THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF IRANIAN BLOOD TRANSFUSION ORGANIZATION (KHOON)
Year:2018 | Volume:15 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:9

Background and Objectives: Blood safety is one of the most important challenges at blood centers worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the trend of confidential unit-exclusion and the efficacy of the CUE procedure on the improvement of blood safety at Blood Cenetr of Kohgiluyeh and Buyerahmad province.Materials and Methods: In the present descriptive study, the rate of CUE was compared among first-time, repeated and regular donors of Kohgilouyeh and Boyerahmad province from 2006 to 2014. Data were extracted from blood donor database. Then, blood donors were classified into two groups: CUE and non CUE. SPSS 16 & Chi-square statistical test was used for data analysis. Results: In this retrospective study, the use of CUE practice in the studied years was on the upward trend. The minimum number of confidential unit-exclusion was related to first three years (310), and the highest number was related to the last three years (805) (p<0.0001). The frequency of hepatitis B and C was significantly higher in the CUE group than non-CUE group (p<0.0001). None of the donors in this group were positive for HIV Ab. Conclusions: Although the use of CUE has led to the loss of a number of donors, it is effective in promoting blood safety in this province. Then, this practice can be used to improve blood safety in Iran because of its suitable status in the Middle East in the field of blood transfusion and effective cultural efforts made for the promotion of blood donation.

Background and Objectives: Detection of weak D blood type can lead to the saving of RhD negative blood components and can reduce RhIG consumption. Therefore, determining the frequency of weak D alleles in our country is necessary.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, a total of 105 blood samples with weak expression of D antigen from 21 provinces among Iranian blood donors were studied. The phenotype of samples was tested for Rh D, C, c, E and e antigens by routine serological methods. Weak D variants were evaluated by PCR-SSP, RFLP and DNA sequencing methods.Results: Among 105 weak D samples, 9 weak D alleles and 2 partial D alleles were found. The most prevalent weak D type in our population was weak D type 15 (38.1%), weak D Type 1 (10.48%), Type 5 (7.62%), Type 4 (4.76%), Type 80 (3.8%), Type 3 (1.9%) and Type 11, Type 8 , Type 100 each (0.95%) and Partial D DLO (8.57%), and partial D V a /DAU (0.95%). We also observed the correlation between weak D type 15 and E antigen and weak D type 1 and Partial D DLO and C antigen.Conclusions: There is a significant difference between the prevalence of Weak D variants among our blood donors compared to European and American white populations with a high incidence of weak D 1, 2 and 3, equally compared to African population with a high incidence of Partial D and weak D type 4, as well as Asian population with a high prevalence of Del.

Background and Objectives: Burnout reduces efficiency and leads to the loss of manpower and physical and psychological complications. Considering the role of staff in blood centers in regard to voluntary blood donors, this study was conducted to determine the burnout of the staff.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical), the study population included 135 blood center staff selected by the census method in Sistan and Balouchestan province in 2017. The data collection tool was Maslach Burnout Questionnaire; 108 questionnaires were completed and returned. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods including independent t-test and one way ANOVA using SPSS-16 software.Results: The results showed that the level of emotional exhaustion (p=0.002) in men (7.41±8.93) was lower than women (13.35±10.76). In emotional exhaustion subscale (p=0.002), there was a significant difference between formal employees (14.86±13.71) and other types of employees (7.55±7.83). However, there was not a meaningful relationship between dimensions of burnout and demographic characteristics such as age, educational level, service record, distric and town of work.Conclusions: The results of this study showed that it is possible to appreciate more women employees and to hold special ceremonies for women, create more stability and offer cash and non cash benefits for employees, especially non-formal employees and allocate part of the financial credits to increase the physical and mental health ratio of employees to reduce job burnout.

Background and Objectives: Major beta-thalassemia is a hereditary hemoglobinopaty that is characterized by a genetic deficiency in the synthesis hemoglobin polypeptide chain. The aim is to determine endocrine disorders such as diabetes, hypothyroid, hypo-parathyroid, low growth hormone, hypogonadism and deranged glucose tolerance test and their relation with sexuality, age, ferritin measure and Desferal beginning age in Kurdistan province in 2013.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, all patients with major thalassemia over 3 year of age with treatment record in Sanandaj Besat Hospital were enrolled. For all patients, tests of GTT, LH, FSH, FSH.T3, T4, TSH, PTH, Ferritin were conducted. The demographic information together with the beginning age of Desferal use were added to the questionnaire. Data were then analyzed by T-test, Kscore, linear regression and logistic regression in STATA-11 software.Results: Out of 43 patients, 20 had hypogonadism, 17 had low growth hormone, 2 diabetes, 4 hypoparathyroid, 3 hypothyroid, and 4 deranged glucose tolerance test result. We also found a significant corrrelation between hypogonadism with age, ferritin measure and the beginning age of the Desferal use. The correlation between deranged glucose tolerance test with ferritin measure was significant. There were no significant correlations between other variables. Conclusions: This study showed that the prevalence rate of endocrine disorder in patients with thalassemia being more than healthy people. Therefore, all patients with major beta thalassemia over 15 years of age should undergo considerable clinical and laboratory evaluation for endocrine gland.

Background and Objectives: There have been continuous efforts in telomerase-targeted therapy for cancer treatment because telomerase expression is significantly increased in about 85- 90% of human cancers while its expression is usually silenced in normal cells.Materials and Methods: Throughout this experimental study, NALM-6 cells were treated with different concentrations of telomerase inhibitor, MST-312 at different times. Then, cell viability and metabolic activity were evaluated by trypan blue and MTT assays; cell apoptosis was also evaluated by flow cytometry using Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit. In addition, the expression of BAX and BCL2 genes was evaluated in the treated cells using Quantitative Real-time PCR. Results: A dose-and time-dependent decrease was observed in the viability of NALM-6 cells after exposure with different concentration of MST-312. Over 50% decrease was observed in the viability of the cells treated with 8 mM of MST-312 after 48 h. The cytotoxic effect of MST-312 was dose- dependent, with approximately 6, 19.69 and 56.9% reduction in metabolic activity of NALM-6 cells after 48 h exposure with 2, 4, and 8 mM of MST-312, respectively. Approximately 20% apoptosis was observed in NALM-6 cells treated with 4mM of MST-312 after 48 h. Gene expression analysis also showed that 4mM of MST-312 led to upregulation of BAX and downregulation of Bcl-2 genes Conclusions Inhibition of telomerase activity by MST-312 can be proposed as a new candidate for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background and Objectives: ALL is the most common malignancy in childhood. Presently, approximately 20% of patients do not respond to treatment due to the resistance of leukemia blasts. Response to GCs is considered as the strongest independent factor in predicting ALL patients outcome. Therefore, identification of GCs resistance markers are the beneficial tools for improvement of prognostic strategies in ALL.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the protein-protein interaction network of fourteen significant down or up-regulated proteins in the proteome of human lymphoblastic cell treated with prednisolone and dexamethasone were analyzed by using the STRING online database. Results: By using proteomics methods, fourteen down or up-regulated proteins, SRSF3, CNBP, VDAC1, SNX3, PFDN6, PSMB2, STMN1, PPP4R4, DUT, CAPZA1, CAPZB, PNP, CLIC1 and PSME1 were recognized in both the sensitive and resistant GC cell lines. Correlation between these proteins were analyzed by using the STRING database.Conclusions: Overall, the findings showed that the Ubiquitin-Proteasome pathway plays a pivotal role in inducing resistance to GC in ALL. Therefore, the study of key controlling proteins in this pathway can play an important role in clarifying the mechanisms of induction of resistance to GC and consequently the prognosis of the disease.

Background and Objectives: Myocardial infarction is one of the heart diseases that occurs due to prolonged ischemia of the heart muscle. The disease is associated with environmental and genetic factors. The association between ABO blood group antigens and some diseases has been proven. The aim was to investigate the relationship between ABO blood group antigens and antigen D from the Rh system with myocardial infarction.Materials and Methods: This case-control study was performed on 281 patients with myocardial infarction and 398 people without the disease. Information on age and gender were recorded and determination of ABO/Rh blood grouping was performed by standard methods. Results: The average age of patients was 66.5±15.1 and that of the control group 54±8.9. No significant difference in the distribution of ABO blood group system was found between patients and controls. But the number of negative Rh was significantly higher in patients than controls (p=0.01).Conclusions: Due to the lack of significant association between ABO system versus significant association of Rh system with myocardial infarction in this study and given the findings of the other studies with no substantial evidence, further studies including more samples and other antigens of Rh system are recommended.

Background and Objectives: Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway is one of the key cascades regulating development and stability of immune and blood cells, but its precise role is still controversial and is the subject of many studies. With activation of the canonical Wnt/ b -catenin signaling pathway, b -catenin protein is imported into the nucleus and activates transcription of target genes including cyclin D1 and c-myc. The canonical Wnt ⁄ b -catenin signaling pathway is aberrantly activated in cancers, and it has therefore been investigated as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer. In this article, the significance of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway and its impact on blood leukemias development will be described, and how the change in the Wnt signaling pathway will cause any types of leukemia.Materials and Methods: The data of the present article were obtained through the review of many papers published on the effect of Wnt / b -catenin signaling pathway on various types of leukemia.Results: The review of various studies has shown that Wnt / b -catenin signaling pathway (canonical and non-canonical) is involved at a specific stage during pathogenesis of all types of hematologic malignancies.Conclusions: Since the Wnt/ b -catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in the natural hematopoiesis and cellular malignancy in hematopoiesis system, evidently the changes in Wnt/ b -catenin signaling pathway provide therapeutic intervention opportunities, especially because of the significant increased level of Wnt/ b -catenin signaling pathway in hematologic malignancies compared to other signaling pathways.