OURMAZD JOURNAL
Year:2018 | Volume:- | Issue:2 (43)|Papers Count:21

Recognition of “Pain” from phenomological and knowledge pointof view encompasses a wide range of humankinds and authors and poets are mostly categorized in this section because poets normally feel more fully the poetical emotions and feelings and pain and suffering factors in each era and time. The main reasons of pain and suffering can be obtained while considering humankinds’ mental opinions when facing the external world. The main reasons for human beings’ sufferings are their deprivation of human rights, their natural rights and mental, psychological disturbances and today’s problems in living.Living without pain is impossible for humankinds because being a human and living humanly and dying in its human manner require the essences of pain and suffering. The present research aims at analyzing and criticizing the concepts of pain and suffering in the poems of Akhavan, a well-knowledged poet of pain in four fields of semantics, existentialism, duties and goals of humans by means of content analyses and library research.Among predictable results after examination of Akhavan’s literary works from the viewpoint of pain and sufferings one can mention that the manifestation of pain and suffering priorities such as sin, death, destiny, etc. are applied very much and the tension arising from destiny and death with varied imageries are being observed.

Beliefs are transferring from a land to land, and they combine with rituals and mythical beliefs and find novel and new forms or disperse with that exact form. Some beliefs have expanded application and are found in most cultures and rooted in truths which have been converted to myths among nations. Hormozgan people are also committed to some beliefs like the people in other regions and they transfer these beliefs generation by generation and preserve them. Regarding the fact that for recognition of eachnation one must examine that nation’s customs and beliefs, the present article examines Folklore beliefs in marriage ceremony of Hormozgan through using content analysis method and by means of objective observations and interviews, and it has been cleared that Hormozgan people enjoy specific beliefs in their marriage ceremonies and they are still committed to these beliefs.

The present paper aims at examination and recognition of the relationship between those orthographical errors found in compositions and Kurdish-Language students which result in phonemic processes. Considering the fact that phonemic and conversational differences existing in Kurdish language have influence on written forms of Persian words and lexicons, therefore, one of the main problems in Persian-language compositions written by Kurdish speakers of primary schools is the existence of orthographical errors pertaining to phonemic processes such as deletion. From the viewpoint of psychology of language, the influence of phonemic processes in instances such as hearing sensitivities arising from the weakness in hearing memory, visionary, and weakness in visual memory are being appeared, and bilingualism also makes an impact on this phenomenon. Certainly, one can say that orthography is a vivid, dynamic and semi-active process in writing and while a person hears a word, he writes it down as well. However, students while writing compositions, they are thinking about words and creating them as well, and they write appropriate words which are suitable to the text and they should apply words which are orthographically correct to apply. The method of the present research is of descriptive-analysis nature by following Salinger Error Analysis Method (7332). The statistical society of it consists of Kurdish speaking students in Sap Pol Zahab city and through using the sampling method of one-phase clustering method, 731 compositions have been analyzed and examined and the specified results have been found; Acquired results are as follows: 7 – Most students showed visual memory weakness in writing words whose morphological construction in Persian language have no one to one correspondence to their alphabet.2 – In writing words whose morphological construction possesses alphabets whose phonological producing place are not the same, they also showed hearing sensory weakness.

Comparative literature is a branch of literature which examines various types of literature among different nations of the world, and it compares various literary texts of different fields such as aesthetics, stylists, and literary criticism, and it finds similar and different aspects of them and manifests them to the readers through which it defines the extent of influence and impacts of various types of literature among various nations’ literature. Iran and Afghanistan have literary exchanges since old times and both countries accompanying one another have common rulers in some periods of time during the course of the history and they were regarded as a same country. In the present paper, we would point to stylistic, aesthetic and belief similarities of Hafiz and Ayesheh Dorrani and the extent of influence of Hafiz on Ayesheh.Ayesh was one of the followers of Hafiz who versified in Iraqi style and she borrowed some of her themes from Hafiz.

Tooti Nameh is among invaluable narrative literary pieces, a story written in 8th century by Zia Nakhshabi, and the book is a lyrical and symbolic prose text whose origin traces back to India and its language is of folklore oral speeches and due to the existence of varied cultures and very rich themes, is of prominence and capacity for being analyzed and studied and criticism. In the present paper, Tooti Nameh will be examined and analyzed.

Persian literature has been an epiphany of invaluable works by great thinkers, poets and renowned men of literature which have made immunity for the noble literature of Iran through creating invaluable pieces and works and protecting them from numerous fearful events during the course of history. Examination of the nature of thoughts in these noble men is of prominence for promotion of literary level in this country. Studying numerous personality dimensions and these authors, poets and men of literature’s thoughts in various aspects including mystical, religious, amore and philosophical approaches can provide a new image for recognition of novel aspects in their thinking layers and can prepare a new way for creating new path and literary works. Among such figures who are invaluable for recognition is the2 th century mystic, Ahmad Ghazali. In his works, Ahmad Ghazali always clearly showed the truth of love and manifested it as base and origin of existence and his book “Savaneh Al-Oshagh” is full of pictures, imageries, Quranic verses and Traditions accompanying poems which attract his special audience for contemplating on Ahmad Ghazali’s mystical and lyrical points to comprehend his mystical and mysterious states. The present research, by means of content analysis method and library research aims at introducing and examining thoughts of Ahmad Ghazali.

Folklore literature is one of the richest sources for studying culture and history of the society. Couplets, Lullabies, folklore lyrics, proverbs and riddles are simple and at the same time brief and profound in meaning and each of them has its own stories and events hidden in them. Minab city is also one of the spots of the country which enjoys its own rich oral and pure literature which unfortunately has been the object of interest less than other regions around Iran. In the present article, through using a content analysis and library research, the common riddles and proverbs in this city whose content focuses on animals have been extracted, examined and analyzed. The results of analyses indicate that the main theme in the application of animal names in proverbs reflects ethical and educational issues. The most application of proverbs also focuses on the institution of education which brings about the promotion of intelligence and memory.

In literature, everyday life experiences have been expressed by means of a specific language. Satire is a type of literature which is applying a jesting type of language for improving and emphasizing the subject in an influential manner. Satire is written in prose and verse types in world literature and it has had manifestations in Persian and Baloochi literature as well. The present research through using a descriptive method and after a brief review of satire in Baloochi language, starts to introduce Abed Askani’s satire works by relying on one of his works’ contents under the title of “Chosheyn Shoom O Shanzdah”. The book consists of 38 poems of satire type which contains various themes of life from Baluchi people’s living styles, specifically the lives of Pakistan’s Baluchi people. The results of the study indicates that the poet was capable of using a simple and local language for examination of social and cultural problems of Baluchi society and he created and invaluable literary work. In the viewpoint of the author of this article, the book is of value and credit for being introduced through various academic papers and being promoted by being translated into other langauges.

Folklore is the most common things that has rooted in the minds and lives of the community. Believing to some thoughts, from long ago, has been mixed with people's lives. Through study them, many of unsaid things is told and social and psychological interpretation and analysis are important.This article, reflect of common beliefs, superstitions and rituals in Khajoo Kermani Khamseh, is studied by the library method and then is written by analytical and descriptive method. In this article, first is noticed to analysis and classification of folk beliefs and superstitions and rituals and then thoughts in Khamseh is classified in some limited groups. Under the main title, the sub-titles have been analyzed.The article casts some lights on the forgotten aspects of literature and show how interwoven the writing of this great poet with the folkloric elements of the community. Another point of view is that many folkloric elements are still alive. Therefore, there are no difference between now and then.This article also makes it clear that the beliefs of man were based on religion and rites. But gradually, as religions developed and religious rites were somehow forgotten, their common features were not lessened among nations.

Jamasb Nameh is among valuable texts remained from before advent of Islam. This paper includes Jamasb comments, the minister and predictor of one of the Kiani’s kings, King Goshtasb. Jamasb Nameh main context is about world creation and fate that Jamasb had predicted it by the use of stars observation and also we can see that there are some parts about Iranian’s kings in it. It has been said that the main text of Jamasb Nameh has been preserved by Persians of India until recent days. Its main text had been in pahlavi language until it has been translated to Persian in Islamic era and there are several almost same translations of it at the end of Ghajarieh era. There is one hand writing version of it, which is relatively heterogeneous in terms of volume and content, but the difference is not too much. Considering available resources, this paper is trying to introduce Jamasb, who was a meta-historic characteristic and also his valuable book -Jamasb Nameh- which has been neglectedby researches until now and also discussing his thoughts mentioned in this book. Using descriptive and analytic method, we are trying to compare available various versions of this book through providing different examples and observations and discussing their stylistic characteristics of linguistic level and also their writing and grammatical styles. Comparing the heterogeneous version of Jamasb Nameh with other relatively same versions, it can be concluded that there may be some other versions which have a little difference with its main text and are unknown and unavailable today or at least there are two different reports which have been discussed in this paper.

Story and story-telling of lyrics of grandmothers and former generations are being handed down from generation to generation and they make us aware of the essence and hidden of various subjects. Story leads humankinds into a mystical and mysterious world. Sometimes, it opens doors to mysteries and sometimes it locks the door of mysteries for making the humankinds contemplating.Story-telling is among important activities in artistic and cultural centers. Telling tens of stories in year are being performed in such centers. Holding story-telling festivals in regional and international scopes are being held in provisional centers of these institutes. Such important activities have converted these centers into a base for stories and story-telling. Wish primary schools would invest on this project and like Institute for the Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults, they could promote and advertise story-telling in schools. The present academic research examines the importance of various story-telling methods with a new and novel outlook.