Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection
Year:2016 | Volume:5 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:18

Potato virus Y (PVY) is the type species of the genus Potyvirus from the family Potyviridae and is one of the most important limiting factors of the solanaceous crop production in the country. Due to the harmful effect of the virus in the solanaceous family and variation of these crops cultivation in Golestan province, identification of the virus strains and host range studies are necessary to provide management solution for the control of PVY. A total of 380 symptomatic samples showing mosaic, necrosis, wilting, dwarfing and tiny leaves were collected from different growing areas in Gorgan, Daland, Bandargaz and Kordkoy in 2014. Infection of samples was investigated by DAS-ELISA test using polyclonal antiserum raised against PVY. To determine the virus strains, extracted sap of several ELISA positive samples (185 samples) were inoculated on the indicator plant. Nicotiana tabacum cv. samsun. Also RNA from a number of tomato and eggplants samples that a peared to have PVY infection in ELISA, extracted and were investigated in RT-PCR by the potyvirus general primers oligo1n and oligo2n. The results showed that all three strains of PVY were in this province and PVYC strains is the predominant in this host family. This is the first report of PVY on hosts of tomato and eggplant using serological and molecular assays in Golestan province.

In recent years, the symptoms of viral diseases such as Mosaic, Paleness and Ring spots have spread on ornamental plants of North Khorasan province. In order to detect important viral diseases in ornamental plants of North Khorasan Province, a total of 400 samples of ornamental plants were collected and transported to the laboratory. All of the samples were evaluated by DAS-ELISA serological test with polyclonal antibodies to Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Tomato ring spot virus (ToRSV), Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV). The positive Samples in ELISA test were inoculated on indicator plants for observation of the symptoms. All the indicator plants distinctive symptoms of diseases in the mechanical inoculation. The results of the ELISA test showed that 211 samples of total 400 ornamental plant samples, were infected with different viruses. Also the results indicated that among 16 ornamental species including Tagetes signata, Tagetes patula, Gaillardia pulchella, Calendula officinalis, Chrysantheum indicum, Zinnia elegans, Leucanthemum superbum, Ipomoea tricolor, Ipomoea batatas, Rosa hybrid, Pelargonium hortum, Amaranthus caudatus, Petunia hybrid, Berberis thunbergii, Lavandula angustifolia, and Symphoricarpus racemosus; 9 species infected and 7 species were virus free. Of the six viruses of infecting ornamental plants, TBSV and ToRSV had the highest and lowest infection frequency (incidence) in this province respectively, and infection with AMV was not observed in any of the tested samples.

Damping-off disease caused by Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp. is one of the destructive diseases of cucumber in commercial greenhouses which led to considerable loss of yield. In this study, the effect of Salicylic acid on induced resistance in infected cucumber with damping-off disease was investigated. For this propose, expression level of cupi4 and Lipoxygenase genes and the activity of several biochemical enzymes was investigated. A factorial experiment based on randomized complete design with four replications was carried out in the greenhouse condition at 25-27° C with 70% moisture and 14: 8 h light: dark photoperiod. The results of disease incidence assay showed that there were a significant difference at the 5% level among treated plants with different concentration of salicylic acid (0, 200 and 400 ppm) and control plants. The assay of antioxidant enzymes activity in treated plant showed that the activity of Proxidase and Polyphenoloxidase enzymes were considerably increased compared to control while the Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase was not significantly increased when compared to non treated plants. Gene expression analysis by qRT-PCR method showed that salicylic acid application is able to increase the expression level of tested genes, but the highest expression level was recorded for Cupi4 gene. The results of this research indicate that application of salicylic acid could play an important role in enhancing the cucumber resistance against damping-off disease.

