Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Year:2003 | Volume:10 | Issue:3 (29)|Papers Count:12

Newly developed compound derived from the immune system help combat morphine abuse by destroying the drug soon after it enters the bloodstream. A morphine-6-succinyI-SA (M-6-S-SA) vaccine was designed in an effort to obtain a potent, long - lasting anti-morphine immune response for the treatment of morphine abuse. The analogue incorporated a succinic anhydride linker moiety in place of hydroxy group at c-6 of the morphine framework. Then morphine 6-hemi-succinate was conjugated to serum albumin (SA) in aqueous solution in the presence of tributylamin, isobutylchlorformate and dioxan. M-6-S-SA was synthesized in three chemical steps starting from morphine sulphate and the extent of conjugation was determined by base hydrolysis of the conjugate, extraction and measurement of free morphine or with U. V absorbance. An average of 6.5 molecules of morphine were conjugated to each molecule of protein 1200 morphine addictions from separate areas of Iran vaccinated with suitable doses in 3 steps for each addiction. After vaccination 95% of addictions immunized with three doses of the vaccine, were found to be producing antibody in 60 days later as determined by Electrophoresis method, which measures binding antigen by antibody with western blotting ELISA and TLC over layer. Necrosis, fever, shock, etc in all steps and with whole volunteers. Finally the Morphine Vaccine also recommends for prevention of morphine addiction because we obtained very good results with 100% immune and clinical response. We also found that, there would be no cross- reaction between these antibody and analgesic drugs.

Hypertension is considered as the third risk factor in Death Triangle caused by cardiovascular diseases, in association with LDL-c and is named the dormant killer. This study involved 8122 rural residents of 36 villages in Sabzevar, whose drinking water were ranked light , relatively light, relatively hard, hard and extremely hard. Information on the total hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium, Sodium and chlorine were obtained from the municipal Sewerage office. Then, Systolic and diastolic bp of all 30 to 60 - year - old residents of the villages were measured and the correlation between water hardness and bp rate were calculated using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression. The study data revealed that the more the water hardness, the higher will be the systolic and diastolic measurements. Also, there was a significant positive correlation between systolic readings and water hardness and the ratio of Sodium and potassium. However, the correlation between diastolic reading and total water hardness was negatively significant; it was positively significant for the ratio of sodium and potassium. The study revealed that the higher the water hardness (which enhances the sodium content), the higher the bp measurements in people drinking it.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common causes of mortality and disability. It’s primary management is medical but coronary artery pypass graft (CABG) is a reliable treatment procedure. This study was carried out to study the effects of CABG on exercise test and echo cardiographic findings in patients sufferring from coronary artery disease. In this clinical trial, 40 patients with CAD underwent echocardiography and exercise test. Their left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), mean time of ET, Percent of patients with positive ET, dyspnea and angina pectoris were determined and referred for CABG. Three to six months after the graft, the same indexes were measured again and the results were put into statistical analysis using Chi-square and paired t - test. Mean age of the patients was 59.2% and 70% were men. Mean LVEF before and after CABG were 50.17% and 50% respectively, with no significant difference. Mean ET before and after CABG 6.79 and 8.30 minutes respectively, with significant difference. There were statistical differences in the prevalence of dyspnea, angina pectoris and positive ET be fore and after CABG; all had significant decreases. It can be Concluded that CABG has a considerably positive effect on improving ET tolerance, dyspnea and angina pectoris; however, it had no effects on LVEF improvement in this study.

Muscular pain due to Succynilcoline injection is one of the major side - effects of outpatient tubectomy surgery. However, as tubectomy is popularized and welcome in different provinces of our country in order to control the population growth, it is necessary to study its complications and after - effects of anesthesia to control such effects. Therefore, this study was designed and implemented to study the effect of Galamin on muscular pains in patients under outpatient tubectomy. The volunteer patients were put into a double - blind randomized clinical trial. They were 200 (100 in experimental group and 100 in control group); fasciculation occurred far less with a significant relationship between Galamin and Fasciculation (P=0.0001). Muscular pain decreased in recovery but no significant relationship was found between Galamin and the reduction of pain. Backache , correlating with Galamin (p=0.06), reduced in recovery. Apnea occured in none of the two groups. Significant relationship was found between muscular pain in the first three days and Galamin consumption (P=0.01).

Post - date pregnancy, the continuation of pregnancy after 40 weeks, is prevalent in 20% and its complication is meconium passage , which is prevalent in about 5 to 22% . Meconium aspiration is the major Complication of meconium passage. It’s mortality rate is around 1/1000. Since cervical State is an important factor in reaction to induction in post-date pregnancies, we carried out this study to investigate the frequency of meconium passage by cerrical bishop score. This cross - sectional descriptive study involved 306 post - date cases at Fatemyyeh Hospital in Hamadan, Iran. They were divided into two groups of favorable (bishop score>6) and unfavorable (bishop score<6) as for their cervicul condition. Their demographic information, primary bishop score, frequency of meconium passage and labor method were also recorded. 31 .4 % of the neonates were found to be immersed in meconium. 80% of the meconium passage occurred in this group. In the group with favorable cervix, 24 neonates were found to be immersed in meconium. It is concluded that planning and training to reduce post - date pregnancies and meconium passage is necessary in health system. Pregnant women with unfavorable cervix require more care and attention; this emphasizes the necessity of amnioscopy.

