Journal of Islamic Lifestyle Centered on Health
Year:2022 | Volume:6 | Issue:1|Papers Count:34

Purpose: Medicalization is one of the topics in the field of medical philosophy and it is a phenomenon in which the subject in question is seen as a medical problem, and medical solutions are sought for it. This study deals with the medicalization of reading lessons. This is the first time in our country that this issue has been raised. Materials and Methods: This study is a qualitative study of content analysis. Examples of the study were the notes inserted in the margins of the files of those referred to the traditional medicine clinic. Finally, the data were analyzed by content analysis. Findings: Clients sought medication to increase learning, concentration and memory, increase physical energy levels, and increase insomnia tolerance, and believed that herbal remedies were safe. Doctors diagnose general weakness, anxiety and depression, or hyperactivity in response to these types of requests, and prescribe tonics or anti-anxiety and anti-depressant medications. Conclusion: The use of medicinal plants to increase memory and physical strength, as well as medical issues related to education, were already raised. This type of medicine can be dangerous because the target group in medicine is younger. Because drugs in this age group may have more and different side effects, and on the other hand, it institutionalizes the idea that any problem can be solved with drugs.

Purpose: The use of soft power and its role in managing the affairs of society is becoming more and more desirable and inducing love and affection in the employees and audience of the organization in the Endearment Management is one of the topics of interest in modern government management and political science. Materials and Methods: This research is based on a qualitative-quantitative approach with the method of futuristic interpretive future study with metaphorical reasoning and making metaphor,By explaining the future of research, probable and possible futures of increasing the desirability of using soft power and reviving the concept of leadership and loving management are considered in line with the developments of public management science. Findings: In this study, it is important to try to explain the essence of the rich themes and concepts related to the "archetype of love" derived from the culture of ancient Iran and its spiritual continuity in the form of Islam Rahmani and the themes related to love in mystical literature. The components of the concept of leadership and Endearment Management should be used so that it can be considered as a local and appropriate model in the management of community affairs. Conclusion: The test results of the extracted components in the statistical population show that in order to have a model organization with Endearment Management, the components extracted in this research can be considered more than before by managers.

Puropse: The present study aims at the educational implications of nonverbal education in Islamic teachings (hadiths and narrations). Materials and Methods: This research is among the qualitative researches that have been done using qualitative content analysis method with deductive categorization system. The field of research included texts related to non-verbal education in Islamic teachings (hadiths and narrations) using a purposeful approach. Data collection tools included taking notes related to non-verbal education in Islamic teachings (hadiths and narrations). The coding and paragraph method was used as a unit of analysis to analyze the texts. Findings: Findings of educational implications of non-verbal education in Islamic teachings (hadiths and narrations) included 85 main concepts and 392 educational implications, the most significant of which are: literature, playing with children, lessons, love and respect, consultation, contentment, Generosity, fulfillment of the covenant, teaching the child acts of worship, teaching the child acts of worship, companion, blaming, teaching children based on the stages of the child's development, mind, trust in God, responsibility of parents and educators, oppression, skills and profession training, Honesty, good speech, positive thinking, patience, charity and help, fairness, not punishing the child, humility, prudence, extravagance, seizing opportunities, piety, order, not doing useless work, habit of good deeds, justice, Insight, knowledge, good morals, greeting, thinking, having a purpose, avoiding boredom, peace, secrecy, not being lazy, trustworthiness, self-control, optimism, not betraying, advice, silence, courage, chivalry, wisdom, Tolerance, Intention, Thanksgiving Thanksgiving, Miserliness, Selfishness, Anger, Responsibility, Human Value, Perseverance, Practicing Knowledge, Shyness, Prioritizing Things, Work and Effort, Slavery, Doing Good, Silence, Experience, Learning, Neglect, Yet is not insulting, slander, fear, greed, education, division of hours of the day, right, fault finding, not rushing, stubbornness, borderline traits, questioning, and so on. Conclusion: It is clear in a period when there was no teaching aid equipment or performing arts and films and photos and the like to what extent the use of this method could play an effective role in drawing facts in the minds of the audience and pave the way for understanding Open the divine teachings and monotheistic lessons and put these topics on the threshold of the listeners' senses.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to "compare the effectiveness of intervention based on healthy lifestyle and metacognitive skills training on academic procrastination". Materials and Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test-follow-up design with a heterogeneous control group. The study population consisted of all third year female students of the second year of high school in a district of Tehran who were studying in 2019-20. The sample also included 45 students who were selected by random sampling by voluntary substitution and were divided into two experimental groups (15 in the lifestyle intervention intervention group and 15 in the metacognitive skills training group) and one control group (15 people). ) Were replaced. Participants in the study answered the Solomon and Rothblom (1984) Academic Procrastination Questionnaire as a pretest-posttest and follow-up. Findings: The results showed by mixed design analysis method that the intervention based on healthy lifestyle in comparison with the control group of all three components of academic procrastination including readiness for change (P <0. 01, F = 5. 34 (56 and 2)), Readiness for homework (P <0. 01, F = 5. 03 (56 and 2)) and willingness and effort to change (P <0. 01, F = 6. 88 (51. 70 and 1. 85) F) Affected at a significance level of 0. 01. Also, metacognitive skills training in comparison with the control group, the average component of exam preparation (P <0. 01, F = 5. 41 (56 and 2)) and readiness for change (P <0. 01, 7. 51 (85) 48 / and 1. 92) F) academic procrastination at the level of significance 0. 01 and the component of readiness for homework (P <0. 05, F = 3. 45 (2 and 56)) at the level of significance 0. 05 Impressed. The difference between the two methods of intervention based on healthy lifestyle and metacognitive skills training on the components of academic procrastination was not significant at the level of 0. 05. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, both healthy lifestyle intervention methods and metacognitive skills training have an effect on academic procrastination and its components in students. Between the effects of healthy lifestyle intervention and metacognitive skills training on academic procrastination in Students are not significantly different.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the harms of religious education in order to provide a model of enthusiastic religiosity in high school students in the second year of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. Materials and Methods: The method of the present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature in the category of mixed exploratory research, which in the first part, qualitatively and with the method of content analysis research,From the statistical population of teachers and education directors of the province, 18 people (by purposive sampling method) were selected and enthusiastically participated in the interview process and the construction of a model of religiosity. Validity in the qualitative part was satisfactory in terms of structural validity, external and internal validity, and its reliability was calculated by the method of reliability and the opinion of an external arbitrator. In the second part, a descriptive exploratory factor analysis was performed quantitatively and by research method. The statistical population of students was 320 people (using multi-stage cluster sampling method) and participated in the research process. The validity of this part was calculated as a formal validity from the perspective of 5 education experts and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha method / 78. Findings: A total of 35 indicators were identified as harms of religious education among students. In the quantitative part, these indicators were classified into 6 main indicators including personal and emotional-personal characteristics, cultural characteristics, lack of planning, family and friends, disregard for the phenomenon of apostasy, and economic characteristics. Conclusion: Most teachers and principals believe that insufficient attention is paid to adolescents and young people from religious education and a high percentage of them are exposed to distance from religious teachings and apostasy. The attention of the officials of the cultural institutions, the indifference and disregard of the society towards religion, the strictness of the parents in religious issues and the incorrect filling of their leisure time as the factors of apostasy among the youth were mentioned.

Purpose: Islamic life in the present age, in spite of technological advances and the transfer of information in various fields, in order to fulfill the mental and physical health of human beings, requires firm and firm rules to help human beings in this field. Save misguidance and error. Materials and Methods: In this article, the author examines the role of the duty of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil in various aspects of life through analytical and descriptive methods and by studying the library. It is the control of his behaviors that is created by reinforcing values and norms. And the nation that provides the basis for this growth and excellence for the society, educated people with knowledge and personality, will have a very high position and position. Findings: In order to have the effect of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil in Islamic life, one should look for the best and most effective strategies and practical methods such as respecting the personality of individuals, gradual guidance, gentleness, love and encouragement of values. Finding human physical and mental health in Islamic life. Conclusion: In order to facilitate this matter, God has introduced himself as the first responsible, commanding and forbidding person after the creation of the universe, and has stated that he will place the prophets and prophets on earth as intermediaries in this matter. The duty of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil, which is one of the subdivisions of the religion of Islam, is in fact an obligatory duty by which other duties are performed. In order to perform this duty, it is necessary to know the general principles and rules in the necessity of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil in human life. In fact, these two duties, as the two principles of reform and constant struggle against corruption, are the basic elements of Islamic life. It can have a positive effect on our lives and our achievement of our goals. And there is no difference in terms of gender (male or female), because human life is the center in which he is educated and goes to society.

In religious thought, whether in the case of the individual or in the family or in the community, a constant movement and progress is required,That is, it is demanded that human beings be better day by day than yesterday, and that society grow and develop. Lifestyle from the perspective of the Holy Quran is a set of accepted topics of the Quran based on God-centeredness and the rule of Islamic values in life, the goal of which is to get rid of non-Islamic life and achieve a good life. In this way of life, man naturally considers the model that has the most harmony to achieve nearness to God desirable in his personal and social life and sees closeness to God and meeting God as his ultimate goal,Hence, with his will and free will, he puts all aspects of his life in the path of this goal. This article aims to study the components of the Islamic lifestyle and its effect on the transcendence of the human soul by relying on the verses of the Qur'an, and using a descriptive-analytical method has been able to achieve these results: Components of the Islamic lifestyle based on verses of the Qur'an And human beings must take a step in this direction and achieve perfection and nearness to God and play a role in the development of Islamic society.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of "most" values in the Islamic lifestyle from the perspective of the Holy Quran. Materials and Methods: In this study, by selecting the verses containing the "most", by descriptive and analytical methods, the meanings and concepts of the relevant verses and its impact on lifestyle, using the relevant interpretations and books, has been studied. Findings: The virtue of God's word over other words is like the superiority of God over His other creatures. God has done all His work in the best way. "The best thing is the creation. " His ruling is the best ruling and he has asked us to do our job well, because human life is limited and there are many perfectionist orders, the choice of the "best" must be forced. Conclusion: Using the most "positive" Qur'anic verses, including,The most knowledgeable, the most pious, the most honest, etc., along with their examples, dimensions and effects, play an important role in the lifestyle, strength and durability of the individual and society, and in creating health and social security.

