Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Year:2017 | Volume:24 | Issue:1|Papers Count:12

Background & Objectives: Job satisfaction and emotional intelligence are the most important factors in providing the best quality of nurses' services to patients. Lack of attention to this problem is disrupted the organization system in the long term. It causes reduce in the sense of responsibility، burnout and eventually leave of serve. Therefore، this study aimed to determine the relationship between job satisfactions with emotional intelligence among nurses of Kerman University of Medical Sciences hospitals.Material & Methods: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study. The study population formed of 150 critical and emergency nurses of Kerman University of Medical Science hospitals. Data were collected via instrument which includes background information and 28 items form of Bradbry-Graves، emotional intelligence and 21 items from of job satisfaction by census method. Data analysis was performed by t-test and ANOVA test and Pearson correlation coefficients.Results: Results showed that the mean score of job satisfaction was 83.72±17.69 and the mean score of emotional intelligence was 121.09±17.56. It was observed that there is a significant relationship between total score of job satisfaction (intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction) and total score of emotional intelligence with a correlation coefficient of 0.351 (P>0.0001).The results of analysis of (ANOVA) and t-test showed that there is not a significant relationship between demographic variables (age، education، experience، organizational unit، sex) with job satisfaction and emotional intelligence and their dimensions(P>0.05).Conclusions: Job satisfaction is directly related to emotional intelligence and it seems that people with high emotional intelligence feel more satisfaction in their work with colleagues and patients. It is suggested that further studies should be done to reveal the relationship between these two concepts and their relationships with demographic variables.

Background & Objectives: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world that is affected by various genetics, epigenetic and many other environmental factors. Estrogen is one of the risk factors for this cancer. This factor lead to genetic alterations and the beginning and promotion of breast cancer.Materials & Methods: In this review, we provide information using databases of NCBI, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Ovid MEDLINE, about the molecular basis of breast cancer, the effect of estrogen hormone, and estrogen receptors on cancer incidence, the use of anti-estrogens such as Tamoxifen in treatment of breast cancer and mechanisms of resistant to these drugs.Result: Anti-estrogens such as tamoxifen play an important role in treatment of estrogen-receptor positive breast cancers by preventing estrogen binding to its receptors in these tumors. Finding the molecular basis of breast cancer will help us to achieve effective treatment for breast cancer. Conclusion: Increased estrogen and estrogen receptor highly influence the incidence of breast cancer. Tamoxifen is standard adjuvant therapy for women with ER-positive [+], but there is some intrinsic or acquired resistance to endocrine treatment that require further investigations.

Background & Objectives: According to the increasing opioids abuse between women and pathophysiological effects of chronic exposure of opioids on mothers which might indirectly affect their offspring, herein, consequences of chronic morphine consumption and its withdrawal before the gestation was investigated on spatial memory, avoidance memory and vulnerability to morphine intake in offspring of first generation.Materials & Methods: Twelve female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups. Morphine mothers group received morphine solution (0.4 mg/ml) for two months. Control mothers group received tab water. One month after stopping morphine consumption, mating was occurred. After the parturition, offspring was divided in separated male and female groups and was used as the target groups of the study. Spatial memory through Water Maze, avoidance memory through Shuttle Box and vulnerability to morphine intake through voluntary consumption of morphine solution were investigated.Results: Mean of morphine solution consumption in male and female offspring of morphine mothers was significantly higher in compare to male and female offspring of control mothers (P<0.05). Results of learning in Water Maze revealed that male offspring of morphine mothers significantly spent more time and distance to find the platform in compare with male offspring of control (P<0.01). Also, in retention test, male offspring of morphine mothers cross the location of platform significantly fewer than male offspring of control (P<0.001). There was no significant differences in avoidance learning between experimental groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: Our study revealedchronic morphine consumption before the gestation causes damage of spatial memory in male offspring and also increases vulnerability to opiate intake of male and female offspring.

Background & Objectives: Studies have showed that energy-protein malnutrition is existed in 50% of patients admitted to the hospital. Therefore, this study reviews the status of macro and micro nutrients intake in ICU patients.Materials & Method: This cross-sectional study was performed on 60 ICU patients referred to Shaheed Beheshti Hospital in Sabzevar. After writing informed consent, average energy and nutrient intake of each person were determined for two consecutive days using Nutritionist IV software. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and one sample t-test, and significant level was determined as PResults: The mean of patients’ age was 32.7±11.35 years. The mean energy intake in women and men were, respectively, 624.35±184.6 and 743.8±246.3 kcal and mean protein intakes were respectively 20.1±5.6 and 28.3±23.6 g per day. Also, in this study the most water- and fat-soluble vitamins and minerals received was less than the recommended standard (P <0.0001).Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, receiving of energy and all the nutrients in ICU patients studied was less than the recommended standard values.

Sleeping is the most important circadian rhythms and one of the fundamental human needs. Approximately, one third of one's life is spent in the sleep. Insufficient sleep has been widespread in the modern society and a large number of people are suffering from it. People with sleep disorders in addition to fatigue are experiencing the defect in cell regeneration, difficulty in thinking, learning and memory, increased stress and reduced the daily performance on behavior. In most cases, disruption in the sleep cycle is an early symptom in the various diseases. Several studies have shown that the sleep disorders are associated with the incidence and intensifying of diseases, and the improvement of sleep quality in different ages, especially in the adulthood, helps them to avoid the risk of chronic diseases during life. According to evidence and the impressive impact of sleep on health and quality of people’s life and also reducing the quality and quantity of sleep in the modern society, this study examines the importance of sleep and its effect on health, especially the role of sleep in the prevention of metabolic diseases.

Background & Objectives: Myocardial infarction is one of the main causes of death and disability in the world. Adherence of therapeutic regimen is an important caring option in these patients. This study has been conducted to determine the effect of family-centered education on laboratory index of patients after acute myocardial infarction.Materials & Methods: This clinical trial was performed between October and March 2014 in CCU ward of Amirkabir hospital of Arak. Research samples were 60 patients with 30-70 years old who had been selected by convenience method after the first heart attack and randomly assigned into two groups: control (patient-centered education: 30 individuals) and intervention (family-centered education: 30 individuals). On admission, blood sugar and blood lipids (Chol, TG, HDL, LDL) were examined. Then education to patients was done in the intervention group associated with close family member through computers in three domains (diet, pharmaceutical regimen and exercise program) in three sessions of 30-45 minutes and the same educational content were taught to the patient (without family members) in the control group. Three months after the intervention, all aforementioned items were recorded again in two groups and, finally, data were analyzed using independent t-test and Chi-square test.Results: The results indicated that laboratory index including blood sugar (P=0.03), blood lipids (P=0.0001) in the family-centered group was better than patient-centered group. However, there was not a significant difference between the two groups in aforementioned items before the intervention (P> 0.05).Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it seems that family-centered education model improves laboratory index of the patients with myocardial infarction. It is recommended that the educational interventions for the patients with myocardial infarction to be done with the participation of the family.

Background & Objectives: Authority means referring a person to an individual or organization due to the capabilities of that person or organization. For example, an increase in the number of citations represents the authority of the author or a country or even a university or research institute and a special journal on that particular topic. From this point of view, production of knowledge is a necessary item but not sufficient for the scientific authority. Medical students can play an important role in the scientific authority.Materials & Methods: A summer school was administered by Fasa University of Medical Science with the subjects of innovation in medical education and transformation plan, for elite medical students from all universities in Iran.Results: The results of student and teachers’ discussions in the scientific authority workshop affirmed that foresight and conceptualization along with preliminary studies, feasibility in expression of view points and survey of present approaches, and breaking out of scientific borders by student researches are three major steps in the realization of scientific authority.Conclusion: There are several steps which should be considered in the realization of scientific authority.

