. psychological capital questionnaire, Shorabi and Faramarzi spiritual intelligence questionnaire, and questionnaire Charbonnie – Voirin, ElAkremi and Vandenberghe Adaptive performance were used. The coefficient of reliability of scales were 0. 74, 0. 92, 0. 940 Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and regression analysis) with the SPSS-16 software. Results: The analysis of the data showed that Spiritual intelligence and psychological capital to be able to predict the adaptive performance nurses. Form the components of psychological capital, two components of resilience (β = 0. 43) and self-efficacy (β = 0. 25) able to predict adaptive performance. Form the components of components of spiritual intelligence three components of Transcendental Self-esteem (β = 0. 34), Patience (β = 0. 18) and Spiritual experiences (β = 0. 31) were able to predict adaptive performance. Conclusions: Results of this study showed that psychological capital and spiritual intelligence can predict adaptive performance among nurses, therefore it is essential that managers of health centers, planned to promote capital psychological and spiritual intelligence at their discretion. Through improving psychological capital and spiritual intelligence, improved adaptive performance.

Introduction: Marital disaffection and sexual relationships play important roles in the physical and mental health of couples and can lead to divorces. So, the present study done with the aim to test the causal relationship model, related to the role of personality characteristics and the stability of marital interactions in the prediction of marital disaffection with mediating sexual self-efficacy in married women. Methods: The research method is descriptive and correlation is a path analysis method. The statistical population of the study included all married women in Kermanshah who have preschool children 1395. A sample of 425 people was selected. The tools that have been used included the questionnaire of five personality factors, marital interactions stability, sexual self-efficacy and marital disaffection. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, path analysis and bootstrap test were used for data analysis. Results: The results show that the direct paths of neuroticism, agreement, responsibility, marital interactions stability and sexual self-efficacy have significant impacts on marital disaffection. The results of indirect paths also show that neuroticism and marital interactions stability have significant impacts on marital disaffection with self-efficacy mediation. All paths were meaningful at the level of 0. 001. Finally, predictive variables predict 64 percent of marital disaffection together. Conclusions: The results showed that low levels of neuroticism and marital interaction stability by increasing sexual self-efficacy reduced marital disaffection. Duo to the results of this research, to reduce the amount of divorce and increase the physical and psychological health of couples, it is suggested that experts, counselors and therapists pay more attention to the components of this study, especially sexual self-efficacy.

Introduction: The incidence of chronic kidney disease is increasing due to increase in aging population, and higher incidence of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease in the world. This study aims to explore the lived experiences of old people undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using interpretative hermeneutic phenomenology (Van Manen methodological approach). Nine elderly people (6 men & 3 women) undergoing hemodialysis was recruited based on purposive sampling and interviewed by depth and unstructured questions. Data were analyzed by Van-Manen methodology. Results: Seven main themes and eighteen sub-themes emerged depicting the meaning of living with hemodialysis in the elderly. The main themes were “ hemodialysis as life savior” , “ problematic life with hemodialysis” , “ contradictory feelings” , “ faith in God” , “ uncertainty” , “ dependence” , “ social support” . Conclusions: The results of this study reflect the experiences of the elderly hemodialysis patients. Considering that Iran is in the course of population aging and also, the number of elderly people with renal failure has increased, which is being treated with hemodialysis. Knowing these experiences will help gerontologist and other healthcare providers who have better strategic plan for elderly with deeper knowledge. And they will improve quality and quantity health promotion for them.

Introduction: Increasing anxiety level prior to the procedure may be associated with a decrease in the level of tolerance and the occurrence of physiological complications. In order to reduce stress during medical procedures, behavioral and cognitive techniques are recommended. Nursing counseling and providing essential information about the procedure to the patient is a common technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nursing counseling program on the anxiety and vital signs of patients under colonoscopy. Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was performed on 74 patients undergoing colonoscopy referring to the Colonoscopy Unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran. After obtaining the ethical approval from the Shahed University ethics committee, patients who had the inclusion criteria and signed the informed consent were randomly assigned to intervention (n=37) and control (n=37) groups. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used the day before the colonoscopy to investigate momentary emotional status that results from situational stress. Vital signs were recorded as well. Then counseling and education were provided individually, verbally and face-to-face for a half hour (the day before the procedure) and ten minutes (the day of conducting procedure) in the intervention group. All investigations were repeated immediately before colonoscopy in two groups. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics (T-test, Paired t-test, Chi-square test) using SPSS software version 16. Results: At the beginning of the study, two groups were homogeneous for demographic variables (P> 0. 05). The mean of situational anxiety scores in the intervention group significantly decreased after the intervention compared to the control group (p = 0. 005). Also, the systolic blood pressure and respiratory rate in the experimental group significantly decreased before the colonoscopy. In the control group, systolic blood pressure and respiratory rate increased significantly. Conclusions: Considering the effectiveness of nursing counseling on decreasing the level of anxiety and vital signs of the patients, it is suggested that structured counseling be provided in the patient care plan for candidates for colonoscopy and other aggressive procedures.