Hormozgan Medical Journal
Year:2012 | Volume:16 | Issue:2|Papers Count:12

Introduction: It was reported that morphine could induce apoptosis in neurons. However, its specific mechanistic pathways remain elusive. The present study was undertaken to determine whether morphine could induce apoptosis in PC12 cells, a neuronal cell line, and the involvement of Bax and Bcl-2, as upstream factors of mitochondrial pathway.Methods: In an experimental study, the viability of PC12 cells exposed to morphine was measured by MTT assay. Subsequently, to confirm whether morphine could induce apoptosis, analysis of DNA fragmentation in PC12 cells was carried out. Moreover, the alteration in expression of pro- apoptotic, Bax and anti-apoptotic, Bcl-2, proteins were measured by Western blotting.Results: The results showed that morphine (1 mM) significantly reduced the cell viability after 96 h and induced apoptosis in PC12 cells, as evidenced by a DNA ladder pattern, a hallmark of apoptosis. In Western blot analysis, the Bax pro-apoptotic expression in treated rats was significantly increased while there was no change in Bcl2 expression, so that theratio of Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression in cells treated with morphine was significantly increased compared to controls.Conclusion: These data support the idea that morphine can induce apoptosis in PC12 cells, possibly by the mitochondrial pathway through higher expression of Bax pro-apoptotic protein.

Introduction: Pilonidal sinus disease is a chronic disease of sacrococcygeal region which is caused due to growth on hair in intergluteal region causing foreign body reaction and abscess formation. Different procedures are used to treat this condition surgically, which have their own complications, and recurrence rate. Rhomboid excision with Limberg flap is a method with minimal complications and recurrence and the patient back to work in a short period.Methods: In this descriptive study, in a one year period, patients diagnosed with pilonidal sinus disease were treated surgically with rhomboid excision and Limberg flap. They were followed up for one year for recurrence and surgical complications.Results: During, 33 patients entered this study of which 21 (63.6%) were men. Mean age was 25.48±3.307 years. Mean duration of pilonidal sinus disease was 6.84±9.82 months, mean duration of admission was 23.42±3.307 hours and mead duration of return to work was 8.33±2.02 days. The only complication seen in our patients was seroma in 1 patient (3%).Conclusion: Due to lack of recurrence, minimal complications and short duration of admission, this procedure seems to be a suitable procedure in surgical treatment of pilonidal sinus disease.

Introduction: Oral Candidiasis is the most common lesion in Immuno compromised patients. Using antifungal drugs are routine treatment for this condition. The aim of this study was incorporating photodynamic therapy with low level laser (685 nm), in presence of 2 dyes (methylene blue and tolidine blue), as a photosensitizer on C. albilcans, C. glabrata. C. krusie and C. tropicalis.Methods: In this experimental study, 60 samples (10 samples in 6 groups) from candida suspension were radiated with laser (685 nm–28 j/cm2) in presence or absence of methylene blue or toluidine blue. 0.1 mg/ml from each sample serial dilutions of 10-2 and 10-3 were obtained and aliquots of 0.1 m/ of each dilution were cultured on saburaual dextrose agar. After incubation at 37oC for 48 h, the number of colony (CFU/ml) was counted. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.Results: Low level laser in presence of methylene blue reduced the number of CFU/ml in 83.2% for C. albicame and toluidine blue as 88.6%.Conclusion: Our invitro study findings show that low level laser in presence of dye (toluidine blue more effective than methylen blue) can reduce the number of candida.

Introduction: The water pollution remediation is a challenging topic in environmental science. The purpose of this study was to achieve the practical methods for evaluation of the efficiency of latest modern technologies in order to remove dyes from the aqueous solution.Methods: In this experimental study, we used nanotechnology technique for production of the Sodium alginate magnetic beads by the chemical precipitation method. The adsorption experiments data was compilanced by the Langmuir and Frenundich isotherm models. We examined the removal of the acid cyanine 5R dye from synthetic wastewater samples by using the synthesized beads in batch reactor. The effect of environmental factor (such as pH, contact time, adsorbate and adsorbent concentration) on the efficiency of removal of acid cyanine 5R has been studied. Composition of Alginate magnetic beeds (calcium, sodium and ferrous) determined by atomic adsorbtion instrument. The dye concentration in the samples was measured by spectrometry method using a UV-1700 Pharmaspec Shimadzo spectrophotometer at 574 nm wavelengh.Results: The efficiency of sodium alginate magnetic beads to remove the Acid Cyanine 5R had a direct relationship with contact time and inverse relationship with dye concentration. Relationship between contact time and efficiency of dye removal showed the equilibrium acquire after 210 minute. The maximum efficiency of dye removal was in initial concentration of 50 ppm. The results also showed the adsorption of Acid Cyanine 5R complies with Freundlich isotherm model.Conclusion: Generally from environmental view this process is safer and it can compete with other common methods. So, we recommended this method for removal of pollution from aqueous solution.

Introduction: The growing number of obesity and excess of body fat mass in adolescents in recent years and also increasing prevalence of chronic diseases associated with obesity in Iranian adolescents tends to develop this study. The present was aimed to investigate relationship between adiponectin level with some of biochemical and anthropometric index in obese and normal weight adolescents.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 76 healthy non-athlete and non-smoker adolescent girls, without any history of chronic, inflammatory, infectious, metabolic and endocrine diseases, without taking any drugs or supplements were investigated. They were divided in 2 groups by Iranian BMI percentile criteria according to their age and sex. Age, pubertal stages, weight, BMI, fat mass and its percentage, waist and hip circumstance, waist to hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, adiponectin, high sensitive C-reactive protein, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL-cholesterol, fasting blood sugar and insulin levels were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS software.Results: The adiponectin levels were higher in normal weight adolescents (435.04±37.66 vs. 411.46±34.47). There were a significant negative correlation between adiponectin levels with TG, total cholesterol, LDL-chol., Hs-CRP, insulin, weight, BMI, waist and hip circumstance, WHR, FM & FM percentage in obese group, however, the correlation between adiponectin and HDL-chol was positive.Conclusion: The higher adiponectin levels in normal weight group and significant negative correlation between FBS, insulin and lipid profile (except HDL-chol) and anthropometric index such as weight, BMI, WC, HC. WHR, FM & FMP in obese group can show the possibility of using adiponectin to prevent obesity outcome and improving healthy adolescents.

Introduction: Air pollution is one of the most important problems in recent century, which threats humans' health. This study was conducted to assess air pollution with respect to PM10, SO2, CO, NO2, H2S, and Air Quality Index (AQI), in a location in close proximity to Bandar Abbas oil refinery.Methods: In this study a location in close proximity to Bandar Abbas oil refinery was selected as the sampling station. In order to assess PM10 concentrations, samples were taken using high volume sampler on fiberglass filters. PM10 concentrations were calculated using gravimetric method and its related equation. For measuring concentrations of other air pollutants including SO2, CO, H2S, and NO2, real-time instruments were used. AQI values were calculated and considering the wind rose, the effect of the oil refinery on Bandar Abbas was evaluated.Results: PM10, SO2 and NO2 concentrations were higher than recommended values of national ambient air standards. Maximum PM10 and SO2 concentrations and their resultant AQI values were observed in August and September, respectively. Other air pollutants had their highest concentrations in July and September, but in no case they exceeded the standard values.Conclusion: As in some days concentrations of PM10 and SO2 and their resultant AQI values were higher than standard levels, it seems necessary to develop continues monitoring of contaminant sources, determine and control the sources of such contaminants and develop local guidelines.

Introduction: Scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpionida) are the main causative agents of envenomation and deaths among venomous animals in Iran. The present study was aimed to identify the fauna and geographic distribution of scorpions in Jask town of Hormozgan province.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out during 2008-10 in the mountainous and low land areas of Jask town county, south eastern Iran. Scorpions were caught by hand catch and UV black lights in a random cluster sampling method. Specimens were transferred to the entomology lab in the separate containers in 70% Ethanol. Species were morphologically identified using Iran scorpions’ identification key.Results: Totally, 215 specimens were caught including 90 (41.86%) male and 125 (58.14%) female. Six species were identified from two families (Buthidae and Liochelidae), among which, Mesobuthus eupeus was the dominant species by 53.93%. The Hemiscorpius lepturus (Local name is Gaadim) was the second more dominant species (25.58%). Habibiella persicus is reported for the first time in Hormozgan province.Conclusion: Scorpions are active in this part of the country in high abundance and rich fauna. The most dangerous species of Iran, H. lepturus and Androctonus crassicauda are also active in all parts of Jask town country. The scorpion fauna in mountainous regions was reacher than low lands.

Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, self-immunity and degenerative of Central Nervous System (CNS) and an inflammatory disease that affects different aspects of patients’ life quality. This research was aimed to determine the effect of Yoga techniques on quality of life among women with MS. Methods: This clinical trial study was carried out on 60 patients with MS at Yasuoj University of medical sciences. For data collection, a questionnaire containing demographic information of patients and MSQoL-54 questionnaire for quality of life were used. Patients were randomly divided into two equal control and case groups. Then, their activities connected with perception, social relations and sexual activities were evaluated. Case group were gone under Yoga-therapy for a period of 3 months and each month included 8 sessions of 1-1.5 hours and no intervention was done for control group. The activities connected with perception, social relations and sexual activities of both groups were evaluated and compared with each other one month after Yoga-therapy. Paired t-test was used for statistical analysis by means of SPSS software.Results: The results of the research showed that, Yoga caused the relative improvement of quality of life of patients in such a way that, the mean of perception related activities changed from 15.6±5.5 to 18.3±4.45 (P=0.001), social relations from 3.5±1.2 to 4.2±1 (P=0.001) and sexual activities from 5.8±6.15 to 4.8±5.18 (P=0.007) while, no statistical significant different was observed among control group.Conclusion: Yoga techniques can improve quality of life (the activities connected with perception, social relations and sexual activities) among patients with MS.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between alexithymia and demographic variables with job burnout among nurses.Methods: This descriptive-correlation study was conducted on 190 nursing students (78 males and 112 females) from nursing students studying in city of Tehran universities in 2009. The students were randomly selected and they answered the Tedim job burnout inventory and Toronto alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20). Descriptive statistics methods, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results: Results of this study showed that job burnout among demographic variables with age and level of education had a positive and significant correlation. It showed that socioeconomic status is negatively correlated with burnout (r=-0.23, P<0.05). Alexithymia with low level of job burnout (r=0.38, P<0.001) and high level of job burnout had a negative and significant correlation (r=0.33, P<0.001). Regression analysis showed job burnout by age, level of education, socioeconomic status, difficulties in identifying feelings, difficulties describing feelings and externally-oriented thinking (P=0.001).Conclusion: Alexithymia and demographic variables are important factors in job burnout and these factors can account for a high amount of variance in job burnout. Knowledge about the relationship between alexithymia and demographic variables and job burnout could help nurses towards protecting and promoting mental health.

Introduction: Educational failure and dropping out are the major problems of higher educational centers. The present study was performed to detect the influencing factors of educational decline in students of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 101 students with history of dropping out were compared with 209 students without any education problem history. Data were collected directly from their educational file using a designed questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS. P<0.05 was considered significant.Results: There was a significant difference between dropped and non-dropped out of students with regard to age (P<0.001), sex (P<0.001), diploma score (P<0.001), quota (P<0.001), smoking and addiction (P<0.001), part time job (P<0.001), absence and low concentration in class (P<0.001). A significant difference was observed in the time gap between graduation from the high school to university admission (P=0.002), late high school diploma (P=0.006), non-nativity (P=0.02), previous psychological disease (P=0.02), non-interested to course and university (P=0.04) and didn't have a regular program for studying (P=0.004). Moreover, general health of dropping out students was lower than other students (P<0.001).Conclusion: It seems that university admission criteria should be changed. Education consultation, long-term financial loans and increasing welfare facilities can reduce education problems of the students.