Purpose: In the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, schools and religious education are given special importance, because the early stages of personality development and development during childhood and adolescence are stabilized and sometimes remain for life, so the purpose of this study is to analyze the content of health components And the promotion of the health of the books of Hedyehaye Asemani of the elementary school is based on the assumptions of the health system with an emphasis on education. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study uses content analysis. The statistical population of this study was all third, fourth and fifth grade elementary textbooks for the academic year 2018-2019 (3 volumes). The research tool was Shanon Entropy. The content validity of this research was also confirmed by 12 experts in religious sciences and 8 specialists in health education. The content of the project is responsive (text of the books of Hedyehaye Asemani of the third, fourth and fifth grades of elementary school) and twelve main components and 58 sub-components of education. Health and health promotion were examined. Findings: The results of Shannon's entropy content analysis showed that the study of the total of 3 books of Hedyehaye Asemani of the fourth, fifth and sixth elementary courses of the component of mental health with 443 cases had the highest frequency, and the least amount related to control and Prevention of diseases and disabilities with 1 abundance. And out of a total of 620 frequency components of health components in the fourth, fifth and sixth grade elementary school gift books, 31 items for physical health, 26 items for nutritional health, 3 items for environmental health, 6 items for environmental health, 24 items for Family health, 10 cases of safety incidents, 47 cases of physical activity, 443 cases of mental health, 17 cases of prevention of high-risk behaviors, 1 case of control and prevention of diseases, 1 case of disability, 11 cases of health Public and school health are mentioned. Conclusion: The findings of abundance show that the highest normal coefficient among the health components in the fourth, fifth and sixth grades of the primary period related to the mental health component with the value (3. 17) and the lowest coefficient of importance to control and prevent Diseases and disabilities are combined with a value of (0. 01).

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate religious beliefs on organizational commitment with the mediating role of work conscience in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Amol. Materials and Methods: This research is applied in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of type of research. It is descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method. The statistical population included the staff of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Amol city. 183 people were selected as a sample. The sampling method is random. A questionnaire is used to collect information. Cronbach's alpha was used for reliability and face validity was used for validity. Findings: The obtained data were analyzed to test the research hypotheses using LISREL software. The results of the main research hypothesis were confirmed at 95% confidence level. The results showed that religious beliefs have a significant effect on organizational commitment and work conscience of employees. Work conscience has a significant effect on organizational commitment of employees. Conscience plays a mediating role in influencing religious beliefs on employees' organizational commitment. Conclusion: The results show that focusing on religious beliefs increases organizational commitment and this variable of work conscience also facilitates this relationship, so by strengthening religious beliefs and creating a religious belief promotes organizational commitment of employees and eventually, their productivity will increase, so it seems necessary to pay attention to it in the organization.

Purpose: This study investigates the effect of group training of Islamic marital skills on marital satisfaction and quality of life of married people. Materials and Methods: The method of this quasiexperimental study is pre-test and post-test without control group. The sample of this study is 28 women and 8 men from couples who referred to Sarai Mahalla in District 5 of Tehran in 2015. The dependent variable of this study is marital satisfaction and quality of life, which has been evaluated with the Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-short form. The independent variable is Islamic marital skills that are organized and taught in 12 sessions based on Islamic and Quranic teachings. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Findings: The results showed that Islamic teachings have a positive effect on marital satisfaction and quality of life and increase satisfaction and quality of life (P≤, 0. 001). Conclusion: It is suggested that by preparing a localized Islamic questionnaire of marital satisfaction, these trainings be implemented in different religious and nonreligious groups and its effect on marital satisfaction be measured.

Porpuse: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-havioral therapy in reducing anxiety thoughts, increasing resilience and life expectancy in women with MS and depression in Tehran. Materials and Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test design and follow-up with the control group and using the selection of subjects in the experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all women with MS, members of the MS Association of Tehran in the second half of 2020, who had a record and their disease was caused by MS. R. They were diagnosed as a specialist and their type of disease was recurrent-progressive. The sample of the present study was selected from 30 people by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental groups(n=15) and control(n=15). The experimental group was exposed to cognitive-behavioral therapy for 8 sessions of 1 and a half hours and no intervention was performed for the control group. The research instruments included Schneider et al. 's(1991) Hope Scale Connor and Davidson(2003) and the Wells Anxiety Thoughts Scale(1994). In this study, multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance, repeated measures analysis of variance have been used. Finding: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective in reducing anxiety thoughts, increasing resilience and life expectancy in women with MS and depression in Tehran(0. 001). Conclusion: suggested that cognitive-behavioral therapy be used to reduce anxiety thoughts, increase resilience and life expectancy in women with MS and depression.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of spiritual and cognitive skills training on aggression in students. Materials and Methods: The present research method was a quasiexperimental pre-test-post-test-follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all female students in the fifth and sixth grade of elementary school in District 2 of Tehran, 234, 356 people who were studying in the academic year 1397-98. 51 students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and were randomly assigned to 3 groups (17 people in each group). The research tool included Shahim (2006) Relational and Manifest Aggression Questionnaire. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data. In the present study, the first experimental group under 12 sessions of 90 minutes of cognitive-social skills training,The second experimental group underwent 12 90-minute sessions of spiritual skills training and the control group did not receive any intervention. Findings: The results showed that the training of spiritual skills reduced physical aggression (F = 6. 68), relational aggression (F = 5. 55) and reactive aggression (F = 21. 30) at a significant level of 0. 01. Cognitivesocial skills training reduced physical aggression (F = 3. 44) at the level of 0. 05 and relational aggression (F = 18. 13) and reactive aggression (F = 32. 71) at the significant level of 0. 01. Conclusion: The difference between the effect of two training methods on relational aggression (F = 4. 63) was significant at the level of 0. 05. It is suggested that students be taught cognitive-social skills and spiritual therapy as a unit during the school year.

Purpose: This dissertation is dedicated to the study of intellectual education from the perspective of Imam Sadeghin (AS). Materials and Methods: To do this, descriptive analytical method has been used. In this way, by using interpretive, historical books and magazines, researches and researches done on the subject in question, verses and narrations and psychological and sociological topics have been used. This article has been done with the aim of identifying the study and effects of intellectual education based on the biography of the honest (AS). Findings: The findings of the research indicate that the goals of Imam Sadeghin (AS) in intellectual education have been to overcome the air of the soul, to promote the teachings of the original religion, and so on. Conclusion: Rational education in the practical life of Imam (AS) has been observed in works such as eliminating epistemological deviations, achieving spiritual perfection and happiness, strengthening religiosity, etc. At the end of this article, suggestions were made regarding the research findings.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of emotion-oriented couple therapy on forgiveness, emotional selfregulation and marital boredom of couples seeking divorce referring to family social emergencies. Materials and Methods: Due to the nature of the subject and the objectives of the research, this research was conducted in a quasiexperimental manner with a pre-test-post-test design into an experimental group (emotion-based couple therapy) and a control group. The population of the present study consisted of all couples referring to Tehran family social emergencies. The sampling method was purposeful and taking into account the inclusion criteria. Thirty couples were divided into two groups. The first group underwent emotion-based couple therapy and the second group was a witness. The research instruments included the Interpersonal Forgiveness Scale (IFI-25), the Grenfsky et al. Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2001) and the Pineas Marital Boredom Scale (1996). Findings: The results showed that emotion-oriented couple therapy has a positive effect on marital boredom of couples seeking divorce referring to family social emergencies. Conclusion: The results showed that emotion-oriented couple therapy has a positive effect on forgiveness, emotional selfregulation and boredom of couples seeking divorce referring to family social emergencies.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to compare anxiety between three groups of women participating in psychology (life skills), principles of jurisprudence and women who did not participate in any of these classes. Materials and Methods: The present research design is descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional. The sample of this study consisted of 90 people aged 30 to 60 years who were selected based on the criteria of anxiety entry and exit criteria of having a psychiatric history, chronic diseases and unwillingness to complete a questionnaire. In addition, participants on the Depression Scale completed anxiety. Participants were selected by purposive and available sampling and were divided into three groups: the psychology group participated in 14 sessions of 1. 5 hours, three sessions per week and the group of principles of jurisprudence in 8 sessions of 1. 5 hours, 2 sessions per week. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Finding: The results of comparison in the post-training period showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of women who participated in psychology (life skills) classes and women who did not participate in any class in terms of anxiety level (0. 05). . In addition, there is a significant difference between the level of women's anxiety in the two groups of principles of jurisprudence and non-participation in classes. Conclusion: However, there was no significant difference between the level of anxiety in women participating in psychology (life skills) classes and women participating in principles of jurisprudence classes.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to mediate the role of psychological cohesion in the relationship between psychological suffering and spiritual adjustment to marital distress in mothers of children with autism. Materials and Methods: The research method is cross-sectional correlation. The statistical population of this study was all mothers of children with autism in Tehran in 2, from which 457 people were selected by convenience sampling. In this study, the tools of marital turmoil, spiritual adjustment, psychological suffering and psychological cohesion were used, all of which had acceptable validity and reliability. SPSS-V23 and Lisrel-V7. 8 software were used to analyze the data. Structural equation modeling was used to answer the research hypotheses. Findings showed that the model has a good fit. The results showed that there is a relationship between psychological suffering and marital turmoil in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders. There is a relationship between spiritual adjustment and marital turmoil in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders. There is a relationship between psychological cohesion and marital turmoil in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders. There is an indirect effect of psychological suffering through the mediating role of psychological cohesion with marital disturbance in mothers of children with autism spectrum (p <0. 05). Spiritual adjustment through the mediating role of psychological cohesion with marital turmoil has an indirect effect on mothers of children with autism spectrum (p <0. 05). Findings: The results also showed that the indirect effect of psychological suffering and spiritual adjustment on the marital turmoil of mothers of children with autism due to psychological cohesion was confirmed with 95% confidence. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders face many problems and sufferings in all areas of their lives. These problems start from the beginning of the diagnosis process and cause marital turmoil, thus increasing the spiritual health of these mothers. It also increases their psychological cohesion.

Purpose: Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of hope-based therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment on self-care and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: The present research method is quasiexperimental and for data collection, post-test pre-test design with two experimental groups and a control and follow-up group has been used. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients with type 2 diabetes who were members of the Tehran Diabetes Association in 1400. Among them, 45 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 people in each group) and one group. Controls (15 people) were assigned. The experimental group underwent hopeful treatment and the acceptance and commitment therapy group underwent 8 60-minute sessions, and the control group remained on the waiting list. The instruments used in the present study included the Diabetic Self-Care Behavior Questionnaire (Tobert and Glasgow, 2000) and the quality of life of diabetic patients (Bruges et al., 2004), which were used in two stages: pre-test and post-test. The analysis of the information obtained from the questionnaire was performed through SPSS 22 software in two descriptive and inferential sections (mixed analysis of variance). The results showed that both interventions used in this study could significantly improve self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes (p <0. 05). Findings: The results also showed that both treatments improved the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes, with the difference that the intervention based on acceptance and commitment therapy had a greater impact on quality of life behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes. . In addition, no significant difference was observed in the post-test and follow-up stages (p <0. 05), which indicates the stability of the intervention changes. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, acceptance, commitment and hope therapy had effective interventions in increasing self-care behaviors and quality of life in patients with diabetes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to design love patterns for young people living in Tehran with the data theory approach of the foundation. The research method is qualitative and exploratory. The statistical population included young people aged 19-29 living in Tehran. Materials and Methods: Sampling method was used as nonprobability sampling with purposive sampling. The sample size in this study was 20 people and the open interview measurement tool was analyzed based on three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Based on data analysis, 158 basic concepts (open source), 44 core code and 21 selective code were identified. Findings: The results extracted from the analysis of qualitative interviews showed that the causal factors of 3 main categories, 12 sub-categories and 38 primary codes,Underlying factors of 5 main categories, 9 subcategories, and 19 primary codes,Boar intervention factors 5 main categories, 10 sub-categories and 29 primary codes,Strategies consist of 5 main categories, 11 subcategories and 26 primary codes and finally the consequences of 6 main categories, 14 subcategories and 46 primary codes. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be said that the studied youth, as activists, follow the epistemological principles and rules in accordance with the social and cultural structure of their time period, because there is only one epistemological field in each period of the actor's life.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of motivational counseling and metacognition skills training on reducing academic stress in girls in junior high school. Materials and Methods: The statistical population was all female high school students in District 12 of Tehran in the academic year of 1997-98. The sampling method was cluster sampling. Three high schools were selected and 20 people from each high school were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The data collection tool was Cohen and Frazer Academic Stress Questionnaire. The protocol and steps of systematic motivational counseling based on Cox and Klinger model and metacognitive skills training protocol were held in ten sessions. The statistical method of analysis of covariance was multivariate withingroup. Findings: The results show that motivational counseling and metacognitive skills training consistently reduce the academic stress of female students. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the effectiveness of motivational counseling and metacognitive skills in reducing academic stress in female students.

The concept of freedom and its emersion in parenting is one of the important issues in the field of training and education. Inevitably, parents will have to deal with the issue of freedom in their children's upbringing. Nowadays, there is dispute about granting freedom to children and that, to what extent they can be left free in their activities and decisions. Three approaches can be identified in this extent, which are leniency, authoritative, and Despotism. The present article intends to introduce these styles, considering the teachings of the Ahl Al-Bayt (as). In addition, it aims to resolve the contradiction of the empirical data of parenting styles in the category of freedom, by presenting the realms of freedom based on the age and stage of development of the child. The research methodology of this work is based on documentary and library method. The research findings show that each of the aforementioned styles uses its own method of giving freedom in a consistent manner and, each of them presents contradictory empirical data to prove itself. While the style of parenting, which is inferred from the narrations of the Ahl al-Bayt and the Prophetic biography, is a variable style in accordance with the age and state of the child. With the explanation that up to the age of seven, the style of parenting is leniency and from the age of seven to fourteen, the style of parenting is despotic, and from the third seven years and the beginning of puberty, with increasing freedom, the authoritative style of parenting is realized. This variable and malleable model with respect to its degree of freedom at different ages, makes its own style of parenting.

One of the most important issues that has been emphasized in Islam is the issue of endowment of Muslim property, for which many worldly and otherworldly fruits have been enumerated. Given the breadth of the discussion on endowments and endowment property, a series of conditions along the way, this is a God-pleasing act that creates themes such as endowment conditions, endowment property conditions, buying and selling endowment property and other items in this regard. The study examines the prosperity of the endowment in the direction of educational and religious affairs from the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith. Undoubtedly, familiarity with the benefits and advantages of endowment leads many people to this good spring, which is one of the main goals of this article. Endowments in various fields bring pleasure to God Almighty. It causes blessings in this world and increases the baggage of the Hereafter. Undoubtedly, the endowment of property for the use of institutions, scientific centers and seminaries has a significant role and impact in the promotion of educational affairs and religious sciences. On the other hand, the prosperity of the endowment can be fruitful in reducing poverty and promoting the health of society and the Islamic lifestyle of individuals. The research method was descriptive and the research data collection method was library and taking notes and statistics were the most important related topics.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to study and compare freedom and education from the perspective of Shahid Motahari as one of the most important Islamic philosophers of the present age and Sartre as a representative of existentialism. Materials and Methods: The method of this research is library in terms of theoretical purpose and library and documentary in terms of data collection. Findings: The research findings show that according to Shahid Motahari, which is derived from the Islamic point of view, serving God is the same as freedom. The spirit of selfconfidence is among the learners and these principles are in harmony with human nature and have used the methods of reason, reverence, worship, etc. Conclusion: Therefore, from Sartre's point of view, man is obliged to be free and independent, and the educational goals derived from this view of relativism in education are active learning, free thinking and fostering creativity, and his most important educational principles are freedom, responsibility, creativity and relativity. It has used conversational training methods and an open classroom.

The role of women in the development of countries' culture has always been considered as an important principle. In this context, it can be said that women can create a special position in the development of countries' culture. The main goal of this research is to design a model to explain the position of women in cultural improvement and development. Therefore, in this research, the indicators of cultural development according to the Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution are suitable for women. For this purpose, the statistical population of this research is made up of all experts in the cultural field. These experts have minimal work experience in cultural fields and have education related to the research topic. The sampling method was snowball. With the same method, the sample size is equal to 15 people. The research method is exploratory, applied and survey. Interview tool was used in this research. The validity of this tool was confirmed through content validity. In this research, in order to model, analyze and identify the factors, the foundation data method was used. Finally, the cultural development model was identified based on the foundation's data model in the main indicators, consequences, background factors, causal factors, intervening factors, central phenomenon and strategic factors and the subcomponents of each were determined.

Purpose: Security is one of the basic human needs. This is a phenomenon indispensable to human’, s civil life and is related to other social and political concepts. Thus, it has always been considered by philosophers and thinkers of social and political sciences. Various aspects of security have always been influenced by important developments and events in history, and the evolution process and method of social studies have led to the development of various attitudes regarding security. Materials and Methods: Based on what stated, the relationship between the concept of security and other political concepts, including national interest and national unity, is a fundamental and crucial concern for researchers and related activists. Thus, valuable research has been done in this regard. The present study attempts to investigate the strategy of the Supreme Leader in matching security and national interests with Islamic unity to build a society enjoying high spiritual health. Findings: According to the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the effects of religious teachings and the school of Islam, the ideas of the great founder of the Islamic Revolution (Ayatollah Khomeini), the developments and conditions governing the world system and the dignity of Islamic society can be clearly seen in both individual and social dimensions and various fields. Conclusion: This interactive relationship manifests the strategy of the Islamic Republic in the current regional and international context and can be an important indicator for achieving and measuring the spiritual health of society.

Purpose: The purpose of the current research is to develop a causal model of media literacy based on metacognitive skills, self-regulation learning strategies and self-efficacy with the mediation of critical thinking in students. Materials and methods: For this purpose, in a research project, 318 students of Tehran-North branch of Azad University were selected as subjects by available sampling method. Data were collected using questionnaires of media literacy, metacognitive skills of Wells, self-regulation learning strategies of Pintrich and de Groot, Schwartz's self-efficacy and Rajaei's critical thinking. The collected information was analyzed by structural equation modeling method and AMOSgraphic software. Findings: The results showed that the fit of the proposed conceptual model was confirmed. Also, the results of the research showed that metacognitive skills with the mediation of critical thinking do not affect students' media literacy. Another result obtained in this research is that self-regulated learning strategies with the mediation of critical thinking have an effect on students' media literacy. Another part of the research findings shows the confirmation of this hypothesis that self-efficacy has an effect on students' media literacy through the mediation of critical thinking. Conclusion: The findings of this research can be used by universities, educational centers, radio and television organizations, cultural centers and other related professionals and play a role in the development and improvement of media literacy.

Purpose: Women with addicted spouses than other women suffer from more psychological problems. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the difficulty of emotion regulation, fear of social negative evaluations and tendency to suicide in women with addicted and non-addicted spouses. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional from type of causal-comparative. The research population was the spouses of addicts who referred to addiction treatment centers of Zahedan city and the spouses of non-addicts who referred to health and treatment centers of Zahedan city in 2015 year. Number of 60 spouses of addicts were selected as samples by simple random sampling method and number of 60 spouses of non-addicts were selected as samples by available sampling method. The research tools were included the difficulty of emotion regulation scale (Gratz and Roemer, 2004), fear of negative evaluation scale (Leary, 1983) and tendency to suicide questionnaire (Beck, 1961). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance in SPSS-16 software. Findings: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between women with addicted and non-addicted spouses in terms of all three variables of difficulty of emotion regulation, fear of social negative evaluations and tendency to suicide and all their subscales. In the other words, the average scores of women with addicted spouses in compared to women with non-addicted spouses significantly worse in all three mentioned variables and all their subscales (P<0. 05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, planning it seems necessary to improve family health by drug withdrawal in addicts.

Purpose: Teachers' performance plays an important role in improving the quality of the education system, and social responsibility can affect it. As a result, the current research was conducted with the aim of explaining the mediating effect of the role of educational leaders in the relationship between social responsibility and teachers' performance. Materials and Methods: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of correlational methodology. The research community was all the teachers of Semiram city in the academic year 1401-1400 in the number of 878 people. The sample size was estimated to be 267 people based on the table of Karjesi and Morgan, and this number was selected using the available sampling method. The research tools were questionnaires of educational leaders by Abedinia et al. (2019), social responsibility by Obaisat (2017) and job performance by Patterson (1991). 0. 73 was obtained. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multiple regression methods in SPSS-22 software. Findings: The findings showed that social responsibility had a direct and significant effect on educational leaders and teachers' performance, and educational leaders had a direct and significant effect on teachers' performance (P<0. 001). Also, social responsibility with the mediation of educational leaders had an indirect and significant effect on teachers' performance (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Considering the mediating effect of educational leaders in the relationship between social responsibility and teachers' performance, it is suggested that to improve the performance of teachers and the education system, more attention should be paid to social responsibility and educational leaders and to provide the ground for their promotion.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of insurance factors, political factors and health system networking on the success of privatization with emphasis on the mediating role of strategic leadership and training and empowerment. Materials and Methods: This is an applied research. The statistical population will be a small number of managers and deputies of private hospitals in Tehran. According to the information obtained, there are about 56 private hospitals in Tehran and the total number of the statistical population is 743 people. Therefore, 253 managers and deputies of private hospitals in Tehran were selected as the research sample. Findings: The research findings showed that all values of factor loads were greater than 0. 5 and also the calculated values of t for each of the factor loads of each indicator with its hidden structure or variable is above 1. 96 (significance level is lower). Is from 0. 05). The value of the second root of the explained mean variance index, for all variables, is the correlation of that variable with other variables. Conclusion: The public sector has always been the subject of many criticisms such as inefficiency, excessive administrative formalities, inflexibility, poor performance and accountability. One of the important features of economic liberalization programs in recent decades is the privatization of the health system. Among the goals of privatization policies are the desire to increase government revenues, improve economic efficiency, and reduce government intervention in the economy.

Purpose: This research was conducted with the purpose of mediating the role of self-efficacy in the relationship between psychological flexibility and wisdom in students. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional research method is correlational. The statistical population of this research was made up of all female and male students of Azad Universities of Tehran province in 2019-2019, from which 400 people were selected by staged cluster sampling method. In this research, the tools of wisdom (Ardelt, 2003), flexibility (Bond et al., 2011), and self-efficacy (Sherer et al., 1982) were used, all of which had acceptable validity and reliability. In order to analyze the data, SPSS-V19 and Amos-V8. 8 software were used. Also, in order to respond to the research hypotheses, structural equation modeling was used. Findings: The research findings showed that the model has a good fit. The results showed that flexibility did not have a significant direct effect on wisdom, the relationship between flexibility and wisdom is directly equal (t = 1. 78 and β,= 0. 12). In connection with the existence of the indirect effect of flexibility on the wisdom of students through self-efficacy, it is confirmed with 95% confidence. Conclusion: Therefore, paying attention to the mentioned variables helps researchers and therapists in prevention and designing more appropriate treatments.

