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Title

EFFECTS OF BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACIDS, CARBOHYDRATE, CHOLIN , AND CHOLINERGIC ‎AGENTS SUPPLEMENTATION ON CENTRAL FATIGUE, AND MENTAL PERFORMANCE IN ADULT MALE ‎SOCCER PLAYERS DURING SOCCER-SPECIFIC INTERMITTENT RUNNING PROTOCOL

Pages

  41-64

Keywords

BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACIDS (BCAAS)Q4
TRYPTOPHAN (TRP)Q4
SEROTONIN (5-HYDROXYTRYPAMINE; 5-HT)Q2
DOPAMINE (DA)Q3
ACETYLCHOLINE (ACH)Q4
PROFILE OF MOOD STATES (POMS)Q4
COLOR AND WORD TEST (CWT)Q3
RATINGS OF PRECEIVED EXERTION (RPE)Q3
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)Q3

Abstract

 During a soccer match, players exercised at a relatively high intensity. It is therefore ‎not surprising that fatigue occurs causing performance to fall off in the laer stages o f ‎the match in the second half. Since decision-making as well as technical and tactical ‎aspects are important elements in soccer, towards the end of the match fatigue can ‎cause deteriorations in mental performance. Eric Newsholme et al. 91987) were the ‎first to hypothesize such a role for brain Serotonin (5-HT). Recently hypotheses have been developed and there has been an interest in the ‎possible role of the CNS in fatigue. A few mechanisms have been suggested to cause ‎CENTRAL FATIGUE such as changes in neurotransmitters of serotonin, dopamine and ‎acetylcholine. An increase in 5-HT, DA and ACh synthesis and metabolism typically ‎occur in response to an increase in delivery of blood-borne Trp, Tyr and cholin to the ‎brain and central serotonergic, dopaminergic and CHOLINErgic systems activated by ‎stress, exercise, eating, supplementation and medication. Thus fatigue could affect all ‎behavioral and physiological functions that could positively or negatively affect ‎power or endurance of performance. Thirty adult male soccer players were divided ‎into five groups randomly. Placebo group and experimental group whose ingestion ‎flavored water, glucose, BCAAs, lecithin and hydroalchoholic extract of SAGE, 2.5h ‎before and during SOCCER-SPECIFIC INTERMITTENT RUNNING PROTOCOL‏.‏ The peripheral serotonin and dopamine levels were determined through venous blood ‎samples collected throughout the last 2.5 hours, half-time and immediately after ‎soccer-specific intermittent running protocol. Subjects also completed the POMS, ‎CWT, RPE, and measured exercise time to fatigue. Based on our observations that ‎fatigue during soccer-specific intermittent protocol towards the end of the soccer ‎match in adult male soccer players is associated with an increase in barin 5-HT and a ‎reduction of brain dopamine, our working hypothesis is that a low ratio of 5-HT/DA ‎and high ACh level in the brain prevent mental fatigue and subsequently enhance ‎performance in soccer matches. Increased serotonergic activity may induce fatigue ‎through inhibition of the dopaminergic system and or the reduction of motivation to ‎perform. Furthermore, serotonergic activity can affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-‎adrenal axis, thermoregulation, pain, mood, motor coordination and other behaviors or ‎perceptions depending on specific situations such as physical activity‏.‏

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    APA: Copy

    KAZEMI, A., AKHOUNDZADEH, SH., AMINIAN, T., & JAVADI, E.. (2004). EFFECTS OF BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACIDS, CARBOHYDRATE, CHOLIN , AND CHOLINERGIC ‎AGENTS SUPPLEMENTATION ON CENTRAL FATIGUE, AND MENTAL PERFORMANCE IN ADULT MALE ‎SOCCER PLAYERS DURING SOCCER-SPECIFIC INTERMITTENT RUNNING PROTOCOL. HARAKAT, -(18), 41-64. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/30298/en

    Vancouver: Copy

    KAZEMI A., AKHOUNDZADEH SH., AMINIAN T., JAVADI E.. EFFECTS OF BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACIDS, CARBOHYDRATE, CHOLIN , AND CHOLINERGIC ‎AGENTS SUPPLEMENTATION ON CENTRAL FATIGUE, AND MENTAL PERFORMANCE IN ADULT MALE ‎SOCCER PLAYERS DURING SOCCER-SPECIFIC INTERMITTENT RUNNING PROTOCOL. HARAKAT[Internet]. 2004;-(18):41-64. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/30298/en

    IEEE: Copy

    A. KAZEMI, SH. AKHOUNDZADEH, T. AMINIAN, and E. JAVADI, “EFFECTS OF BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACIDS, CARBOHYDRATE, CHOLIN , AND CHOLINERGIC ‎AGENTS SUPPLEMENTATION ON CENTRAL FATIGUE, AND MENTAL PERFORMANCE IN ADULT MALE ‎SOCCER PLAYERS DURING SOCCER-SPECIFIC INTERMITTENT RUNNING PROTOCOL,” HARAKAT, vol. -, no. 18, pp. 41–64, 2004, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/30298/en

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