Background & Objectives: Cr(IV) is a toxic heavy metal with dangerous effects on health and environment and is discharged through industrial effluents. The main aim of the current study was to determine the efficiency of natural zeolite on removal Cr (IV) from aqueous solutions.Materials & Methods: Following the chemical modification of Zeolite, the study variables including pH (2-10), adsorbent dosage (2-20 g/L), reaction time (5-150 min) and Cr (IV) concentration (10-50) were optimized according to the one at the time experimental design. The correlation of obtained data with conventional isotherms and kinetics were also studied.Results: In optimum pH 2, reaction time of 30 min and adsorbent dosages of 8 g/L, the most removal efficiency of 99.53% was observed for initial Cr (IV) concentration of 10 mg/L. The Freundlich isotherm and pseudo –second order kinetics were better fitted to the findings.Conclusions: According to findings of current study in lab scale, it can be concluded that natural Zeoliite can be considered as an efficient and cost effective alternative on treatment of effluents containing Cr (IV).

Background & Objectives: One of the most important applications of psychological research is problem solving in the safety challenges field. Based on the role of emotional intelligence (EI) in mental health and prevention of unsafe behaviors, and to promote workforce's health, this study aimed to survey relationship between emotional intelligence with general health and safety behavior (BS) in an industry, in 2014.Materials & Methods: In a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study, all operational employees working at a publication industry were included. Demographics, Goldberg general health-28, and Brad berry-Greaves questionnaires and a safety behavior checklist were tools to gather data. Statistical analysis of Pearson correlation was used to data evaluation by SPSS V22.Results: Mean EI test score was calculated which was equal to 122.2±15.7. Also, total score of staffs' general health was reported as 50.4±10.4. 646 out 800 of behaviors that were assessed in present study were safe (80.8%). There was a significant relationship between EI (self-management component) and general health with correlation coefficient equal to -0.3. Also, depression with correlation coefficient equal to -0.334 was related to EI significantly (P<0.05). Further data revealed that there was significant and severe (0.8) relationship between EI (Social awareness component) with safe behaviors. Also, EI was not in significant relation with safety behavior (P<0.05).Conclusion: The findings of this study collectively indicated that subjects had not an acceptable situation for mental factors such as depression. However the results confirmed an essential role of EI in perceiving general health and preventing employees of negative behaviors. Based on this fact that education can improve EI, design an integrated package for EI development of employees was recommended strongly.

Background & Objectives: Considering the role of glial cells in synaptic transmission, regulation of neurotransmitter concentration in synaptic cleft, K+ buffering, and releasing the gliotransmitters, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of glial cells inhibition on the progression of seizures induced by chemical kindling in rats.Materials & Methods: In chemical kindling, animals received Pentylenetetrazol, 35 mg/kg each 48 hours, intraperitoneally and five different stages of seizure were appeared gradually and seizure parameters including maximum seizure stage (SS), stage 4 latency (S4L), stage 4&5 duration (S5D), and seizure duration (SD) were measured during 20 min after PTZ injection. Then seizure parameters were evaluated in animals treated with intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of Fluorocitrate (as a glial cells inhibitor), injected 30 min before PTZ, and compared with PTZ treated animals.Results: Results showed that glial cells inhibition with ICV injection of Fluorocitrate decreased SS, S5D, and SD and increased S4L significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001).Conclusion: On the basis of obtained results, it may be concluded that glial cells inhibition reduces spreading rate of epileptiform activity in the nervous system, and the duration of neuronal hyperexcitability and, also, prevents the progression of seizure to final stages.

Background & Objectives: Cardiac rehabilitation is the most important proceeding to reduce the effects of heart surgery and its effects on cardiovascular disease. Exercise training because of low cost and being attractive can be a motivation for patients with cardiac rehabilitation programs. Exercise has influence on blood cellular components, especially the number of white blood cells, metabolism, metabolites, peptides and different type of gene expression. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of aerobic training on monocytes gene expression ABCG5 in middle-aged men after heart bypass surgery.Materials & Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 20 middle-aged male patient who had coronary artery bypass surgery, were subjected to the study and were randomly assigned into two groups: control (N=10) and aerobic training (N=10) groups. Blood samples were taken from subjects before and after training sessions. Monocytes isolated by centrifugation and m-RNA purified by Real-Time PCR was performed. Data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measures (SPSS version 16).Results: Results showed that, as a result of exercise training, there was significant increase in mRNA expression of gene ABCG5 in the experimental group than control group.Conclusion: It seems that exercise training as part of the cardiac rehabilitation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting can improve the reverse cholesterol transport process in the patients by impressing the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism.