Hormozgan Medical Journal
Year:2012 | Volume:16 | Issue:3|Papers Count:13

Introduction: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) affect ~ 5% of school –aged children. This condition is associated commonly with difficulties in learning, behaviore, and psychosocial adjustment that persist into adulthood. Mounting evidence suggests that a lack of certain polyunsaturated fatty and stress oxidatie may contribute to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders such as ADHD.Methods: In this clinical trial study, 100, 6-12 years old, children with ADHD under effective maitenance therapy were assigned randomly, in a double-blind-fashion, to receive Omega-3 fatty acids (635 mg Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 195mg Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) or placebo for 8 weeks. Outcome variables included activity of enzyme gelotatiun redoctase (GR), catalase (CAT) and superoxid dismutase (SOD) and abbreviated conners 10-item parent rating scale (CPRS), before and after supplementation.Results: After 8 weeks supplementation a significant difference was observed in activity of SOD, GR enzymes (P<0.05) but there was no significant difference between groups at activity of CAT at the end of intervention. Furthermore, a significant improvement was seen in CPRS score in omega-3 group.Conclusion: This study suggested that fatty acids supplementation may offer a safe efficacious treatment option for hyperactivity problems in ADHD and reduction of oxidative stress.

Introduction: Occupational noise exposure induced hearing loss is recognized as one of the most harmful factors in industries. Hearing loss is one of the 10 top works–related diseases. This study is to determine the existence of noise pollution in the workplace and probability of its hearing injury among exposed workers in Sarkhoon refinery in 2008, Bandar Abbas, Iran Methods: In this cross-sectional and analytic study, First, noise polluted units (spl>85dB) were determined. Then, 41 workers of the industry were recognized and selected for further specialist visit and audiometric test. Also, unexposed workers from other non-noisy units were collected as the control group. Furthermore, a noise dosimeters test was done for all cases due to the results of noise exposure pattern.Results: Dosimeter test results demonstrated high level of noise (min=146% to max=782%) and audiometric results showed hearing loss in high frequencies in noisy units.Tests results also showed that 48.7% of the exposed workers showed left ear hearing loss, 46.3% of them showed indications of right ear hearing loss and 43.1% of them suffered from hearing loss in both side ears. In addition, there is a significant and positive relationship between increase in age and years of working with the hearing loss of left and right ear in both case and control groups.Conclusion: Since Sarkhoon gas refinery includes some noise polluted units as well as the increasing hearing loss problems of the workers (due to age and working years), effective noise control measures are suggested to prevent economic, health and environmental damages.

Introduction: Health services personnel, especially nurses, experience high levels of stress in their daily lives. Such stresses can deeply affect their health. This study aimed to examine the relationship between job stress, catecholamine and physical diseases in nurses of Bandar Abbas hospitals.Methods: This study is of descriptive and analytical type carried out on 101 nurses who were selected by cluster sampling technique from hospitals of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. The research instruments consist of two Steinmets job stress questionnaires and Severity of Physical Diseases Scale. Furthermore, to measure levels of catecholamine (epinephrine and norepinephrine) in the body, their main metabolites measurement, i.e. Vanillyl-mandelic acid (VMA) in 24-hour urine were measured using Eliza method and the commercial kits produced by Kavoshyar Company. The results were evaluated using descriptive statistics and Pearson method with SPSS 18 Software.Results: The result showed a significant and positive relationship between job stress with amount of VMA (main metabolite of epinephrine and norepinephrine), number and type of illnesses during the past two years that they have been infected (P<0.05).Conclusion: According to the results of this study, job stress can increase levels of Catecholamine's on general health and its negative effects seem to cause a variety of diseases.

Introduction: Methicillin resistant S. aureus nasal carriers may be acquired the bacteria from community or hospital. Hospital-acquired bacteria are antibiotic resistant and encourage the patient and his (her) family to infection. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of hospital-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal carrier patients.Methods: In this cross-sectional research, all patients admitted to hospital were studied and sampling method was random sampling. Sampling from the nose of 1269 patient hospitalized in different parts of Imam Reza hospital in Kermanshah was done. Patients who first nasal culture was negative were enrolled in the study. After (Hospital-acquired) Staphylococcus aureus detection with conventional laboratory tests, their sensitivity to oxacillin and MIC were determined. The data were analyzed by Chi-square and Fisher exact tests.Results: Results show that 17.5% of the patients (222 from 1269 patients) were carrier of hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus. The most frequently detected bacteria were in heart section (66.7%), CCU (54.5%) and infants (46.5%) and lowest detected from urology (0%), gynecology (10.7%) and surgery (12.4%). 7.46% of the total patients were methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriers and 82 isolates (36.9%) were methicillin resistant. The most frequently detected of these isolates were from ICU (100%), infants (80%) and internal (42.9%) and lowest detected from CCU and heart (16.7%) and pediatric (21.9%) after urology.Conclusion: With regard to frequency of nasal carrier in hospitals and the risks in conventional drugs resistant infections, control and treatment of carriers seem imperative. In this way, hospitalized patients in the ICU parts, infants and internal should be considered.

Introduction: The purpose of the study was comparing the three methods including massage, static stretching and combination of massage and stretching in lower limb muscle on flexibility, power and agility tests performance in soccer players.Methods: 45 soccer players contributed in this semi-experimental study. The players were randomly assigned in three groups; massage (15 cases), stretching (15 cases) and a combination of massage and stretching group (15 cases). They warmed up themselves by 5-min jogging before test. Massage, static stretching and combination of massage and stretching were performed on lower limbs for 15 min. Each test was performed three times and the best record was accepted. Flexibility, power and agility of all players were evaluated before and after the interventions. In order to compare the effect of these three protocols, correlated t-test and analysis of variance were used and p<0.05 was considered significant.Results: Results showed that the records of flexibility and power tests (except for massage group) have significantly increased after massage, static stretching and combination of massage and stretching (P<0.05). Significant changes in agility test (except for combination of massage and stretching group) records was also observed (P<0.05).Conclusion: In general, athletes can use massage, static stretching and combination of massage and stretching protocol before competition or maximal flexibility-required and power exercise, but in shorter periods than usual, in order to obtain more benefit from increased flexibility as well as reduce risk of their muscle injuries.

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women, which is the second common cause of death among them. Breast cancer can often make people prone to psychological problems and reduce their quality of life and hope to future. While having religious beliefs and attitudes can deter decreasing of hope and quality of life. The purpose of this research was study the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy based on religious believes on hope and quality of life of women with breast cancer.Methods: The study was a quasi-experimental study. The sample included 30 women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy in Ahvaz, Iran. They were matched for age, educational status, duration of disease and other criteria. The subjects randomly divided into two groups as experimental and control group (n=15 for each). For experimental group, we used 12 sessions of 45 minutes of cognitive behavior therapy based on religious believes, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analysis the data.Results: Results showed that there was a significant difference in hope and quality of life scores in experimental group, before and after cognitive behavior therapy, compare to control group (P<0.001).Conclusion: The results of this research revealed that cognitive behavior therapy based on religious believes significantly increased the hope and quality of life in patients with breast cancer.

Introduction: Hospital information system with the computerization of medical records of patients promotes quality of care in addition to raising the level of performance. This study was performed to measure the experiences and viewpoints of nursing managers about hospital information system in Shahid Mohammadi hospital in 2009.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted on 16 nursing managers and head nurses in various wards using Grounded theory method. To collect information, we used purposive and theoretical sampling and open semi structured interviews. Time of each interview was one to two hours depending on participant interest. Data gathering and analysis was performed synchronous and each interview was coded before further interview. Continues comparison analysis method was used.Results: 173 early codes were extracted and the information was classified in three classes including the application of hospital information system, the disadvantages of it and solutions for improving hospital information system.Conclusion: The benefits of hospital information system are saving the time and costs, reducing paperwork and easier access to patient data. It seems that the managers are not satisfied from features of hospital entirely. Health system managers can increase satisfaction of operators and improve quality of system with speeding up network and adapting the code of medicines and equipment for various insurance systems.

Introduction: The identification of manger behavior style and its relation with staff organization commitment, Job attitudes and their satisfaction level is one of the important areas of management in the last several decades. The goal of this study was examination of leadership style in education mangers and its relation with faculty organizational commitment.Methods: Statistical population included all faculty members in Shiraz medical school for assessing leadership style. We used a multi-functional leadership questionnaire made by Barnrad in 1985 and in order to assess organizational commitment we used organizational commitment scale made by Mowday, Steers and Porter in 1974. Statistical tests used, were t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression and correlation coefficient.Results: The findings showed education manager used two leadership styles, and the relation between leadership styles and organizational commitment was significance. Also, the relation between educational groups and use of leadership style was significant, so that basic science groups were using both leadership styles more than clinical groups. The organizational commitment score of faculty members was moderate. Also, finding shown charismatic dimension of transformational leadership and conditioned reinforcement dimension of transactional leadership had most effect on dependent variable (organizational commitment) also; the relation between sex and organizational commitment was significant that female had more organizational commitment.Conclusion: We concluded that basic sciences mangers have great success in use of two leadership style for faculty exiting. This maybe due to basic sciences discipline nature and necessity of more freedom which affect on important organizational variable.

Introduction: Human exposure with Lead can cause health problems. Use of cosmetics, especially lipsticks contaminated by this heavy metal is counted one of the entrance ways of lead into body. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount of lead in lipstick in cosmetics shops of Kerman, Iran.Methods: This descriptive study was performed during Jan to Feb - 2010. All cosmetics shops of the city were selected for determination of lead level in lipsticks. A total of 108 samples were prepared from 27 solid brands and 9 liquid brands of lipsticks exist in 10 cosmetics sale center of Kerman city. After preparation of sample by acid nitric method, the lead content of samples was measured by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. All results are expressed in mg/g.Results: Mean concentration of lead in 27 measured solid types was 523.34 mg/g and in 9 liquid base types was 3.33 mg/g. Minimum and maximum concentrations of lead were 0.81 mg/g and 10749/81 mg/g, respectively. Average lead concentrations of liquid base samples and also lipsticks with light color were lower than that of dark color solid base lipsticks.Conclusion: In attention to potentially effects of heavy metals on body function and also exist of high level lead in this cosmetics, it is essential to control sale of these products and prepare national standards for cosmetics in the country.

Introduction: Lots of human diseases and syndromes result from partial or complete gene deletions and duplications or changes of certain specific chromosomal sequences. Many various methods are used to study the chromosomal aberrations including Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH), Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization (FISH), Southern blots, Multiplex Amplifiable Probe Hybridization (MAPH) and etc. Some of these techniques showed resolution limitations and are not capable to detect deletions or duplications of single exons. Some of them are time consuming (such as FISH) or require large amounts of sample DNA (like southern blots). Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) method with its sensitivity and robustness is wildly used in diagnosis and researches for the detection of disease causing gene deletions or amplifications. In comparison with array CGH which analyses the Copy Number Variations (CNVs) at the genome-wide level, MLPA method detects the CNVs over small regions of the genome.The present described review MLPA method compared with other techniques along with its new applications such as detecting point mutations, MS-MLPA and RT-MLPA in clinical genetics and research laboratories.