Hepatitis B infection is among the major health problems in the world. The only sure way to prevent this infection is vaccination. This study is conducted to evaluate HB immunity five years after full vaccination in children. 242 six-year-old children, who had been vaccinated at the first year of their life, were randomly selected. Their serum specimen were examined for Anti HBS. Findings revealed that after five years, 32.6% (79 cases) were seronegative (Anti HBS< 10 lu/L). This finding is likely to imply the necessity of boosters.

Episiotomy is the most common obstetric surgery and pain is a common experience for all women exposed to episiotomy. Pain alleviation is a priority in nursing care. This quasi - experimental study was conducted on 100 women who had been under episiotomy and suffered from medium to severe postpartum pain; They Were randomly selected and assigned into case and control groups. The former received Lidocaine and the latter placebo gel to be administered on perineum and fourchette. Pain assessment was carried out before gel application and intervals of 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after gel application by the use of verbal - digital checklist. Relevant data were collected using a questionnaire, notes and pain assessment checklist. Also, the vital signs were taken to control the side effects. As both groups were homogeneous in their demographic and labor characteristics with no significant difference, the statistical tests revealed a statistically significant difference between the two group’s in all time intervals after gel application and pain severity. Also, lidocaine gel had a significant effect on pain alleviation. No special complications were observed. However, paired t - test analysis revealed that in the case group, no alterations were observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse and respiration. Therefore, Lidocaine gel which brings about no postpartum complications, can be effective in alleviating pains followed by episiotomy.

Vaginal infection is the most common problem and the main cause of referring to gynecological clinics, and is caused by various factors and its symptoms are etiologically dependent. This study was conducted to determine the etiological agents of this infection at Dezyani Hospital in Gorgan, Iran. 102 Patients referring to the gynecological clinic of this hospital were given a questionnaire to obtain their personal and clinical information. Whiff test and PH of their vaginal discharge were determined and the discharge was studied using wet slide; vaginal culture was also done to isolate etiological agents. The findings revealed 51% of bacterial vaginosis and 35 % of bacterial vaginosis. In addition to it, Staphylococcus aureus (14%), enterobacteriacea (4%) were isolated. In vaginitis cases, pathogenic agents included candida Albicans (12%) and trichomonas (2%). Gardnerrella vaginalis, Candid and Trichomonas were isolated at the same time in 9%. It was also revealed that vaginosis and Gardnerrella are associated with the reduction of lactobacyllus and partial increase in cell counts; in vaginitis cases, in flammation, burning, scratching and enhanced number of WBC are the main presentations. In bacterial vaginosis, 73% suffered from abdominal pain and 69.2% from scratching. Bacterial vaginosis being the dominant infection in this study with decreased isolation of Gardnerrella vaginalis, and such Clinical presentations as abdominal pain and scratching, we are led to suppose that the presence of aggressive bacteria such as stuphylococcus aureus in bacterial vaginosis can change its clinical manifestation.

As Iranian researchers attend international conferences to present their papers and research findings, a comprehensive scheme is required to enhance the quality of presentations. Explaining the processes of materials preparation, slide design, presentation and welcoming the audiences questions, this paper is meant to help Iranian researchers so that they make an effective and memorable presentation out of their research efforts.

Burnout, as a consequence of occupational stress, is a Common problem among helping professionals such as nurses. It imposes a great psychosomatic problem and expense on nurses and health Staff. This Correlational descriptive study was carried out to determine the correlation of self - esteem with occupational burnout in nurses. 178 nurses were randomly selected through stratified cluster sampling. Relevant data were collected using Cooper - Smith inventory of Self - esteem and Maslach inventory of Burnout. It was done by the researcher referring to hospitals and having the inventories completed by nurses.The Findings revealed that 60.1 % of the subjects had medium self - esteem.There were reports of medium to high emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of personal accomplishment in 53.4%, 56.9% and 75.3 % respectively. Correlation andysis also revealed linearly negative relationship between self-esteem and emotional exhaustion (r=-0.51, P<0.0001) and its severity (r=-0.52, P<0.0001). A significant linear relationship was found between self - esteem and severity (r=-0.51, P<0.0001) of depersonalization. A positively significant linear relationship was also found to exist between frequency (r=0.47, P<0.0001) and severity (r=0.51, P<0.0001) of lack of personal accomplishment. The above - mentioned correlations and debilitative effects of burnout on nurses, and accordingly on patients, imply the consideration of causes and factors in self - esteem and its enhancement.