Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Year:2016 | Volume:34 | Issue:372|Papers Count:8

Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) refers to the condition in which sudden hearing loss happens and mostly occurs when waking in the morning and is followed by progressive hearing loss within 12 hours or less. SSNHL due to rapid accordance is comorbid to psychological reaction in about 90% of patients.Although SSNHL is idiopathic, some studies show a relation between platelet volume and this disease. The aim of this study was to compare the platelet volume between patients with SSNHL patients and a control group.Methods: In a case control study, during 2012-2013, 55 patients with SSNHL and 55 healthy persons were selected and serum level of mean platelete volume (MPV), wight blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) and platelet was compared between the two groups.Findings: The mean of MPV in the case and control group was 8.93±0.96 and 9.55±0.99 and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). Also, the level of WBC and RBC in case groups was higher than the control groups (P>0.050).Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the high level of platelet, MPV and hematocrit probably have an effect on SSNHL, which should be mediated. However, another study with a larger sample size is recommended.

Background: Hair loss can occur due to many diseases and is usually related to treatment of an underlying cause. However, eyebrow may not grow back and restoration with methods such as tattoos or hair transplant surgery is needed. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of tattooing on success rate of eyebrow hair transplantation surgery.Methods: In this clinical trial, 35 patients (5 male, 30 female) completed the study for eyebrow hair transplantation. Patients were divided into two groups based on a history of eyebrow tattoo. Factors such as demographic factors, direction of hair growth, hair density, the underlying cause and a history of drug use, smoking and alcohol were also investigated. Data were analyzed using chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests.Findings: In this study, patients' satisfaction was not significantly different based on tattoo history (P>0.05).Also, other factors associated with patient satisfaction were not significantly different. The average age of patients in the two groups was 30 and 32 years, respectively.Conclusion: This clinical trial showed that doing eyebrow tattoo before surgery does not affect patients ’satisfaction for eyebrow repair surgery. However, another study with larger sample size is recommended.

Background: Post-operative cognitive dysfunctions such as delirium are one of the most important complications after surgeries. There are many risk factors for post-operative cognitive dysfunction and the role of general versus regional anesthesia remains unclear.Methods: In this prospective randomized study, 360 old patients, referred to Feiz educational hospital In Isfahan, Iran were selected and randomly divided into general or regional anesthesia. A questionnaire was filled for each patient including name, age, gender, weight, type of anesthesia and educational status. Patients were evaluated with mini mental status examination (MMSE) questionnaire for the assessment of cognitive function in the day of admission, 24 hours and one week after cataract surgery. In the mentioned questionnaire the score below 20 indicates definite cognitive impairment.Findings: Post cataract surgery MMSE score was below 20 in 3.88% and 6.66% of patients in regional anesthesia and general anesthesia group, respectively. The result indicated that regional anesthesia decreases the MMSE scoring compared to general anesthesia (P<0.001).Conclusion: Regional anesthesia method was better than general anesthesia for elder patients undergoing cataract surgery.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare cardiac output (CO) between two methods of phonocardiography and transthoracic echocardiography in patients with valvular disease and congenital heart anomalies.Methods: Seventy one patients (39 males and 32 females) ranging from 5 days to 13 years (mean: 22.5 months) were enrolled in the study and CO was obtained using transthoracic echocardiography. Afterwards, their heart sounds were recorded using an electronic stethoscope and analyzed to calculate CO and ejection fraction (EF).These amounts were compared to each other using statistical tests.Findings: The mean CO reported by transthoracic echocardiography and phonocardiography was reported 4.62 (SD=0.98) and 4.55 (SD=0.96), respectively. Comparison of these values between two methods showed that CO amounts are both significantly higher from transthoracic echocardiography (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between CO among two methods (Pearson coefficient: 0.99 and 0.74 respectively; P<0.05).Conclusion: This study showed that phonocardiography cannot be an exact alternative for transthoracic echocardiography to report CO; however, considering the significant correlation between these amounts, it can give us an acceptable estimation of heart condition by CO and should be used cautiously.

Because of the growing epidemic of obesity worldwide and its complications, understanding the function and secreted substances of adipose tissue and their effects on the body is very important. Obesity is characterized by what is called chronic low-grade inflammation which may be involved in pathogenesis of obesity-related complications. Adipose tissue releases multiple bioactive substances known as adipokines which have pro or anti-inflammatory actions. It is suggested that imbalances between production and secretion of adipokines during obesity can contribute to obesity-related complications. In this review, we discuss about inflammation during obesity and the role of adipokines in this process.