Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Year:2016 | Volume:34 | Issue:403|Papers Count:6

Background: The incidence of leukemia in the north-west and central provinces of Iran, including Isfahan province, is more than other areas. Since this cancer is a multifactorial disease, and in 90% of cases its etiology is unknown, this study intended to analyse the distribution of leukemia in all kinds of climate in Isfahan province during 2006-2010 period. This was a comparative study of disease distribution and climate situations and its presentation in map.Methods: Information of patients with leukemia in Isfahan province during 2006-2010 was collected from Isfahan Province Health Center. After data filtration, the calculation of the ratio of patients by age, sex, years of developing and county was done. In addition, by using Arc Geographical information system (ArcGIS), the distribution of leukemia in different types of climate was determined.Findings: Semirom, Fereydoon Shahr and Borkhar were the counties with the highest prevalence of leukemia in Isfahan province. The year 2009 was the peak of leukemia incidence.Conclusion: The highest and the lowest leukemia incidence occurred in regions with middle semi-arid climate with 0.03762 persons per squared kilometre and sever dry climate region, respectively.

Background: Urinary tract stone is a common disease in urogenital system. The usual method for treatment of ureteral stones is transurethral lithotripsy (TUL). The aim of this study was to compare the side effects of spinal versus general anesthesia in transurethral lithotripsy.Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial study on 90 patients undergoing transurethral lithotripsy in Alzahra Hospital in Isfahan, Iran, during 2015-2016. Patients were divided in two groups of general and spinal anesthesia. Two groups were compared about operation and recovery time, surgeon and patient satisfaction, vital signs and complications of anesthesia type. Statistical analysis was performed using independent t, Mann-Whitney, chi-square and Fisher's exact tests via SPSS software. P-value<0.05 considered significant.Findings: Recovery time was shorter in group receiving general anesthesia (104.2±25.2 vs.80.0±24.4, P<0.001), while the number of people in need of pethidine (42.0 vs.21.0, P<0.001) and also the dose of pethidine was higher in this group (5.3±0.4 vs.2.2±0.4, P<0.001). General anesthesia group reported higher rates of side effects as well (P=0.010).Conclusion: The findings of this study imply fewer side effects in the use of spinal anesthesia for transurethral lithotripsy.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common neurological disease with various risk factors involved in its onset. The present study aimed to compare the prevalence of risk factors in two groups with and without the syndrome.Methods: In a case-control study, 100 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and 100 healthy people were selected and the prevalence of risk factors in carpal tunnel syndrome were evaluated and compared between the two groups.Findings: Of the known risk factors, prevalence of working with keyboard, powerful working, repetitive movements, working with vibrating tools, inflammatory diseases, obesity, and diabetes was significantly higher in the patient group.Conclusion: Today, the risk factors in carpal tunnel syndrome are changing, and computer users and people who work with vibrating tools are at more risk. Therefore, it is necessary to raise awareness in the community about the new disease risk factors, in order to improve the standard of industrial equipment and home appliances such as kitchen utensils as well.

Background: Genetic polymorphisms in DNA-repair genes may increase the risk of developing cancer due to reducing the DNA-repair capacity. XRCC1 is one of the important genes in DNA repair. This study was designed to examine the polymorphisms associated with XRCC1 Arg399Gln and to investigate its role as susceptibility marker for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in population of Fars province, Iran.Methods: In this case-control study, extracted DNA from 100 healthy controls and 100 patient of lung cancer were used to examine the role of XCRR1 Arg399Gln polymorphism in context of non-small cell lung cancer in population of Fars province in Iran. Amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique was used for determining of individuals’ genotyping.Findings: Our data showed a strong association between Gln/Gln (A/A) genotype and risk of developing non-small cell lung cancer in men. Moreover, men with at least one A allele (AA+AG) showed reduced risk of developing non-small cell lung cancer. No such an associations were found in subgroups of women or when samples were divided based on their ages.Conclusion: According to our results, although there was no significant association between XRCC1 Age399Gln polymorphism and developing of lung cancer in population, men with Gln/Gln genotype were in high risk of developing non-small cell lung cancer in Fars province, Iran. Therefore, Gln/Gln polymorphism could be used as a biomarker for screening men at high risk of lung cancer.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease, with an unclear mechanism, and characterized by axonal damage, demyelination and increase inflammatory. Recently, it has been found that leptin plays a role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. The current study aimed to compare serum level of leptin and aerobic capacity in relapsing and remitting duration in women with multiple sclerosis.Methods: 32 women with multiple sclerosis including 12 in relapsing and 20 in remitting phases participated in this study. Serum level of leptin was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and aerobic capacity was measured using ergometer cycle incremental test. Independent t and Pearson correlation tests were used for data analysis at the significant level of P≤0.05.Findings: Data indicated that leptin was higher in relapsing group; but, aerobic capacity was higher in remitting group (P≤0.05). In addition, a negative and significant correlation was observed between leptin and aerobic capacity in both groups and leptin and body mass index in remitting group (P≤0.05).Conclusion: According to the result, increasing of leptin and decreasing of aerobic capacity associated with relapsing in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.