Journal of Animal Production
Year:2014 | Volume:16 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:7

Effects of lamb and parents coefficient of inbreeding (CI) on wool weight were studied using 10, 868 wool records belonging to 3, 244 Iran Black lambs (1, 633 males and 1, 611 females) representing 96 rams and 995 ewes collected during 1983-2006 from Animal Breeding Station of Abbas Abad. Year and month of shearing, CI of lamb and dam, sex and birth type had significant affect on wool weight Among 3, 244 pedigree animals, 3, 005 heads (92. 6 percent) were found to be inbred. Mean and standard deviation of CI of lamb, sire and dam in whole population were 8. 1± 6. 1, 6. 5± 6. 1 and 5. 3± 5. 8 percent, respectively. The corresponding figures in inbred population were 9. 0± 5. 7, 7. 0± 6. 1 and 5. 7± 5. 8 percent, respectively. Minimum and maximum CI of lamb was 0 and 36. 4 percent, respectively. Increase of CI by one percent was accompanied with a decrease of 26. 9 g (quadruplet male), 4. 8 g (twin female), 4. 3 g (triple female) and 13. 1 g (quadruplet female) in wool weight. A decrease of 1. 4 g in wool weight of lamb was observed as the CI of dam was increased by one percent. Statistically significant annual change trend were estimated to be 0. 2± 0. 02 percent and 0. 1± 0. 02 percent for whole and inbred populations, respectively. A controlled mating is needed to reduce deleterious effects of inbreeding.

The effect of replacing alfalfa by artichoke hay on nutrient digestibility, gas production parameters, performance and carcass characteristics of Lori-Bakhtiari lambs was studied. The lambs in control group received diet containing 30 percent alfalfa, 15 percent barley straw and 55 percent concentrate and in test group alfalfa hay was replaced with artichoke hay, completely. Dry matter intake was higher for test group lambs (P<0. 05), but average daily gain and feed conversion ratio were not differed between experimental groups. Gas production rate was not differed between groups, but b fraction was higher for test group (P<0. 05). Replacing alfalfa by artichoke caused to increasing digestibility of dry matter and organic matter (P<0. 05). However, control diet had higher digestibility of crude protein and NDF (P<0. 05). After slaughter, there were no significant differences between groups in carcass characteristics and percentage of internal organs. Results of this study showed that artichoke hay could be replaced with alfalfa hay in finishing lambs diet.

Experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of SAF-Mannan on productive performance and intestinal microflora by 180 day-old chicks. At six d, Chicks were divided to five groups (treatments) and each group was split into three replicates which included 12 birds. Amounts of 0. 3 mg/Kg lincomycin premix, 0 (control), 0. 5 (A0. 5) and 1 (S1) g/Kg SAF-Mannan for total period were added to diet of the first four treatments and also 0. 25and 0. 75 g/Kg SAF-Mannan for starter and grower, respectively were added to diets of the fifth treatment (S0. 25-0. 75). Poupulation of E. coli and lactobacillus of ileal samples were assayed at 18, 28 and 38 d of age. The results showed that birds fed on SAF-Manan diets had lower feed conversion ratio compared to control group (P<0. 05). At 18 and 28 d, the E. coli count in the al content of SAF-Manan treatments was lower than controland lincomycin treatment (P<0. 05). At 28 d, lactobacillus count in ileal content of birds fed on dietd containing 1 g SAF-Manan was higher compared to other treatments (P<0. 05). It could be conclude that addition of 0. 5 g/Kg SAF-Manan to broiler diet improve weight gain and feed conversion ratio probably, by modifying of intestinal microflora.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the digestibility and fermentation parameters of diets containing flower, pod with seed and leaf of siris in sheep by two-step digestion and gas production methods. The experimental diets were including zero, 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent of Siris flower, pod and leaf. The result showed that gas production potential of diet containing 50 percent leaf was greater than other treatments (P<0. 05). Gas production rate of diet containing 75 percent flower showed significant increase compared with the other diets (P<0. 05). Partitioning factor, microbial biomass, biomass efficiency were the greatest for diets containing 100 percent leaf and different levels of pod (P<0. 05). Dry matter digestibility of diets including different levels of siris leaf, 50 percent siris flower and 25 percent siris pod and neutral detergent fiber digestibility of diets including different levels of siris flower and 25 percent Siris pod were higher compared to control diet (P<0. 05). The lowest concentration of ammonia nitrogen was belonged to diets containing 100 percent leaf and pod of Siris (P<0. 05). It could be concluded that Siris leaf, flower and pod with seed of siris can be used instaed of alfalfa in sheep diet and increase digestibility and diet ruminal fermentation.

The Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSCs) are founder of spermatogenesis and they are the only stem cells that can transmit genetic materials to offspring’ s. This research was conducted to achieving a reliable origin of SSCs from the goat testicular tissues according to a four steps procedure; a) Collection and preparing testicular tissues, b) Two enzymatic digestions, c) Using mesh and cell suspension and d) Culture the isolated SSCs on goat embryonic fibroblasts. ◌ Distinct markers of pluripotency such as NANOG, SOX2and OCT4 were expressed in the isolated SSCs and also in these cells, nonspecific alkaline phosphatase test was positive. These cells used for co-culturing with GEF for several passages without differentiation or changing the shape. It was also found out that by using DMSO, these cells can be held in-70° C for one month. The result showed that the used procedure was efficient and the cells not only can express distinct markers of pluripotency but also can be culture and proliferate for long period of time without differentiations.

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of administration of Satureja khuzistanica essential oil (SkEO) in drinking water on performance, lipid oxidation, activity of antioxidative enzymes and cholesterol content of thigh meat using 720 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks. The SkEO was added into drinking water at zero (control-), 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg/L along with a treatment consisting polysorbate-80 (control+) at 500 mg/L. Inclusion of SkEO in drinking water significantly decreased water intake and improved production efficiency index of the birds during days one to 42 of age (P<0. 05). The concentration of thiobarbitoric acid reactive substances in thigh meat was significantly decreased by SkEO-treated water (P<0. 05). Addition of SkEO into drinking water significantly decreased superoxide dismutase as well as glutathione peroxidase activity in raw thigh meat of the birds (P<0. 05). Catalase activity was not influenced by SkEO-added water (P>0. 05). Lipid content and cholesterol level in thigh meat was significantly decreased in the birds received 500 and 200 to 400 mg/L SkEO through drinking, respectively (P<0. 05). It could be concluded that administration of Satureja khuzistanica essential oils into drinking water at minimum 200 mg/L promoted meat lipid stability. Cholesterol levels of thigh meat decreased by SkEO at 200 to 500 mg/L.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of Artemisia Sieberi oil (zero, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) and antibiotic on performance and blood parameters in broiler chicken. 200 day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308) were allocated to five treatments, four replications with a completely randomized design. In total period, broilers were fed dietary Artemisia Sieberi oil at level of 300 mg/kg had higher weight gain than other experimental treatments (P<0. 05). Control treatment had worse feed conversion ratio compared with broilers were fed dietary Artemisia Sieberi oil at levels of 100 and 300 mg/kg (P<0. 05). The level of 100 mg/kg of dietary Artemisia Sieberi oil significantly increased the white blood cell value compared with other treatments (P<0. 05). Red blood cell value significantly increased at levels of 100 and 300 mg/kg of dietary Artemisia Sieberi oils compared with other treatments (P<0. 05). In this study, dietary Artemisia Sieberi oil at levels of 300 mg/kg improve broiler performance and can be considered as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter.