Studies in Medical Sciences
Year:2017 | Volume:28 | Issue:5|Papers Count:9

Background & Aims: Mental health of mothers with delinquent adolescent student reduces due to exposure to many problems. This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on improving mental health of mothers with juveniles delinquent.Materials & Methods: This was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design along with a control group. The population included all mothers with juveniles delinquent of Youth detention center of Urmia in 2015. Totally 30 people were selected through simple random sampling method and were randomly assigned into two groups of experimental and control (each group 15 ones). The experimental group was trained 12 sessions of 70 minutes with a cognitive behavioral method. Both group completed the revised mental health checklist as a pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method using SPSS 19.Results: The finding showed cognitive behavioral therapy significantly led to improving mental health and dimension of interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety and phobia of mothers with juveniles delinquent (P<0.05).Conclusion: Finally, cognitive behavioral therapy can improve the mental health and dimension of interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety and phobia among mothers with juveniles delinquent. Therefore counselors, clinical psychologists, and therapists can use the mentioned method to improve the psychological characteristics of patients

Background & Aims: Control of the endotracheal tube cuff pressure and complications due to its incompatibility are one of the main challenges of care in most intensive care units. In this study, we investigated the effect of changing from supine to lateral decubitus position on the cuff pressure of intubated patients admitted to intensive care unit of Urmia Imam Hospital.Materials & Methods: After approving the project at the University's Ethics Committee, this prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in patients admitted to the intensive care unit with a range of 18- 70 years old, who were intubated for any reason and receiving mechanical ventilation, in a 3-month period. First, the pressure of the cuff of the endotracheal tube was measured and recorded at the supine position and then 2 hours later. Then, patients were restored to the right and left side, and 2 hours later, and at the end of the second hour, the cuff pressure was measured and recorded. For all patients, SUPA endoteracheal tube with appropriate size were used based on the gender of patients with low cuff pressure and high volume.Results: In this study, 105 eligible patients were enrolled. The mean age of the patients was 14.35±60.0 years.57.1% of the patients were male and the rest were female. Internal diseases, CNS, surgery and trauma were the most common causes of hospitalization in this study. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean cuff pressure in the baseline state and 2 hours later in 3 positions in the supine, right and left lateral (p>0.05).Conclusion: Although there was no statistically significant difference in the mean of cuff pressure in the 3 different conditions, but it was necessary to monitored the condition of the intubated patients and measured at the acceptable intervals of the cuff pressure of the endotracheal tube to prevent the continuation of the increase in the pressure of the tube cuff and preventing complications from it.

Background & Aims: Due to the adverse effects of synthetic antioxidants, there is a great desire to use herbs because of its antioxidant properties. This study was performed to examine the antioxidant effects of (Pimpinella affinis) as an alternative to synthetic antioxidants.Materials & Methods: Total phenolic, contents were measured with folin ciocalteu method. The antioxidant capacity of the extract and essential oil was assessed by DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity and compared to synthetic antioxidant BHT. In addition, antioxidant capacity of extracts was also analyzed with ABTS (acid sulphonic-6-ethylbenzthiazoline-3- azinobis, 2, 2, cation radical method. Data were analyzed using Duncan's multiple tests and the analysis was carried out using SPSS.Results: In testing percent of inhibition of free radicals (DPPH), the extract showed a significant inhibitory effect compared to the essential oil (p<0.05). Both extract and essential oil also showed iron reducing effect that was affected by the increase in the concentration. In ABTS test, most antiradical activity related to the concentration of 4 mg/ml with 24% and 92% inhibition, respectively when compared with BHT showed less inhibitory effect. And finally total phenolic content of essential oil and extract was 53.14±4.25 and 37.68±1.12 mg Gallic acid/g extract, respectively.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that extract and essential oil of Pimpinella affinis have considerable antioxidant activity compared to synthetic antioxidant (BHT), and after conducting more comprehensive studies can be used in food and pharmaceutical industries.

Background & Aims: Lung cancer is the most common cancer in men and the main cause of male cancer deaths worldwide. Also, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. In this study, we replaced miRNA145 in lung cancer cells by vector based miRNA-145, then the level of miRNA expression in these cells increased and we investigated the effects of the miRNA on inhibition of metastasis.Materials & Methods: After A549 cell line culturing, we obtained IC50 of Genticin antibiotic (G418) by using MTT test. In the following miRNA-145 was transferred into lung cancer cells, by using JetPAI. QRT-PCR test was used to confirm the transfer of miRNA-145 into cells. We use wound healing test to check the immigration status of transfected cells and control cells.Results: By using MTT test, the IC50 of Genticin antibiotic was obtained 494.1 mg/ml. The results of the qRT-PCR test showed the increased expression level of miRNA-145 in A549 transfected cells. The wound healing test results showed migration reduction of transfected cells compared to control cells.Conclusion: The results that we obtained shows that increasing miRNA-145 expression level has a role in the reduction of metastasis at lung cancer cell line A549.

Background & Aims: Evidence has indicated the beneficial impact of exercise training on physical performance and quality of life in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). In addition, it seems that MS associates with immune system dysfunction and chronic inflammation, but the cytokine response and adaptation to exercise are not completely investigated. Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate the acute and chronic effect of upper and lower body interval training on tumor necrosis factor (TNFa) and leptin concentration in women with MS.Materials & Methods: Ten women with MS and ten healthy matched women participated in the study to perform single-bout aerobic interval exercise (acute design). Blood samples were drawn before, immediately, and 1-hour after completion of the exercise to determine serum levels of TNFa, and leptin. Furthermore, twenty women with MS were randomized into two control and training groups. The control group received no intervention and the training group performed 8 weeks of upper and lower limb aerobic interval training (chronic design). Before and after training period, the blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of TNFa, and leptin.Results: Levels of TNFa responded to the exercises was similar in control and MS subjects (p>0.05). For leptin, both groups indicated a significant trend to decrease 1-hour after exercise (p<0.05). Moreover, results from training period indicated that leptin and TNFa levels significantly decreased (p<0.05). Finally, a significant positive correlation was observed between leptin changes with body mass (r=0.069) index and fat percentage (r=0.63).Conclusion: These findings suggested that aerobic interval training can be a strategy to modulate immune system at least through impacting inflammatory cytokines levels successfully. Additionally, it seems that exercise is not more influential in inflammatory acute response of cytokines in individuals with MS than in healthy people.

Background & Aims: According to the prevalence of cancer in the last century and the special needs of cancerous patients to deal with their chronic illness and also due to greater vulnerability of women, the aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of holographic reprocessing therapy on mental adjustment in women with cancer.Materials & Methods: This semi-experimental research included a pretest- posttest and follow-up with a control group. Thirty women with cancer were randomly selected from Sanandaj city, Kurdistan, Iran, 2015 and divided in to experimental and control group. The Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist and Mini- mental adjustment to cancer scale (Mini- MAC) were used. The experimental group received 9 sessions of therapy and each session lasted 60 minutes while the control group received no therapy. Furthermore, the data were analyzed with multivariate analysis of variance.Results: After treatment, there was significant difference in mental adjustment to cancer between two groups. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that Holographic Reprocessing Therapy increased overall consistency and fighting spirit scores and also the scores decrease of components helplessness/hopelessness, anxious preoccupation in the experimental group rather than the control group (p£0.05); but Therapy was not significant for components Fatalism and cognitive avoidance.Conclusion: Based on the results of this project, it seems that Holographic Reprocessing therapy can affect cognition, behaviors, and emotions of patients, and also it leads to increasing mental adjustment with the disease.

Background & Aims: Despite the development of new therapeutic and clinical mmethods, type 2 diabetes is widely increasing in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks resistance training on neural conduction in men with type 2 diabetes with peripheral neuropathy.Materials & Methods: This study was conducted on twenty-two male with type 2 diabetes who were randomly divided into two groups of resistance (age 58.4±6.0 years, weight 84.7±8.0 kg and diabetes history 13.7±7.2 years) and control (age 56.2±8.1 years, weight 87.5±15.0 kg and diabetes history 14.5±5.7 years) group. Resistance training consisted of two sets of main muscles in the upper body and trunk and three sets of main muscles in the lower body with 8 to 12 repetitions, three times a week for 12 weeks. Before and after intervention nerve conduction measurements and blood samples were done. The data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test for normality data, and dependent and independent T test to evaluate within and between group changes.Results: The mean peroneal and tibial nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and sural and tibial action potential amplitude in the resistance training group significantly increased (P<0.05), and sural NCV in the control group significantly decreased (P<0.05). In addition, there were significantly differences between two groups in variation range of sural and tibial NCV and sural and tibial nerve action potential amplitude (P<0.05).Conclusion: Resistance training not only improves nerve action potential amplitude, but also improves NCV which ultimately reflects the effectiveness of resistance training on lower limbs Electroneurographic parameters in short term.

Background & Aims: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation is increased in diabetes mellitus, leading to micro vascular and macro vascular complications. Recently, much attention has been focused on natural and synthetic inhibitors to delay the onset or progression of diabetes and its comorbidities. In this study, an in vitro glycation model containing albumin as a model protein together with glucose as glycating agent was used to study antiglycation activity of AA.Materials & Methods: Bovine serum albumin was incubated with 0.5 M of glucose with or without AA in 37°C for 4 weeks. The formation of fluorescent AGEs was determined to indicate protein glycation, whereas the level of protein carbonyl content and thiol group were examined for protein oxidation. Glycation is known to induce aggregation and fibrillation of proteins. To determine the inhibitory effect of AA on aggregation and fibrillation of albumin, amyloid specific dyes such as Thioflavin T was used.Results: The results found that AA significantly inhibited the formation of fluorescent AGEs (P<0.05) and significantly prevented protein oxidation manifested by reducing protein carbonyl and the depletion of protein thiol groups (P<0.05). Moreover, our results indicated the inhibitory potential of AA toward amyloid like aggregation of albumin and protective effect of AA on albumin native conformation.Conclusion: Thus, these findings indicated that AA has high potential for decreasing protein glycation and oxidation that may delay or prevent AGEs-related diabetic complications.