Nursing And Midwifery Journal
Year:2021 | Volume:19 | Issue:4 (141)|Papers Count:8

Due to the side effects and risks of chemical drugs, women are willing to use complementary and herbal medicine during pregnancy and after childbirth. Because of this, researchers have focused significantly on medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to review the effects of evening primrose in pregnancy and postpartum. In this systematic review study, all articles in Persian and English available in SID, Magiran, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed databases using Persian keywords Maghrib, pregnancy, and postpartum and English keywords evening primrose, obstetrics, onagraceae, postpartum until 2021 were retrieved. The quality of the articles included in this systematic review was evaluated using the Jadad scale and 8 articles were evaluated. In this study, 5 studies related to cervical readiness, 1 study related to diabetes, and 2 studies related to postpartum grief scored 3 and more and other studies were excluded. The results showed that the use of evening primrose had a significant effect on improving the lipid profile of gestational diabetes and the duration of postpartum grief and in relation to cervical readiness, contradictory results were obtained. Due to the small number of studies and conflicting results related to the effect of evening primrose in pregnancy and postpartum, further studies in this area are necessary.

Background & Aim: This study aimed to examine the model of marital conflict and marital communicational skills as mediators' family of origin and marital satisfaction. Materials & Methods: This study using was conducted correlative type of simultaneous hierarchical regression in population of female married nurses of public and private hospitals related to JondiShapour University of Medical Sciences. 200 female, married nurses were recruited according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and using voluntary sampling method, and then they responded to Family of Origin Scale, Marital Satisfaction Scale, Kansas Marital Conflict Scale, and Marital Communication Pattern Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient and Simultaneous Hierarchical Regression Analysis by statistical software of SPSS-22. Results: The results of correlation coefficients showed that there were significant, positive and negative correlations between family of origin, marital communicational skills, and marital conflict with marital satisfaction. Also, the results of the simultaneous hierarchical regression analysis indicated that marital communicational skills significantly, positively and marital conflict significantly, negatively mediated the relationship between family of origin and marital satisfaction. Conclusion: According to the findings, individuals' previous experiences in their family of origin influence their later lives with their spouses and bequeath a perpetuated effect on their experiences and behavioral patterns.

Background & Aims: Patients with asthma experience high levels of stress. Asthma is a major health problem in most parts of the world. Psychological therapies can play a major role in reducing healthrelated disorders such as worry, rumination, and asthma control. The present study investigates the effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioral therapy on worry, rumination, and asthma control in patients with asthma. Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study was a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all patients with asthma in Urmia in 2019. Twenty-four patients with asthma were selected by purposive sampling after reviewing the inclusion criteria and then they were randomly divided into two groups of 12 (experimental group and control group). The two groups were evaluated in the pre-test using the Nalin Hooksma and Murrow (1991) mental rumination questionnaire, the Penstet Zeinberg and Barlow questionnaire (PSWQ) and the asthma control test (ACT). The experimental group then underwent group cognitive-behavioral therapy while the control group did not receive any psychological intervention. At the end of eight sessions of treatment, the experimental and control groups in the post-test and follow-up stages were evaluated again by questionnaires. Then, the data were analyzed by analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy had a significant effect on worry and asthma control in the experimental group but was not significant in the rumination variable despite the difference. Conclusion: It can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy can be effective as a complementary therapy along with drug therapy in people with asthma.

Background & Aim: Caregivers in care centers for the mentally retarded are associated with a lot of stress and stressors that in addition to physical, mental and social disorders, also affect the quality of care and work conscience of these people. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of an educational intervention based on Roy model on the work conscience of caregivers (mothers) in people with mental disabilities hospitalized in Shahid Madani Rehabilitation Center in Zarrinshahr, Isfahan. Material & Methods: This quasi-experimental single-group study was performed on 40 caregivers of trainable and isolated mental wards of Shahid Madani Rehabilitation Center in 2016. The samples were purposefully selected and the data collection tool was a zinc survey and cognition questionnaire and a custom consumption questionnaire that was completed before the educational intervention. Then, in order to meet the needs of the educational content in six sessions of two and a half hours in the form of PowerPoint, lectures and questions and answers were held. Also, a three-month follow-up process was performed in relation to the interventions. Immediately after the intervention and three months after the follow-up, the work conscience questionnaire was completed again. Study data were evaluated using SPSS software and descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: Analysis of variance repeated measures showed that the mean scores of caregivers' work conscience before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and three months after follow-up was statistically significant and this difference was an increasing trend (p <0. 001). Conclusion: The results showed that the assessment of educational needs based on the Roy model and educational-supportive based on this model have been associated with improving the work conscience of formal caregivers of mentally retarded people.