Vermiwash, is rich in macro and micro elements, growth hormones such as Auoxin, Cytokinin and beneficial microorganisms. In the present study, the repellent effect of vermiwash against two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) and its effect on chlorophyll content and photosystem II efficiency of common bean was evaluated in comparison with Propal in 2014. Artificial infection was made by two spotted spider mite and the treatments of Vermiwash include sterile, non-sterile, and Propal and mixture of them were sprayed on the plants. 48 hours after spraying, the death percent, was estimated by magnification handheld and Henderson-Tilton formula. After 45 days, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency and dry matter was evaluated. To test the repellent, olfactometer device (for one step leaf treated with vermiwash and in second step, the medical cotton treated with Vermiwash) was used. Both observations indicated the repellent effects of vermiwash on spider mite (p=0. 051 for one step and p=0. 024 for second step). Total concentration of Propal and mixture of half primary concentration of Vermiwash with half primary concentration of Propal caused 100 Percent losses in spider mite population. Chlorophyll content, photosystem II efficiency and dry matter in all the treatments were significantly increased compared to control. It means that vermiwash in equal concentration to propal, could control the pest. The use of vermiwash could supply plants food need, increase the biological resistance of plants to pests and avoid pest infestation.

Fusarium vascular wilt of sesame is one of the destructive soilborn diseases of this crop in Iran and worldwide. Infected tissues of sesame were collected from the experimental field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in Karaj, then pieces of stem and roots were excised and cultured on the media. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesame (Fos) was recovered frequently from the tissues up to 81% of the isolated fungi, while F. solani was isolated in some few cases. Pathogenicity of the isolates was evaluated on the SNA Petri plates in the lab condition. The disease resistance assessment carried out using two different methods. For the laboratory method, the SNA plates were used for 12 cultivars and lines. The line Jiroft-13 had the highest level of disease resistance in this test. In the second method of inoculation, roots of the seedlings of 26 cultivars and lines were dipped into the spore suspension for 5 minutes and then planted in pots in greenhouse. Disease severity was recorded after 15 days using a 1-5 scale. Observations of each genotype was statistically analyzed using non-parametric Chi-square test. None of the genotypes were immune to the disease. Among the less infected genotypes, Moghan 19, Shahed-e-Gijuye, Mahali Moghan Shahed, Hindi-11, Moghan 13, Mahalli Moghan and B5γ M7 showed considerably low infection, so regarded as moderately resistant cultivars.

The African fig fly has been reported from Iran in 2009. The use of chemical insecticides has several environmental limits therefor the efficiency of some attractants has been evaluated for trapping of this insect in Iran. A field experiment was conducted in Completely Randomized Factorial Design with four replicates to determine the best attractant for trapping and the best height for installing traps on trees in Shiraz city, in 2009. The first factor was attractants including: Solution of pomegranate sauce 3 % (3% pomegranate sauce+97%water), Solution of hydrolyzed plant protein 3% (3% hydrolyzed plant protein +97%water) and Ceratrap. The second factor was height for installing traps on trees including: 75, 150 and 225cm. Results revealed significant differences among the attractants and height for installing traps in all weeks except 13th week and also the interaction effect between them. The evaluation showed that the best attractant for capture was solution of pomegranate sauce 3 % with significant difference from the others. Evolution about the best height for installing traps showed that 150 cm height for installing traps was better than the others. So traps with solution of pomegranate sauce 3 % that installs on trees at a height of 150 cm could have an important role to decrease the population of this pest and it is an approach in order to non-chemical control.

Tan spot disease incited by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is an important disease of wheat throughout the world, including Iran. The disease inflicts considerable losses to the crop in the epidemic conditions. Application of fungicides is a quick method for control of the disease in epidemic years. In this study, the effect of some registered fungicides was evaluated on growth inhibition of the causal agent as in vitro, and also for control of the disease in greenhouse and field conditions on a susceptible wheat line (N-80-19). The experimental design was carried out as completely randomized in in vitro condition and as split plot in greenhouse and field conditions with 3 replications. Main plots were included the fungicides Cyproconazole, Cyproconazole+Carbendazim (Altocombi), Flusilazole+Carbendazim (Alert), Iprodione+Carbendazim (Rovral T-S), Propiconazole, Tebuconazole, Carbendazim and Benomyl), and sub-plots were consisted of the spraying times (flag leaf, head appearance and flag leaf+panicle appearance stages). The treatments were evaluated by recording the infection index, 10 days after the last spraying simultaneously with disease development on control plots. The grain yield was also calculated after wheat harvesting. The results demonstrated Rovral T-S (73. 83%), Altocombi (71. 92%) and Alert (69. 42%) had maximum in vitro growth inhibition of the fungus. The three fungicides showed considerable advantages on reduction of infection index and increase of yield in greenhouse and field tests, compared to other fungicides. For infection index, no-significant difference was recorded among spraying times. The highest thousand grain weight was respectively obtained by spraying at flag leaf + head appearance (increasing 10. 11 and 9. 94 grams), flag leaf (increasing 9. 26 and 9. 18 grams) and head appearance stages (increasing 9. 15 and 8. 68 grams, respectively, for greenhouse and field), compared to their control.

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hü bner, is one of the most important economic pests that could be found in all parts of Iran. In order to study the geographical diversity of this pest, larvae were collected from Ardabil, Golestan, Kordestan, East-Azarbayjan and Sistan-Baluchestan provinces during 2012-2013. Subject to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using 10 different SSR primers that produced 10 polymorphic bands with 100 percent polymorphism were determined. Genetic diversity analysis of the European corn borer showed significant differences within and among geographical populations and their genetic diversity based on Nei’ s gene index accounted 19. 2 and 80. 8 percent, respectively. Maximum and minimum genetic diversity and number of polymorphic loci were in Gorgan population 0. 277, 9 and Iranshahr 0. 104, 6, respectively. Maximum and minimum heterozygosity were in Os-N3 and Os-N10 markers by 0. 748 and 0. 203, respectively. Genetic similarity of studied geographical populations observed from 38 to 82 percent. Maximum and minimum genetic distances were observed between Sanandaj-Gorgan and Mogan-Shabstar populations 0. 917, 0. 198, respectively. Based on UPGMA method Mogan and Shabstar populations settled as unique in one cluster and Gorgan, Sanandaj, Iranshahr populations in another cluster. To test the correlation genetic and geographical populations distances was used Mantel test that indicated low or negative correlation (0. 243 P

Leaf spot diseases are among the important foliar diseases of poplar trees, causing economic crop loss on this host. Species in the genera Septoria and Marssonina are the main fungal groups causing leaf spot disease on poplar trees, worldwide. Even though leaf spot diseases cause considerable damage on poplar trees in East Azarbaijan province, very little attention has been paid on the identification of the causal agents of disease in this region. The present study was aimed to characterize the causal agents of leaf spot diseases on poplar trees in East Azarbaijan, part of West Azarbaijan and Ardabil provinces and to further evaluate their pathogenicity on poplar trees. A total number of 134 fungal isolates were recovered from 220 samples with leaf spot symptoms on poplar trees during 2013 growing season. Morphological and cultural characterization of isolates revealed Septoria populi, Bipolaris spicifera, B. sorokiniana, Exserohilum cf. protrudens, Stemphylium sp. Sporormiella minimoides, Nigrospora oryzae, Epicoccum nigrum, Marssonina castagnei and Arthrinium sacchari as fungal species associated with leaf spot disease of poplar. Septoria populi was the most dominant species with isolation frequency of 88%. The pathogenicity assay using detached leaf method revealed Se. populi, B. spicifera, B. sorokiniana, Stemphylium sp., N. oryzae, M. castagnei and A. sacchari being pathogenic on poplar leaves under laboratory conditions. This is the first report on the occurrence and pathogenicity of A. sacchari, Sp. minimoides and Ex. cf. protrudens on poplars trees.

Water is a powerful attractant for adults of many stored-product moths and applying water traps is a complementary control method for controlling these pests. In this study, the reproductive effects of six biorational compounds including Palizin® , TondExir® , Sirinol® , Worm tea, Neemarin® and Chlorocholine chloride at 2000, 5000, 8000, and 10000 ppm concentrations (dilated with 10% honey solution) were evaluated against adults of the Mediterranean flour moth ad libitum. All experiments were carried out at 25± 2 º C, 70± 10% R. H., and 14: 10 L: D. photoperiod. Adults fed well from prepared concentrations. Compared with the control (99. 13%), Palizin, TondExir, Sirinol, Chlorocholine chloride and Worm tea had no effect on fertility but Neemarin decreased it significantly (F4, 70=19. 59; P=0. 0001). Also neemarin had a better effect on fecundity. Male and female longevity decreased at higher rates of Palizin, Sirinol and Tond Exir compared with Neemarin, Chlorocholine chloride and Worm tea. The results showed that increasing the dose increased the toxic effects of the compounds. Higher sterility was caused by Neemarin (52. 65-74. 85%) followed by Palizin and Sirinol. Worm tea showed the least effects on the above-mentioned parameters and sterility percent. The highest percentage of infertile eggs (7. 06-14. 45%) was also observed in Neemarin treatments. Hence, if the adults of this moth are attracted to water traps or have access to these traps containing effective doses of biorational compounds (especially azadirachtin), controlling the adults of this moth would be possible. Because the toxic compounds are applied indirectly and at very small amounts in this method, lethal concentrations of synthetic insecticides could be applied as well. For such purposes, using azadirachtin or azadirachtin containing products or insecticides is recommended.

Two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is one of the most harmful pests causing serious damages to beans farms throughout the world including Iran. Among the various beans genotypes, black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ) have showed high resistance level to most of pests and diseases. In addition to the high direct resistance, the black beans can protect themselves against the pests indirectly by attracting natural enemies of herbivores. Since these direct and indirect protections have not been studied on black bean genotypes before, it was necessary to investigate the resistance of six black bean genotypes to two-spotted spider mite in a greenhouse condition. These results were further analysed by using an olfactometry test to investigate attraction of the predatory mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot to black bean genotypes. The results of the greenhouse experiments showed that all the black bean genotypes were resistant to spider mite. The results of olfactometer test also indicated that two resistant genotypes of black beans genotypes of black beans (KS1157 and KS1179) attracted more predator mites than the others. Therefore, the less damaged genotypes, KS1179 and KS1157, could be incorporated with predatory mite and used in an integrated pest control program.

Aflatoxins are the fungal toxins produced by Aspergillus spp. These fungal metabolites in food and oil seed have a big lifetime risk for acute and chronic disease in human and animals. In this survey for production levels of B1, B2, G1 and G2 aflatoxins in two species of Aspergillus was namely A. Alaus and A. Foctides has been investigated. These fungi were grown in Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) medium and aflatoxins were determined using HPLC method. These species were cultured in 50 ml flask at 26º c, with 80% humidity and dark place for 32 days. 25 ml of broth cultures were filtered and then extracted with 10 ml chloroform and evaporated the organic solvent and bring the organic solvent in 3ml methanol. After filtration, 20 μ l of final solvent was injected to HPLC instrument. The result has shown that A. foetidus produced the maximum amount of B1, B2 and G1 with 8. 71, 2. 3 & 3. 1 mg after 24 days post-inoculation and the maximum amount of G2 with 0. 02 after 20 days post-inoculation per 50 ml of PDB. A. flavus produced the maximum amount of B1, B2 and G2 with 487. 92, 18. 46 & 8. 57 mg after 20 days post-inoculation and the maximum amount of G1 with 126. 49 mg after 24 days post-inoculation per 50 ml of PDB. Overall the B1 is maximum afltoxin in A. flavus and G2 is the minimum aflatoxin in A. foetidus.

In order to dismiss the problems of using Zataria multiflora essential oil (instability, evaporation, and decomposition against environmental and chemical conditions) and increase its efficiency in controlling pathogenic fungi (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus ochraceus), a system carrying Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) was used. The experiment was arranged using the completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications by mixing the essential oil and essential oil-load SLNs with potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium at four concentrations of 20, 50, 100, and 200 ppm. This experiment was performed in Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmacy Department in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The essential oil-loaded SLNs were prepared high-tensile pressure homogenization together with ultrasonic waves. Results of particle size determination showed a mean size of 284 nm, PdI 0/483 and a ZP of      mv and SLNs were spherical as shown by TEM. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentration under in vitro conditions for the free form of essential oil in the A. ochraceu, A. flavus was 300 μ lL-1 and for A. niger was 200 μ lL-1. For the essential oil-loaded SLNs, it was 200 μ lL-1. Essential oil-loaded SLNs increased 38% inhibitory growth of pathogenic fungi than free form of essential oil. Result indicated that SLNs were appropriate carriers for Z. multiflora essential oil to increase its efficiency in controlling of A. niger, A. flavus, and A. ochraceus.

Biscogniauxia mediterranea, the cause of charcoal rot disease on oak, is known as one of the main agents involved in oak decline in Iran. However, very little is known on the extent of distribution, host range and mechanisms of dispersal of the pathogen in infected areas as well as incidence of the disease in other regions of country. The present study was aimed to develop a diagnostic tool for molecular identification and detection of the causal agent of charcoal rot disease based on species-specific primer set using polymerase chain reaction. To this aim, samples were collected from oak trees with typical charcoal rot disease from Ilam province. The causal agent was isolated and purified using routine plant pathology methods. Biscogniauxia isolates were identified using a combination of morphological and sequence data from ITSrDNA region. Blast search analysis of the sequence data obtained in this study against the sequence data in GenBank confirmed the identity of the isolates as B. mediterranea. Seqeunce data of ITS-rDNA region for all of Biscogniauxia were obtained from GenBank and aligned together with seqeunce data gnerated in this study. A pair of species-specific primer (BmF/BmR) with expcted amplicon size of 400 bp was designed for B. mediterranea. Efficacy of this primer set was tested and verified on DNA extracted from B. mediterranea and other fungal species isolated from oak tree tissues. The results of amplication profile showed that a 400 bp band was amplified only from B. mediterranea isolates. The species-specific primer set designed in this study can be used in monitoring programmes for the detection of the causal agent, the extent of distribution and mechanisms of dispersal of the pathogen.

Nowadays, the classification of organisms is based on the concepts of population. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) consist of more than 24 different subspecies. The most subspecies were classified based on morphological characters. Sampling was conducted from 10 areas, including Kermanshah, Songhor, Sahneh, Kangavar, Harsin, Paveh, Javanrood, Eslamabadghrb, Sarpolzahab and Gilangharb in 2014 in Kermanshah Province. In this study, ten morphological characteristics were used for discriminating of populations. The results indicated that the population of sampled bees from the Songhor, had the shortest length and width forewing (8. 3mm and 2. 9mm, respectively), and the longest proboscis (6. 8mm). Correlations between morphological characteristics were studied. There was significant difference between characteristics of length and width of forewing (r2 =0. 74, p=0. 00) and lengths of index Cubital and hind leg (r2 =0. 57, p=0. 00). Discriminate functional analysis (DFA) differentiated 60. 07 % of 10 area populations. Additionally, cluster analysis with UPGMA method separated two honeybee populations of Songhor and Harsin from other population completely.

Plants have a set of protein molecules that are able to interfere with the digestion of herbivore insects and can be used as an approach to pest control. In this study, digestive alpha-amylase inhibition of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), by proteinaceous seed extract of rapeseed, Brassica napus L. cv. Karaj3 was investigated. The most inhibitory effect of proteinaceous extracts on the alpha-amylase activity was at pH 5. Four precipitated rapeseed proteinaceous fractions; 0-30, 30-50, 50-70, and 70-100% saturation by ammonium sulfate, caused 0, 52, 12 and 0% inhibition on the gut alpha-amylase activity of the fourth instar larvae, respectively. Fraction 30-50% resulted in 84, 86, 74, 52 and 37% reduction in the L1, L2, L3, L4 and adult’ s gut alpha-amylase activity, respectively. The enzyme inhibition kinetic test was conducted by the fraction 30-50% on the alpha-amylase of adults and the type of inhibition was determined uncompetitive. In the zymogram and studying inhibition on the gel, the inhibitory effect was seen as a reduction in intensity of the bands. In bioassays, different cultivars of potato; Agria, Burren, Picasso and Marx were used. Potato leaves were treated with extract and fed by larvae. No significant difference was observed in the duration of molting from third to fourth-instar larvae on any cultivars. But, weight of fourth-instar larvae was declined on Picasso and Marx and the percentage of fourth instar larval evaluation was decreased on Agria, Picasso and Marx. The alphaamylase activity of fourth instar larvae declined on Agria, significantly compared to the control.

Fusarium stem and root rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis cucumerinum is an important disease in cucumbers. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) by Trichoderma and Fluorescent Pseudomonads is a promising method for biocontrol of this disease. Twenty isolates of Trichoderma and 20 isolates of fluorescent Pseudomonads were isolated from cucumber rhizosphere by Macfaden-Saten and S1 selective media respectively. Spilt root system was used for screening these isolates for induction of systemic resistance against this disease. The experiment was performed with 42 treatments including positive and negative control and nine replicates. After four weeks, the disease was evaluated by scoring the plants and the disease incidence for each treatment was estimated. The result, showed that Ps9, Ps14, Ps12, and Ps6 isolates of Pseudomonads and Tr6 and Tr9 isolates of Trichoderma with disease indices 34. 4, 34. 4, 43. 8, 46. 9, 12. 5 and 12. 5%, respectively, reduced the disease incidence significantly compared with control. During the experiment pathogen and antagonists were separate from each other and the control of the disease was due to a plant mediated phenomena which seems to be induced systemic resistance. The results are promising in applying these biocontrol agents for control of this disease.

Order Mesostigmata is one of the largest groups in subclass Acari and its members are important components of natural and agricultural ecosystems. During 2013, fauna of edaphic mesostigmatic mites were collected from soil and plant debris of Arasbaran forests in north of East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Mites were extracted by using Berlese funnels, cleared in Nesbitt's fluid and slides mounted by Hoyer's medium. In this study, 40 species belonging to 32 genera and 18 families were collected and identified. Among the identified species, 20 species were new for East Azerbaijan province fauna. A key for identified taxa has been given. In this study, the family Veigaiidae had the highest relative frequency (19. 01%) and the families Zerconidae and Laelapidae with 15. 21% and 13. 19 frequencies were situated in the next ranks, respectively. The list of identified species are as follows. New records for East Azerbaijan Province mites fauna are marked with one asterisk (*): Ameroseiidae: Ameroseius furcatus (Karg, 1971)*, Epicriopsis cf. palustris (Karg, 1971); Ascidae: Zerconopsis michaeli (Evans & Hyatt, 1960)*, Arctoseius semiscissus (Berlese, 1892)*, Asca aphidioides (Linnaeus, 1758)*, A. bicornis (Canestrini & Fanzago, 1876)*, Antennoseius bacatus (Athias-Henriot, 1961)*; Blattisocidae: Lasioseius sp.; Celaenopsidae: Celaenopsis badius (C. L. Koch, 1839)*; Digamasellidae: Dendrolaelaps sp.; Epicriidae: Epicrius cf. bulgaricus (Balogh, 1958); Laelapidae: Laelaspis astronomicus (Koch, 1839), Cosmolaelaps lutegiensis (Shcherbak, 1971), C. vacua (Michael, 1891), Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini, 1884), G. iranicus (Kavianpour & Nemati, 2013), Pseudoparasitus dentatus (Halbert, 1920)*, P. missouriensis (Ewing, 1909)*; Macrochelidae: Macrocheles glaber (Mü ller, 1860)*, Macrolaspis recki (Bregetova & Koroleva, 1960); Macrodinychidae: Macrodinychus bregetovaae (Hirschmann, 1975)*; Melicharidae: Proctolaelaps pygmaeus (Mü ller, 1860)*; Pachylaelapidae: Olopachys caucasicus (Koroleva, 1976)*, Onchodellus karawaiewi (Berlese, 1920)*; Parasitidae: Gamasodes spiniger (Trä gå rdh, 1910)*, Parasitus copridis (Costa, 1963)*; Phytoseiidae: Amblyseius azerbaijanicus (Abbasova, 1970), A. nemorivagus (Athias-Henriot, 1961), A. sp., Typhlodromus bakeri (Garman, 1948); Trachytidae: Trachytes cf. aegrota (C. L. Koch, 1841)*; Trematuridae: Trichouropoda elegans (Kramer, 1882)*, T. ovalis (Koch, 1839)*, Nenteria stylifera (Berlese, 1904)*; Uropodidae: Discourella modesta (Leonardi, 1899), Uropoda fumicola (Schweizer, 1961); Veigaiidae: Veigaia nemorensis (Koch, 1836), V. planicola (Berlese, 1882); Zerconidae: Prozercon norae (Ujvari, 2011), Zercon sp.