The importance of learning mathematics in the present age and its relationship with other sciences and areas of life is not hidden from anyone, and on the other hand, the problems facing learning mathematics, such as mathematical anxiety, etc., reveal the need for such research. Also, with the increase in the prevalence of mathematical anxiety among Iranian students, its negative effects on academic achievement, which by doing this research and recognizing the predictions of mathematical anxiety and realizing the direct and indirect effects of psychological structures can be of great help to both students and teachers. Educated parents and planners to help reduce students' math anxiety. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to determine the effect of classroom perception, educational knowledge and self-regulation on learning on high school students' math anxiety. The present study seeks to investigate the mathematical anxiety of high school students with a mediating role of self-regulation. The present study is quantitative in terms of method and descriptive in terms of purpose. After examining the subject in the research literature, the required data were extracted from the male and female high school students through a questionnaire and a database of opinions obtained from the questionnaire. Data and structural equation tests were analyzed in LISREL software and hypotheses were developed.

Purpose: Transformational leaders create a dynamic and active vision for their organizations. As a result, the aim of this research was identifying the dimensions and components of transformational leadership style in the educational managers of Islamic Azad University. Materials and Methods: In this qualitative study from the academic experts in the field of management and experts in the field of quality of educational services, number of 15 people based on the principle of theoretical saturation and with the purposeful sampling method were selected as a sample. To collect data were used from semi-structured interview, which its content validity according to experts' opinion was obtained 0. 83 and their reliability with the agreement coefficient method between two coders was obtained 0. 89. For data analysis were used from theme analysis method in NVivo version 10 software. Findings: The findings showed that the transformational leadership style in the educational managers of Islamic Azad University had 8 dimensions, 23 components and 143 indicators. The relationship network dimension has two components of horizontal interactions in the university and vertical interactions in the university, the leader characteristics dimension has three components of personality traits, leader competence and professional ethics of change leaders, the resource preparation dimension has five components of presence of suitable hardware facilities, presence of suitable software facilities, existence of the integration system of statistics and information, benefiting from IT specialist human resources and empowerment and training, the status review dimension has two components of planning and change status review and existing and desirable situation review, the change drivers dimension has two components of creating motivation for transformation and support and encourage to learning, the management in the time of change has two components of conflict management and collaborative management, the dimension of team formation and stakeholder support has three components of gaining political support, forming a team of experts and building trust and the dimension of change measures has four components of change structure, justice in the time of change, performance review and strategy of change. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, to improve leadership in the Islamic Azad University it is possible to provide the basis for improving and promoting the identified dimensions and components of transformational leadership style.

Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of mediating the role of self-esteem and causal documents in the relationship between human dignity and organizational productivity of East Azarbaijan prison staff in 2018. Materials and Methods: The research method was correlational and analytical. The statistical population consisted of 330 employees of the General Administration of Prisons, of which 153 after identifying distorted questionnaires,Were selected by proportional sampling method with Cochran's formula. Data collection using standardized productivity questionnaires of Olsania et al. (2012), humble and critical human dignity (20217) based on Salim Nejad model (2009), Rosenberg self-esteem and causal documents of Seligman et al. (1979) With content validity and reliability of each above 0. 7 was obtained and approved. Findings: The results of SPSS software and path analysis showed,Human dignity mediates self-esteem and positive and negative causal documents in explaining organizational productivity (p <0. 05). Conclusion: As a result, managerial and organizational factors along with employee personality factors can have a positive impact on organizational productivity.

Manifestism is a stonyism of thought that focuses on the appearances of the book and Sunnah, not using reason and thought in understanding the revelations, and not going beyond the basic meaning of the verses. Especially the fact that these issues are mostly in similar verses, which stagnation on the words and their initial meaning leads to believe in the personification and simile about God. One of the great challenges of the era of the 8th Imam (peace be upon him) from which many of the deviant thoughts of the society came from, were the thoughts and beliefs of appearanceism, which with the anti-rationalism and extreme textualism they had undertaken, without using reason. And wisdom, they had superficial and superficial understandings of verses and traditions, which sometimes led to the belief that God is physical and human. Imam Ali Ibn Musa al-Reza (peace be upon him) has explained this incorrect opinion with a clear and clear statement and in various ways. In this research, we first stated four verses of the verses that are the origin of the belief of likeness and embodiment, and then we expressed the thinking of Imam Reza (peace be upon him) in correcting and fighting against this thinking. The findings of the research indicate that the narrations of this Imam Hammam in the meanings of the verses in the way of intellectual and narrative interpretation and interpretation is the best solution that can guide the Islamic society from irrationality and intellectual stagnation towards rationalism.