Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Year:2000 | Volume:7 | Issue:3 (17)|Papers Count:18

This study was conducted to determine the effects of Ramadan fasting on NIDDM patients' weight, fasting blood sugar, serum triglyceride and cholesterole and glycated hemoglobine . 11 NIDDM volunteers treated by diet alone consented to participated in the study. The subjects fasted 12 to 13 hours for 28 days. Their 24-hour food recall, weight, BMI , plasma TC , TG , FBS and glycated hemoglobine (HbAl ) were measured before and after the fasting period. Student's paired t-test was used for data analysis. The results indicated that BMI mean and body weight had significantly decreased, whereas the decreases of TC, TG, FBS and HbAl were not significant. Also , total energy expenditure decreased but it wasn't statistically significant. No sign of hypoglysemia was observed. It was concluded that NIDDM patients can safely perform their Ramadan fasting under direct medical supervision.

In this today, we studied the therapeutic effect of hypertonic and hypertonic-hyperoncotic solutions on the resuscitation of controlled hemorrhagic shock in a fasting scheme. 42 rats were randomly assigned into two groups: a control and a fasting group. Fasting scheme consisted of periodic (12h) food and water deprivation. Then all animals were anaesthetized and were made to hemorrhage untill their mean blood pressure reached 40-50 mmHg which were maintained for 30 minutes. Then animals in each group were resuscitated with either (1) 4 cc/kg 5% NaCl or (2) 22 cc/kg normal saline or (3) 4 cc/kg 20% NaCl 3:1 v/v and 20% serum albumin or (4) 4 cc/kg normal saline. All animals were monitored for 1h after the infusion. Bp, serum electrolytes, osmolality and hematocrite were measured before hemorrhage and after resuscitation in each group and subgroup. Finally, all animals were sacrificed and their brain water content was measured. There were no significant differences in Bp, pulse rate, weight and serum electrolytes before the haemorrhagic shock between the two groups. Serum Osmolality 1h after resuscitation was significantly different among the subgroups of the control group. Other variables Ih after resuscitation had no significant difference among the 4 subgroups of the control and fasting gaups. Also, no significant differences were observed as for Bp, pulse rate, serum osmolality, electrolytes and brain water content between similar subgroups in two groups.

A case-control study was conducted, in the Imam Reza hospital of Birjand, to study the effects of garlic on blood lipids and lipoproteins. To do this, hyperlipidemic patients referring to the Cardiology Clinic were randomly assigned into two groups. Both groups were recommended to take a low-lipid diet. However, the study group took three garlic tablets each day, while the control group did not. During a two-month treatment, total cholesterol (TC) , triglyceride (TG) , LDL-c and HDL-c were measured at the outset, also at the end of each month. The study group indicated a significant decrease in TG and LDL/HDL ratio, and a significant decrease as for HDL-c . However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups concerning TC and LDL-c . The results indicated that at the end of the treatment period, CAD risk was estimated to be reduced up to 10% .

This study is intended to describe the effect of operation room pollution on the induction of liver enzymes. In this analytical study, 35 anesthetist personnel from 5 hospitals in Tabriz were randomly assigned into the experimental group, and 35 non-anesthetist personnel were assigned into the control group. Taking blood samples and utilizing an Auto-analyzer, an expert conducted the ALP , SGPT and SGOT liver tests. The results indicated abnormally arised amounts of enzymes in the experimental group. This was much more evident about SGPT which is a more characteristic factor in liver damages than the other two. Therefore, more care is recommended regarding the operation room hygiene to prevent probable liver risks.

This empirical research is conducted to determine the effects of self-care training on the reduction of Insulin injection side-effects in diabetics. 30 diabetic patients referring to the Diabetes clinics in Kashan and Aran-o-Bidgol were randomly selected as study subjects. Demographic information were collected through a questionnaire, self-care data through a test, and finally information about the side-effects of insulin injection and tests blood sugar were collected using a checklist. McNimar paired T-test was adopted in the statistical analysis of the data. The results indicated significant differences between topical symptoms, atrophy, hyperglycemia symptoms and fast blood sugar before the training and two months after the course.

Durin ga six-month period from January 1997 to June 1997, we prospectively studied the chickenpox outbreak in Hasheminejad Child Care Center in Mashad . About 60 cases were registered, one-third of whom were female and two-thirds male. 23.3% were neuromuscularly disabled; 33% of them were from one to six years old. Their fever was observed to be slight, only 3.3% having fever higher than 38.5 degrees; 96.7% of the patients had slight fever. Mucouse membrane involvement was 21.6 % . 10% of the patients had complications, the most common of which was skin complications.

Diabetes is associated with diffuse injuries of the nerves. Involvement symptoms of the autonomic system are studied through SSR in order to assess the sympatric skin activity which is responsible for perspiration. 40 normal subjects and 45 diabetics were studied applying SSR on the median nerve of their upper limbs and the tibial nerve of their lower limbs. Mean latency of SSR in the patients' upper and lower limbs had increased; while, its amplitude had decreased. Based on Roe-curve statistics, SSR latency with more than 1700 ms for the upper limbs and more than 2400 ms for the lower limbs, and also SSR amplitude with less than 1.2 mv for the upper limbs and less than 0.5 mv for the lower limbs or lack of any response were considered as the abnormality of the SSR test.

