Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2021 | Volume:20 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Background and Objective: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is known as the most common cause of vertigo. Vestibular rehabilitation is an effective therapeutic option for patients with significant balance problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of balance problems caused by BPPV as well as the effect of vestibular rehabilitation exercises on reducing the problems of this group of patients. Subjects and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 30 patients with posterior semicircular canal BPPV were studied. All patients underwent vestibular rehabilitation therapy using Epley repositioning maneuver method. The effect of balance problem on their quality of life and handicap before and two months after the intervention was assessed using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) questionnaire. Results: The handicap degree of the BPPV patients before therapy was at mild level. The highest and lowest scores were related to physical and emotional dimensions of DHI with values of 13. 58 and 6. 46, respectively. DHI scores significantly decreased following two months of therapy (P <0. 001). This highest and lowest improvement was observed in functional (mean change: 13. 58) and emotional (mean change: 6. 46) dimensions, respectively. Conclusion: Vestibular rehabilitation is a beneficial approach for adults with unilateral BPPV of posterior semicircular canals. Through early diagnosis and intervention of vestibular disorders, the disability and handicap experienced by BPPV patients is significantly reduced. Furthermore, the negative effects of this disease on the physical, functional and emotional aspects of patients is noticeably diminished.

Background and Objectve: Throat infections such as tonsilitis and pharyngitis in children can lead to absence from school, deferment from class, imposing treatment cost, and increasing the use of antibiotics. In addition to decreased mucosal salivary and mucosal immunity, smoking has harmful effects on oral microflora and may lead to tonsilitis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of parents’ cigarette smoking on incidence of tonsillectomy in children referred to Kashani Hospital in Shahrekord during the period of 2017-2018. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on children with tonsillitis who referred to ENT department of Rasool and Imam Ali Clinic Shahrekord Medical University. Eighty children aged 3 to 12 years old with tonsillitis and tonsillectomy indications were included in the study. Children age, gender and surgery type as well as information about their mother and father cigarette smoking habits were recorded. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using chisquare and logistic regression. Results: from 80 children, 42. 5% were male and 57. 5% were female. The mean age of children was 7. 30± 2. 26 y. The cases of adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy were 66. 3, 32. 5 and 1. 3%, respectively. 2. 5% of mothers of children and 45% of fathers of these children had cigarette smoking. From smokers’ father, 52. 8% had cigarette smoking in outdoors and 47. 2% had cigarette smoking indoor. There was no significant relationship between the type of surgery and status and place of cigarette smoking by mothers and fathers. Conclusion: Although there was no significant relationship between incidence of parents' cigarette smoking and tonsillectomy, the prevalence of cigarette smoking was relatively high among fathers of these children.

Background and Objective: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19) is a highly infectious viral syndrome currently threatening millions of people worldwide. It is widely recognized as a disease of the pulmonary system, presenting with fever, cough, and shortness of breath. However, a number of extra pulmonary manifestations have been described in the literature. SARS-CoV-2 is expressed in gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial cells suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 can infect and replicate in the GI tract. The most prevalent GI features of COVID-19 include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. There is limited data regarding GI bleeding in patients with COVID-19. Subjects and Method: This single-centered, retrospective case series was conducted at Razi hospital in Khuzestan province southwestern Iran one of the provinces with highest prevalence and death due to COVID-19 disease. We recorded cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection and concurrent GI bleeding who went through surgery from September 22, 2020 to November 21, 2020. Five hundred patients where admitted to this COVID-19 center of Ahvaz city during this time line. A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test was performed and SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in the nasopharyngeal swab from these 2 patients. Results: The patients had different severities of bleeding which were associated with the severity of respiratory involvement. Both patient showed a good respond to surgery and did not showed another episode of bleeding. Conclusion: In correlation with other studies, GI bleeding in COVID-19 seems to be caused by direct virus attack leading to ischemia and coagulopathy. Furthermore, this complication could can be related to severity of respiratory involvement.

Background and Objective: Escherichia coli pathogenic strains are considered as the main cause of intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the dominant pathotypes of diarrheagenic E. coli isolates among children sufering from diarrhea in Khoram Abad city, Iran. Subjects and Methods: In this current study, 578 diarrhea samples of the children less than 10 years old were collected in Khoram Abbad city. After culture and isolation, the pathogenic groups of diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) isolates including four pathotypes of Enterotoxigenic E. coli, Enteropathogenic E. coli, Enteroinvasive E. coli, and Shiga toxigenic E. coli were investigated by PCR. Disk diffusion method (Kirby Bauer) was used for detection of antimicrobial sensitivity of the isolates. Results: Out of 578 stool samples collected 81 isolates were DEC. The frequencies of the isolates were respectively: Enterotoxigenic E. coli (15. 1%), enteropathogenic E. coli (14%), Enteroinvasive E. coli (5%), and Shiga toxigenic E. coli (9. 7%). The highest antibiotic resistance levels were respectively reported to: amoxicilin (78%), tetracycline (74. 1%), co-trimoxazole (64. 2%), nalidixic acid (56. 8%), streptomycin (46. 9%), minocycline (38. 3%), and ciprofloxacin (16. 1%). Multiple drug resistance was found in 30. 9% of the isolates. Conclusion: Enterotoxigenic E. coli is one of the most common diarrheagenic agent affecting the children less than 10 years old in this region. Therefore, such diseases are preventable by controlling water and food hygiene especially in warm seasons.

