Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2019 | Volume:18 | Issue:1|Papers Count:10

Background and Objective: The present study aimed to study the effectiveness of the acceptance-based couples therapy on compatibility and hope among persons with partners diagnosed with obsessive personality disorder. Subjects and Methods: The statistical population of this study consisted of all couples from Tehran with obsessive personality disorder who had referred to the Office of Mayor's Deputy for Cultural and Social Affairs of Distric 15 Counseling Department of Tehran City. The subjects age ranged from 25 to 48 years old and had experienced at least one year of married life before March 20, 2017. Being diagnosed with acute mental illnesses other than obsessive personality disorder, separation and unwillingness to participate in the study were among exclusion criteria. From among these people who had referred to Family Counseling Centers of Tehran city, 20 persons who were willing to participate in the study were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned into two groups of experimental group and control group. Participants in both groups were administered two questionnaires as pre-test including, (1) Spenery's marital adjustment questionnaire (1990) and (2) Herth's life expectancy questionnaire (1999), Revised: screening for marital discord. While the participants in control group received no treatment in waiting list, the couples in the experimental group participated in a twelve session-two hours each – ACT-based integrative psycheducational course delivered once a week. After the final session both groups were administered the questionnaires as post-test. For ethical considerations, at the end of the study a six-session training course was held for the control group as well. The data were analyzed using covariance analysis the result. Results: The results showed that experimental treatment was effective on improving compatibility and hope among the participants (P<0. 01). Conclusion: The acceptance-based couples therapy method can be used for improving couples' relations accoring to its effects on obsessive psrsonality disordered persons.

Background and objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of Jaftex and Persica mouthwashes on salivary pH and buffer capacity. Methodology: This clinical, double-blind, on two groups of 20 people. The salivary pH and buffer capacity of all samples were determined. Persica mouthwash was given to group A and Jaftex mouthwash was given to group B. At minutes 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30, after using mouthwashes, the saliva samples were re-collected and the pH and degree of buffer capacity of the samples were measured. After 72 hours of washout period for both groups, Jaftex was given to group A and Persica was given to group B and the saliva samples were re-collected in the mentioned minutes and the pH and the degree of buffer capacity were determined. The results were analyzed by repeated measures test. Significant level was considered Results: The mean pH of saliva in the times before and after 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 minutes was 7. 05, 6. 78, 6. 67, 6. 74, 6. 65, and 6. 82, respectively, Jaftex mouthwash was 6. 99, 7. 30, 6. 69, 6. 66, 6. 67, and 6. 99, respectively, and pH difference between the first 5 minutes and before the use of Persica and Jaftex mouthwashes was significant (P <0. 05). The results of this study did not show an increase in salivary buffer capacity in two groups. Conclusion: The use of Jaftex as an herbal mouthwash is effective in preventing tooth decay and it is recommended to the people with high risk of decay.

Background and Objective: Now-a-days one of the most common anorectal problems is hemorrhoid. Minor symptom of disease can be treated by medical treatment but at high grade of the disease we should consider surgery. Although conventional surgery is the standard operation for hemorrhoid, it is associated with some complications. Many techniques are designed to overcome these problems. One of these procedures is stapled hemorrhoidopexy. The objective of this study was to compare the effectives this technique with the conventional hemorrhoidectomy. Subjects and Methods: This is a clinical trial study was conducted on 40 patients with hemorrhoids in Ahvaz Razi Hospital. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (n=20) was treated with stapled hemorrhoidopexy and Group B (n=20) was treated with conventional hemoroidectomy method. Sphincter tone, resting and pressing before and after surgery was measured and compared between two groups. Results: Data analysis showed that there was no significant differences in tone sphincter resting and pressing before and after surgery in stapled hemorrhoidopexy group and conventional hemoroidectomy group (P=0. 32). Also, there was no significant difference between the mean scores of pain in groups (P=0. 32). However, the loss of blood, the need for analgesic drugs and return to work in stapled hemorrhoidopexy group was significantly lower than that of conventional surgery group (P<0. 001). Conclusion: Findings of study showed that the stapled hemorrhoidopexy technique is an alternative and is more effective treatment then conventional technique which can be used in adult age groups producing less pain, lower blood loss, shorter duration of hospitalization and early time to return to work.

Background and Objective: This research aimed to compare the Theory of Mind (TOM) ability in stuttering pre-school children and their normal peers and also to investigate the effect of the TOM on the stuttering severity of children who were studied in a case-control study mannner. Subjects and Methods: The participants included pre-school children (girls and boys) who stutter and normal peers in Zahedan city. The mean age of children in the both groups was 6 year-old. Sixteen Persian language children who stutter (CWS) in a convenient sampling method with a minimum of six months of stuttering were selected. Eighteen normal peers homogeneous in terms of demographic variables were selected as a control group. For collection of the data, Theory of Mind questionnaire was used that its validity and reliability was reported by Qumrani et al (2005). The data were analyzed by ANOVA. Results: The results showed that the CWS received more scores than the normal children in the Theory of Mind test, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P <0. 0001). Conclusion: Findings of the current study showed that the stuttering children considered and interpreted the stimuli in a different way than the normal peers.

Background and Objective: Upper air spaces are among the most important elements involved in breathing. There is a close correlation between the size of airway space and the morphology of the face. The aim of this study was to evaluate the depth of upper airway by radiographies of cephalometrics in individuals with skeletal classes and vertical growth patterns. Subjects and Methods: This is a retrospective study using digital lateral cephalometric images taken from the archives of Radiology Department of Ahvaz Dental School. One hungred and five radiographic samples were examined in sagittal and vertical dimensions, and nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal depths were measured in each dimension. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22 and the results were determined by Tukey HSD and variance tests. Results: In the sagittal dimension, there was a significant statistical difference in depth of the nasopharyngeal between skeletal classes I and III and also in the depth of the oropharyngeal between classes II and III. Compared with classes I and II and classes II and III, the mean hypopharynx depth was significantly (P<0. 05). No significant statistical difference was found among the different individuals in the vertical dimension (P>0. 05). According to the results, skeletal deep bite, nasopharyngeal depth and skeletal open bite increase the depth of the oropharyngeal and hypopharynx. Conclusion: In sagittal dimension, in class I, nasopharyngeal depth and in grade III increases the depth of oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal. In the vertical dimension, people with skeletal deep bite, nasopharyngeal depth and skeletal open bite individualy increase the depth of oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal.

Background and Objective: Selenium (Se) is a potent antioxidant and therefore can prevent unwanted and harmful reactions that occur in the body due to the accumulation of free radicals and toxins. Se deficiency can be a result of an inappropriate diet or illness. Hemodialysis is considered as the dominant treatment in end stage of renal failure. The level of some trace elements in the blood of these patients increases and some others are reduced. The aim of this study was to determine the blood Se level in these patients. Subjects and Methods: 123 hemodialysis patients were evaluated. Se content in whole blood was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometric method with graffiti furnace after digestion. Results: In this study, 123 cases of dialysis patients were 67 men (54. 47%) and 56 women (45. 56%). The mean of Se in the blood of hemodialysis patients was 52. 24 ± 12. 66 μ g /L. Se levels in male and female were 52 ± 13. 04 and 53 ± 12. 77 μ g /L respectively, which were not statistically significant. The present study also showed that dialysis duration did not have a significant effect on Se blood levels. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the blood level of Se in hemodialysis patients is less than normal, and there is no significant difference between the two sexes regarding the content of Se blood.

Background and Objective: Domestic violence is the most common violence against women with negative effects on mother’ s health, family, children and society. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and determinants of domestic violence against women in Ahvaz. Subjects and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 310 of women referred to the forensic medicine of Ahvaz in 2016-2017. Information about age, sex, job, education, type of injury and damage tools were collected through a person's case file. Data were analyzed using SPSS with 95% confidence interval. Results: The most common violence against women was physical violence (73. 1%). The prevalence of mental-emotional violence was 26. 9%. The results showed that housewives (78%) than employed women (21. 9 %) were more vulnerable to domestic violence, and there was significant relationship between unemployment and the rate of domestic violence (P≤ 0. 01). The results showed that all types of violence against women associated with education (p≤ 0. 001), and most common violence was against those with high school diploma (54. 5 percent) and under diploma (25. 7%) compared to academic subjects (19. 9 percent). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that physical violence was the most widespread form of domestic violence and is related to the occupation and education of individuals. Regarding the high prevalence of domestic violence, screening programs are necessary to reduce this problem, and education is the best proposed solution to reduce domestic violence against women.

Background and Objective: Free radicals play a role in the pathology of many diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and especially in the aging process. The use of antioxidant agents, especially antioxidants from plant sources, can play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of these diseases. The aim of the present study was to prepare the nanoemulsion formulation of sour cherry kernel oil and to investigate its antioxidant and cytotoxic effects on normal and cancerous cells. Subjects and Methods: Nanoemulsion was prepared by the use of polysorbate 80 and polysorbate 20 in water as an emulsion of oil in water. Polyethylene glycol was used as the co-surfactant. Antioxidant effects of concentrations of 31. 25, 62. 5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 μ g/ml of nanomulsion were investigated on DPPH and ABTS radicals and compared with glutathione as standard. In addition, the cytotoxic effects of nanomulsion on A549 cancer cells and normal HUVEC cells were investigated. Results: The antioxidant results show the potential of nanoemulsion in the removal of radicals of DPPH and ABTS with an IC50 concentration of 412 and 502  g/ml respectively. Furthermore, the results of the cytotoxicity test showed the greater potency of nanoemulsion on the elimination of cancer cells compared to normal cells (with an IC50 of 52 mg/ml versus 70 mg/ml). Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study indicate the potentially antioxidant and anti-cancer effects of nanoemulsion of sour cherry kernel oil, which can be used to prevent and treat many diseases that are associated with the production of reactive oxygen species.

Background and Objective: The test of Gross Motor Development is broadly used in research and clinical settings. The aim of study was to evaluate of the psychometric properties of TGMD– 3 in 7-10 year old children with intellectual disability in Tehran. Subjects and Methods: The research method was descriptive-normative. 208 children aged 7-10 years were selected by cluster sampling from Tehran. Our research tool was TGMD-3. The factor analysis, inter-class and Pearson correlation coefficients statistical methods were used. Results: The content validity ratio ranged from 0. 60 to 1. Content validity index showed a range of 0. 80 to 1. The internal consistency for the locomotor, ball skills subtests and total TGMD-3 was 0. 75, 0. 71 and 0. 83 respectively. The test-retest reliability was 0. 94, 0. 93 and 0. 94, respectively. The intra-rater reliability coefficient for the locomotor, ball skills subtests and total TGMD-3 was 0. 99, 0. 99 and 0. 99 respectively, while inter-rater was 0. 94, 0. 88 and 0. 95, respectively. The correlation coefficients of the subtests with age for the locomotor, ball skills subtests and TGMD-3 was 0. 64, 0. 68 and 0. 72 respectively. The construct validity was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. Characteristics of goodness were fitted in the factor of locomotor and ball skills. (χ 2(78)=645. 7, P=0. 0001, RMSEA=0. 02, GFI=0. 95, AGFI=0. 93, NFI=0. 95, NNFI=0. 99, CFI=1, IFI=1, SRMR=0. 04). Conclusion: Validity and reliability of TGMD-3 in children with intellectual disability were confirmed. They can be safely used to evaluate the motor development. However, for children with other disorders, results can not be generalized. Further studies should consider the psychometric properties of TGMD-3 in other developmental disorders.

Background and Objective: The peripheral neuropathic pain is one of the major and largely untreated pain for which physical activity is considered as the main stream treatment. The purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of 6 weeks aerobic training on peripheral neuropathic pain and on the expression of the NOTCH1 receptor and to assess the role of JAK/STAT pathway in the spinal cord of diabetic male rats. Subjects and Methods: Forty male Wistar rats (age: 8 weeks old; weight 220± 10. 2g) were randomly divided into 4 groups: diabetic neuropathy training (DNT), diabetic neuropathy control (DNC), healthy training (HT) and healthy control (HC). The diabetic groups two weeks after induction of diabetes, behavioral pain tests were administered and endurance training protocol was performed for 6 weeks at 5 sessions per week. To evaluate the expression of NOTCH1, IL6, TNF-a and STAT3 were measured using Real Time PCR technique. For analysis of the data, one-way ANOVA statistical test was used and significant level was considered at P <0. 05. Results: After 6 weeks of aerobic training, the expression of NOTCH1, IL6, TNF-aand STAT3 genes in diabetic neuropathy training group was significantly lower than the diabetic neuropathy control group. The mean weight of the diabetic neuropathic training group was more than the diabetic neuropathy control group. In addition, exercise significantly decreased blood glucose level in the diabetic neuropathy group. Conclusion: The results show that aerobic exercise can effect pain sensation in rats with diabetic neuropathy. In addition, aerobic exercise, seems to induce this action by reducing the level of expression of NOTCH1, IL6, TNF-a and STAT3.