Ptergyium surgery is a common surgery in ophthalmology which requires additional measures such as using mitomycin-c solution during the operation due to its high recurrence rate. The complications of the procedure may include corneoscleral perforation, conjunctival, scleral and corneal necrosis, corneal edema , infection, local ischema , glaucoma, cataract, uveitis, scleral calcification, refractory pains ( with or without photophobia) , late epithelialization, degenerative calcification of conjunctiva, wound dehiscence , subconjunctival haemorrhage and pyogenic granuloma of conjunctiva. This report presents a relatively rare case of conjunctival hematoma which led to surgical exploration.

In order to evaluate the effects of a uniform emf on biological systems, we designed a calibrated emf unit ( 50-60 Hz , adjustable in 15 ranges, able to produce up to 150G emf ) . Six pairs of pregnant rats were exposed to a 120 G uniform emf to determine the effects of emf on the development of embryonic cardiac muscle. They were exposed to emf during their pregnancy and two months after delivery for 8 hours each day. Then, histological specimens were prepared from rat heart for light microscopy. Histological studies indicated that the size of cells and their nuclei were decreased remarkably and intercellular blood vessels were less extensive in the experimental group. Our newly developed emf unit was considered useful for its being adjustable and uniform, having a larger space for placing the rats, better ventilation with automatic temperature control, humidity and pressure meters. Therefore, it can provide a better tool for studying the effects of emf . Exposure to emf resulted in decreasing the cell growth and condensation of the nuclei.

This study is intended to investigate the effects of chlorpromazine hydrochloride on the liver in mice . To do this, chlorpromazine in doses of 16 , 20 and 40 mg/kg were administered to the experimental group in a 21-day period. While, the control group received an equal volume of water as placebo. 24 hours after the last dose, the subjects' livers were isolated for histopathological study. The results indicated a dose-dependent cellular damage in the experimental group.

Cathepsin-D is a lysosomal protease enzyme belonging to the aspartic family. Due to its serious pathological and physiological effects, it has recently gained remarkable importance. This study is intended to isolate cathepsin-D from human leukocytes in 3 steps. The procedure was done through ionic exchange chromatography and completed with sephadex G-200 following gel chromatography. A single bond on polyacrilamid gel and a single peak on the 280 nm region were observed. Its total inhibition with pepstatin indicated the full purification of cathepsin-D.

Three different methods are studied in this study: social skills training, contingency management and stress inoculation. Since these treatments do not lend themselves to group and experimental studies, we decided to carry out this study by a reversal-design case study. Four different hypotheses were shaped: (1) A combination of the three methods can be used to reduce aggression; the next three hypotheses each dealt with one of the treatments in separation. 10 boys referred to Counseling Centers in Tehran's 9 and 19 Districts were selected for the purposes of the study and randomly assigned into 5 groups each having two members, the fifth group being a control group receiving no treatment. The treatment took 14 weeks. The study data were collected through three questionnaires and two checklists and the results were reported in tables using only descriptive statistics. Analysis of the findings indicated that the highest reduction of the aggressive behavior was brought about by the first hypotheses , i.e. the combination of the three methods. contingency management, among the three individual treatments, was observed to be the most effective one in the reduction of aggression. Also, it was observed that the control group experienced a kind of relief, though not considerable.

In this research, the social conformity of a group of widows (N=18) has been evaluated. This group of the widows was consisted of 18 women who had been selected out of a totality who had lost their husbands during ten years. The comparing (control) groups were:a: mothers whose children had been involved in accidents. Participants in this group were 17 women whose children had survived the event of the drowning (immersion) of "Jupiter" in 1988 . And b: a group of women who had not experienced any adverse and worthy-of-mention event throughout their lives (N =15). The Social Conformity Scale (Wiseman & peacle, 1974) was one measuring device for this research. In evaluating the social conformity, women whose children had overpasses the accidents displayed further problems in relation to social conformity compared to those who had not experienced evil happenings in their lives. But regarding the whole evidence and criteria as well as the results of the Scale and through a final count, even the latter group's difficulties were far less than than those of the widows.

Considering the problems caused by the present location of the city dump in Sabzevar and lack of financial aids for establishing a compost plant, the mayor of the city made arrangements to find a new location for this purpose. The new location, around the city on the road to Kashmar , was selected based on the volume, weight and composition of the waste produced in two different areas of the city on two different days of winter and summer. The amount of the waste in the two areas were not of considerable difference (59 tons per day) , the volume being 172 m3 . Each individual in the city produced 0.53 on the whole for each day, the density of which was 341 kg/m3. The physical analysis of the waste indicated that the corruptible wastes included about the 66% of the whole waste, 62% belonging to the first region and 70% belonging to the second. Its components were: paper 5% , textile 43% , glassware6% , metals 5% , wood 1% , bones 1.5% , plastic materials 6.5% , and others 11% .