Background and Objective: Between 0. 5 to 7% of injuries in permanent teeth include root fractures. If left without diagnosis, tooth will become non-vital and subsequent necrotic pulp leads to loss of the tooth. Diagnosis is based on radiography (a radiolucent line /lines) and mobility of coronal segment of tooth. In this study accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was compared with periapical direct digital radiography (CCD) in evaluation of horizontal root fracture in single root teeth. Materials and Methods: This in vitro study was performed on 90 recently extracted single root teeth. In study group horizontal fractures (45 teeth) were done by applying mechanical force of hammer and the each two broken segment were stuck together by glue and then imaging performed by CCD and CBCT. The images were evaluated by two radiologists as a single blind study. Results were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. To comparing sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value using Wilcoxon and MC Nemar analysis and Spearman’ s correlation coefficient were calculated. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value in CBCT were 97. 8%, 95. 6%, 93% 92% respectively and CCD were 86. 7%, 66. 7%, 80% and 85% respectively. Accuracy of CBCT was 93% and that of CCD was 60%. Conclusion: Add conclussion. The above statement is results.

Background and Objectie: Satisfaction with orthotic devices and services results in greater orthotic usage. Evaluation of users’ satisfaction could enhance the quality of orthotic devices and services. This study aimed to evaluate the users’ satisfaction with lower limb orthotic devices and technical orthopedic services in Ahvaz. Subjects and Methods: Ninety seven users of lower limb orthotic devices participated in this cross sectional study. Users’ satisfaction was evaluated with the Orthotic and Prosthetic Users’ Survey (OPUS). The mean rank of OPUS, was analyzed with demographic data by SPSS version 22. Results: For device satisfaction, the highest satisfaction score was for “ my orthosis fits well “ (4. 37) and the lowest score was for “ cost of purchase and maintenance of orthosis” (2. 75). For service satisfaction, the highest score was for “ orthotist was responsive to my concerns and questions” (4. 56), and the lowest score was for “ coordination between orthotic staff and the users’ therapists and doctors” (2. 75). The mean rank of service satisfaction was significantly higher than device satisfaction) P<0. 05(The mean rank of device satisfaction was significantly different among four types of lower limb orthotic users) P<0. 05. Conclusion: Technical orthopedic managers should perform actions to facilitate insurance coverage. They should emphasize on enhancement of orthotic quality and durability, teamwork, and client centered approach to ensure the users’ satisfaction especially the long leg brace users.

Background and Objective: One of the most common infectious diseases in diabetes mellitus is diabetic foot ulcer infection. This study was designed to identify the microorganisms that cause diabetic foot ulcer infection and their antibiotic resistance in order to improve the rational administration of antibiotics in experimental therapy. Subjects and Methods: The present retrospective and descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 200 patients admitted with a diagnosis of diabetic foot ulcer infection in the infectious ward of Razi Hospital in Ahvaz during 2015 to 2019. Finally, 126 of the subjects were included in the study. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS software (v22) (IBM, USA). Results: In this study, 61 cases were female (48. 4%), and 65 were male (51. 6%). . In this study, Gram negative bacteria 50. 3% and Gram posetive bacteria 49. 7% were the cause of infection. The three main strains implicated were Staphylococcus aureus (41. 3%), Escherichia coli (27. 8%), and Staphylococcus epidermis (24. 6%). 9. 6% of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to methicillin, and 5. 7% of Escherichia coli were pan drug resistant. The lowest resistance was observed in Gram negative and Gram posetive to meropenem and imipenem and the highest resistance to ciprofloxacin and clindamycin antibiotics. Conclusion: In the experimental treatment of diabetic foot infection, it is necessary to study the causative strains and their antibiotic resistance in each region. Progressive resistance to clindamycin and ciprofloxacin also reduces the effectiveness of these drugs in experimental therapies of diabetic foot infections.

Background and Objective: The prevalence of depression in Parkinson's patients is significantly higher than in the general population or patients with general medical status other than Parkinson's. Considering the importance of depression and it’ s preventive and therapeutic potential in patients with Parkinson's disease and the possibility of improving the quality of life in these patients as well as the lack of such a study in Ahvaz, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and effective factors in depression in patients with Parkinson's disease among Ahvazian population. Subjects and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic type which was performed on 36 patients referred to the Parkinson's disease association of Ahvaz Golestan Hospital from March to September, 2017. The patients’ data were analyzed by demographic questionnaire and Beck depression test. Finally, all statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software version 22. Results: Of 36 patients with Parkinson's disease, 4 (11. 1%) had no depression, 9 (25%) had borderline symptoms, 8 (22. 2%) had mild depression, 10 (27. 8%) had moderate depression and 5 (13. 9%) had severe depression. In general, mean depression score was 20. 25± 9. Depression was higher in married people and urban population and older than 61 y (P<0. 05) Conclusion: Overall mean depression in Parkinson's patients was 20. 25± 9 which was in the range of moderate depression and was not correlated with job, body mass, education level, income, duration of illness and occupation but marital, age and living location were related.