Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Year:2021 | Volume: | Issue: |Papers Count:14

Introduction: The prevalence of asthma has increased dramatically among children. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of asthma symptoms among school‐, age children in Zahedan, southeast of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1, 600 primary school girls and boys were examined by multistage random sampling. Data were collected using the International ISAAC Questionnaire. The data were analyzed in Stata. 14 software using chi-square test, multiple logistic regression and Kappa coefficient. Results: The prevalence of asthma based on physician diagnosis was 6. 2%. The prevalence of asthma was statistically significant in girls with 8. 3% and boys with 4. 2% (P <0. 05). The prevalence of asthma with rhinitis was statistically significant. (P <0. 05). The occurrence of asthma was related to BMI, sex, allergy history in family, TV watching time, type of heating and cooking (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma and its symptoms in Iranian schoolchildren is not high, but is continuing to increase in new birth cohorts. However, the mothers have most important role in screening and early diagnosis of Asthma in school children regarding determinants in this study. Moreover, different sources and Keywords: Asthma, measures can lead to different results regarding evaluation of asthma and its symptoms.

Introduction: One of the most important factors causing musculoskeletal disorder is awkward body posture during work. Ergonomic interventions to improve working posture are essential. Improving posture is effective in promoting health, reducing stress and reducing work discomfort, it is also an important factor in terms of work efficiency and job performance. There is a close relationship between posture and work efficiency, which has led to improved posture, increased efficiency and job performance. Materials and Methods: The present quasi-experimental research is a descriptiveanalytical study that has been performed on 164 employees of small workshops. This study was performed in three stages including ergonomic evaluation of employees' posture using REBA, implementing the interventions and re-evaluation of the postures. WILCOXON statistical method was used to analyze the results. Results: The results of this study showed the improvement of posture in the organs of neck, trunk, arm, forearm, wrist and legs. Also, the comparison of overall score and risk level before and after the intervention was significant (P <0. 005). The highest effect of the interventions was in the posture of legs (84%) and trunk (77%). Conclusion: The present study showed that ergonomic interventions in small union workshops can have an effective and significant improvement in work postures.

Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic has created the most fatal health crisis in humanity in the recent century. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between employees' spirituality and organizational vitality in the outcome of the health carers's work in Hajar hospital, a military ground forces hospital in Tehran, during the first year of COVID-19 pandemic. The main purpose was to determine any significant relationships between staff spirituality and organizational vitality in the hospital. Materials and Methods: This descriptive survey study was performed from March 2019 to February 2020. Seventy-one employees were recruited as the sample size using the Morgan table. The characteristic of the components of employees' spirituality were examined by performing Kingerski and Skrypnek questionnaires. All variables of the organizational vitality were determined using Rojelf model and a researcher-made questionnaire which was approved by the relevant experts. To analyze the data for determination the relationship among indicators, the structural equation model was exercised using LISREL software. Results: Most of the cases were between 21 and 39 years old. The results showed that there were significant relationships between all examined characteristics of the employees' spirituality and organizational vitality. Conclusion: The results confirmed that there were significant relationships between spiritual desire, spiritual connection, sense of unity, mystical experience and the organizational vitality components including positive thinking, organizational learning, organizational participation, organizational openness, meaningful life, and interest. Accordingly, determining the effects of interactions among those values in their reciprocal promotions are deserved to be seriously studied to achieve an advanced and successful COVID-19 disease management.

Introduction: Proper management and control of pain requires evaluation and treatment based on observation of the patient's condition. The aim of this study was to examining of the effect of patient evidence-based ambulation on pain after inguinal hernia surgery in Imam Hossein (AS) Hospital in Shahroud. Materials and Methods: This is a single-blind clinical trial. In witch the study population was with hernia surgery in 2017. 60 patients were divided into experimental and control groups by random allocation. Data collecting was done by the help of demographic forms and visual simulation scale of pain. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software and Kolmogorov, Fisher, Friedman’, s chi-2 and Wilkason tests. Results: The pain intensity among the experimental group's participants was less than control group's at the first step, before the first ambulation (6. 30 versus6. 50) At the second step, befor the second ambulation, the experimental group’, s participants suffered from less pain intensity in comparison with the control group (5. 40 versus6. 83) and also the pain intensity at the third step was less in experimental group than the control group (5. 27 versus7. 00) At the fourth step before the fourth ambulation, the experimental group's participants felt a less pain intensity than the control group's patients (5. 37versus6. 57) At the fifth step, before dismissal, the adnauseam intensity in the experimental group was also less than control group (3. 57 versus 5. 77) Conclusion: The research results shows that evidence based ambulation, after surgery is accompanied with decreasing the patient's pain intensity.

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome with two main symptoms: repetitive behavior and social interaction disorder. Camel milk, due to its antioxidant, immune-modulating, antiinflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties maybe have beneficial effects on ASD. Materials and Methods: Pregnant rats were injected intraperitoneally on day 12. 5 of gestation with 500 mg/kg valproic acid. Then male neonatal rats were divided into five groups: Control group, valproic acid group, camel raw milk group + risperidone, and pasteurized camel milk group + risperidone. For the treatment period, rats have injected with risperidone (0. 2 mg/kg) three times a week, and raw and boiled camel milk was given daily (10 ml/kg) for 42 days. Experiments of social interaction and repetitive behavior were measured at the beginning and end of the treatment period. Results: The offspring of mothers who received valproic acid had problems in social interactions, and sociability and social preference indexes were significantly reduced. Repetitive self-glooming behaviors also increased in VPA-rats. The treatment groups improved their social and repetitive behaviors after receiving camel milk and risperidone and were significantly different from the valproic acid and pre-treatment groups. Moreover, sociability and social preference indexes showed an increase after treatment with camel milk. Sociability index, social preference, social preference index, and repetitive behaviors before and after treatment between groups improved significantly (p <0. 001) after treatment. Conclusion: Treatment with a camel milk diet improved the main behaviors of autism symptoms, such as social interactions and repetitive movements.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes requires special self-care behaviors for the rest of your life. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of education on glycemic control in the elderly with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: The present study was a randomized controlled intervention that was performed on 110 elderly people with type 2 diabetes by multistage random sampling method in Mallard city (55 patients in each group). The cases received 2 intensive training sessions and then the training follow-up by sending daily SMS to the mobile phone for a period of three months. Data related to demographic status, anthropometric indices, self-care rate and glucose profile indices of patients were collected before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 and independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and ANOVA. Results: Comparison of glucose profiles of control and intervention patients before and after three months of educational intervention showed a significant decrease in mean FBS and HbA1c (p<0/001). The results also showed that the mean of all areas of self-care except the area related to non-smoking in the intervention group had a significant increase (p<0/05) and the mean of their total self-care score increased from unfavorable and semi-desirable to the beginning of the desired level (p<0/001). Conclusion: Intensive training program based on theory of stages of change has been significantly effective on self-care behavior and glycemic control in the elderly with type 2 diabetes so it is necessary to pay attention to these variables in designing educational interventions for this age group.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system and is characterized by symptoms of pain and decreased functional capacity. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotion regulation skill training and acceptance and commitment therapy on cognitive failures and emotional avoidance in patients with MS. Materials and Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental with a pretestposttest and follow-up design. Subjects with a age range of 20-20 years and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) of one to 5. 5 were selected purposefully and voluntarily and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. In the pretest-post-test phase and the 2-month follow-up, both groups answered Broadbent and et al. cognitive failure questionnaires and Kennedy et al. emotional avoidance. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23 and covariance analysis method with repeated measurements. Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance with repeated measurements showed that emotion regulation skill training and acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in reducing cognitive Failures and emotional avoidance of multiple sclerosis patients (p<0. 001). A review of the effectiveness of the graphs and the size of the impact factor also showed the stability of the interventions in the follow-up phase. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we can use the emotion regulation skill training and acceptance and commitment therapy along with drug interventions to reduce cognitive failures and emotional avoidance of multiple sclerosis patients in medical centers.

Introduction: Microphthalmia is defined as the presence of a small eye inside the orbit, which occurs 30 times per 100, 000 live births. 11% of which have been reported blind. Case report: The patient was a 35-year-old pregnant woman born to a normal mother of 33 years and one day pregnant on the basis of NT sonography. Examination was observed on the first day after delivery of left eye microphthalmia. Conclusion: To prevent microphthalmia, it is necessary to address this issue in the second trimester of pregnancy, and if the pregnant mother has been exposed to Xrays or has an infectious disease or other risk factors such as long-term use of thalidomide, warfarin and alcohol, deficiency Vitamin A, it is recommended in addition to ultrasound if possible genetic testing.

Introduction: Hospitals, as an important unit in the modern treatment system, using various sources, are responsible for providing, maintaining and promoting health for individuals in the community. In order to perform this important service, it is necessary to meet their needs properly. This study was conducted to design a model of factors affecting hospital services supply chain. Materials and Methods: This is a combined (qualitative-quantitative) research in which the opinions of fifteen experts about the hospital supply chain from six provinces of the country were used. After conducting a semi-structured interview, their opinions were collected until saturation and then analyzed. The framework analysis approach was used to determine the effective factors. Using Delphi method, the level of agreement of experts was evaluated. Results: After analysis and coding, finally seven main topics including financial resources, human resources, technologies, induced demand, management, supply and distribution, and construction and equipment were identified. Meanwhile, management (mean4/42±, 0/46 and mean rank5/56) was identified as the most important factor. Conclusion: Although financial or human resources and other factors inside or outside the organization affect the hospital services supply chain, but investing to improve management prevents or reduces the impact of many challenges.

Introduction: Similar to some organic materials the heavy metals are not easily removed from the environment because of the toxic nature and form a class of stable and non-biodegradable pollutants. These elements enter the nature and the food chain as a result of natural activities such as eruptions of volcanoes and human activities such as mining, producing industrial and urban wastewaters and applying pesticides. Materials and Methods: In this study, chrome (VI)-resistant bacteria were isolated from the industrial wastewater taken from Isfahan Mobarakeh Steel Complex. The isolated strains were identified and their resistance to chromium was determined and the strain with the highest resistance to chromium was used for its bioremediation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one way ANOVA. Results: The results of this study led to the identification of five chrome resistant strains that the Micrococcus luteus SEHD031RS bacterium was detected as the best chrome resistant strain due to the minimum inhibitory concentration of 140 mgLand minimum bactericidal concentration of 152 mgL-1. In this study, the highest chromium removal rate of 82. 5% was obtained at pH 4, concentration of 30 mgL-1 and 96 hours. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the Micrococcus luteus SEHD031RS strain can be used as an effective microorganism in removing chromium from industrial wastewater or environmental bioremediation.