Background & Aims: Special physical and psychological conditions caused by pregnancy can have psychological consequences for mother and baby. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy techniques training (pregnancy period) with lavender aromatherapy (active phase of labor) on anxiety and patience of primiparous women with insecure attachment to spouse (one month after delivery). Materials & Methods: This clinical trial study was performed in 2020 on 60 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy in Birjand. Insecure attachment pregnant mothers were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into three groups: intervention group 1 (Teaching dialectical behavior therapy techniques and aromatherapy), intervention group 2 (aromatherapy with lavender), and control group (aromatherapy with water). In order to collect data, attachment to spouse, anxiety, and patience were used. Data were analyzed in SPSS statistical software version 25. Results: The results of repeated measure analysis showed that teaching dialectical behavioral therapy techniques with aromatherapy was effective in reducing anxiety and increasing patience (p <0. 001) and the results were stable during the follow-up period and did not increase (p >0/05). In addition, the results of analysis of covariance showed that anxiety during childbirth in both groups of dialectical behavior therapy training with and without aromatherapy decreased significantly (p <0. 001). Dialectical behavior therapy training with aromatherapy was more eefective in reducing anxiety during childbirth than aromatherapy (p <0. 001). Conclusion: Dialectical behavior therapy techniques can be used as a sustainable intervention to reduce anxiety and increase patience and the aromatherapy can also be used as a temporary intervention to reduce anxiety in health centers in pregnant women with insecure attachment to the husband.

Background & Aims: The prevalence of obesity is a threat to health worldwide, with many variables increasing, including eating disorder beliefs and Alexithymia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Teaching Emotion Regulation on the eating disorder beliefs, Alexithymia and weight loss in overweight women. Materials & Methods: The quasi-experimental research design is pre-test-post-test with a control group and follow-up stage. The statistical population included overweight women referring to nutrition clinics in Urmia in 1398. Among them, a sample of 30 people was selected by voluntary sampling method and randomly alternated in two groups of 15 people. For the experimental group, Emotion Regulation intervention based on Gross Model was provided, while the control group did not receive any training. The research instruments included body mass index (BMI), Torento Alexithymia Scale and Eating Disorders Beliefs Questionnaire (EDBQ). After the training course, evaluations related to experimental and control groups were performed again in the post-test phase with a follow-up interval of ٣ month. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that emotion regulation intervention was effective on weight loss, eating disorder beliefs and Alexithymia in overweight women (P <0. 005) and the results were stable during the follow-up period (P <0. 005). Discussion & Conclusion: According to the obtained results, Teaching Emotion Regulation can be used for weight loss, eating disorder beliefs and Alexithymia.

Background & Aims: Pregnancy is among the most important events in women's lives that sometimes can lead to abortion and affect the mental health of the mother. This study aimed to compare the basic psychological needs, pregnancy anxiety, and sexual satisfaction in pregnant women with and without a history of abortion in Javanrood city. Materials & Methods: This research is a cross-sectional causal-comparative study. The statistical population of the present study includes pregnant women with and without a history of abortion who were referred to Javanrood health centers in the spring and summer of 2019 (N=120). The statistical sample of this study consisted of 50 subjects (two groups of 25) from the statistical population who were selected by available sampling method. Data were collected using the Gardia, Deci & Ryan Psychological Needs Questionnaire, abbreviated form of Wendenburg pregnancy anxiety questionnaire, and Larson sexual satisfaction Questionnaire. The data were analyzed with SPSS software version 22. Results: The results of analysis by multivariate analysis revealed that there was no significant difference between the basic psychological needs of pregnant women with and without a history of abortion (p>0. 05). The result of t-test confirmed that there was a significant difference between pregnancy anxiety and sexual satisfaction in women with and without a history of abortion. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the history of abortion affects the psychological health of the mother and it is suggested that regular training and support courses for pregnant women and their families during pregnancy or abortion should be held by psychologists at the level of health centers.

Background & Aims: Attachment is one of the basic human needs or emotional bonds between the growing baby and mother, which is a two-way interactive relationship that is influenced by many factors and many of these factors determine the unknown attachment. Since limited studies have been conducted on maternal-infant attachment behaviors and it seems that the attachment behaviors are different in various cultures, the present study was conducted to determine the predictors of maternal-infant attachment. Materials & Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study that was performed on 300 primiparous women at 8 weeks postpartum who were referred to comprehensive health centers in Zabol from June to October 2019. Inclusion criteriaincluded: being Iranian, women 18 years and older, no baby with abnormalities, ability to read and write, being term at childbirth, no physical (diabetes, hypertension, etc. ) and mental illness. Sampling was done as a quota from comprehensive health centers. Data collection tools included the Individual Characteristics Questionnaire (two sections of demographic information and obstetrics), Beck Disappointment Scale (BHS), and Mother-infant Attachment Scale (MAS). Data analysis was performed using descriptive and analytical statistics such as ANOVA test, t-test, and Pearson in SPSS software version 23 and the significance level was p < 0. 05. Results: The results of the present study showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between maternal age and attachment (r =-0. 126, p₌ 0. 03) while there was no statistically significant relationship between other demographic variables and attachment. There was also a statistically negative correlation between disappointment and attachment (p = 0. 001, r =-0. 29), so that by decreasing the frustration score, the score of mother-to-baby attachment increases. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, among the studied variables, only maternal age and hopelessness were significantly associated with attachment. There was an inverse relationship between hopelessness and age with maternal attachment to the infant after delivery. Maternal mental health is an important factor in the development of attachment style between mother and baby, and disappointment can lead to depression, and postpartum depression can also reduce maternal and infant attachment, so addressing maternal mental health is especially important in the postpartum period.