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مرکز اطلاعات علمی SID1
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Title: 
Author(s): 

Journal: 

قلم

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    13
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    3381
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

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Author(s): 

ASSADOLLAHI ALLAHSHOKR

Journal: 

PLUME

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2011
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    13
  • Pages: 

    5-16
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    3426
  • Downloads: 

    517
Abstract: 

The translator is the first person for linguistic signs, cultural notions and sociolinguistic aspects, play an important role in the transmission of images and the poetic conceptions. The method of the translator is to approach as possible as to the two visions of world, it means two languages whit all their around. But if we certify that, like supporters of the idea of impossibility of translation, especially the idea of who that think the translation is a treason, the translation is only an application or a change of form and the linguistic signs, in this case, the work of the translator will be to invent, to make and to find the equivalents in his/her language source. But if we follow the idea of G. Mounin and E. Nida about the existence of universal terms in the languages and the possibility of translation, at least by an indirect translation, the work of the translator will be to interpret the target text and not the signs obviously. Whatever is his/her method, the translator will follow a contrastive approach in his/her processes. This idea will be developed in this article and it will be illustrated by the Persian and French examples.   French: Approche contrastive du traducteur: traduisibilite et intraduisibilite Le traducteur, etant le premier filtre des signes linguistiques, des notions culturelles et des aspects sociolinguistiques, joue un role crucial dans la transmission des images et des conceptions poetiques. Sa methode est de rapprocher autant que possible deux visions du monde, c’est-a-dire deux langues, l’une de l’autre, avec tout ce qui est considere comme ses entours. Mais si, avec les tenants des idees de l' impossibilite de la traduction, surtout avec celles de ceux qui considerent la traduction comme une trahison, nous constatons que la traduction n’ est qu’ une application ou du changement de forme et des signes linguistiques, le travail du traducteur serait d’ inventer, de fabriquer et de trouver des equivalents dans sa langue de source, mais si nous suivons les idees de G. Mounin et E. Nida concernant l' existence des universaux dans les langues et la possibilite de la traduction, ne serait ce que par le biais d' une application oblique, la tache du traducteur serait d' interpreter le texte cible et pas les signes evidemment. Quelle que soit sa methode, le traducteur suivra une approche dite contrastive dans sa demarche. Cette idee sera developpee dans cet article tout en etant illustre par des exemples probants des textes persans et francais.Keywords: Traduction, Traducteur, Traduisibilite, Universaux, Approche Contrastive

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Author(s): 

AYATI AKRAM

Journal: 

PLUME

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2011
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    13
  • Pages: 

    17-37
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1072
  • Downloads: 

    334
Abstract: 

The concept of ekphrasis, issued from the ancient Greek rhetoric, revived in the nineteenth century by the Romantics and especially by the Parnassians. The restrictions imposed on the meaning of this word during the centuries led to the formation of a diminutive view of the history of descriptive writing. However, the ekphrasis had a special place in poetry and fiction arts of the nineteenth century. The ekphrasis in The ophile Gautier's poetic and romantic works is based on poet’s aesthetics on the search for absolute beauty in order to idealize the real. The verbal representation of an art work takes a variant forms in the collection of poems Espana. It plays a key role whose magnitude exceeds a rhetorical objective. French: La description de l’oeuvre picturale, la transcription de l’ailleurs: l’etude de l’ekphrasis dansEspana de Theophile Gautier La notion de l’ekphrasis, issue de la rhetorique antique, est mise a la mode au XIXe siecle par les romantiques et surtout par les parnassiens. Malgre les limites imposees pendant des siecles a sa definition qui ont mene la critique litteraire a une vision reductrice de l’histoire de l’ecriture descriptive, l’ekphrasis a eu une place de choix dans l’ecriture poetique et romanesque du XIXe siecle. L’insertion de l’oeuvre d’art et de sa description dans la poesie et les romans de Theophile Gautier, tres frequente chez l’ecrivain, est fondee sur l’esthetique du poete concernant la quete de la Beaute absolue afin d’idealiser le reel. La representation verbale de l’oeuvre d’art, parue sous une forme polyvalente dans le recueil poetiqueEspana, y joue un role essentiel dont l’ampleur depasse une fin rhetorique.Keywords: Ekphrasis, Transpositions d’Art, Theophile Gautier, la Peinture, l’Ecriture, Espana, Ailleurs, Autre, Poesie, XIXe Siecle

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Journal: 

PLUME

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2011
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    13
  • Pages: 

    39-53
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1306
  • Downloads: 

    218
Abstract: 

Espacementalisme is a new movement in contemporary poetry in Iran.This movement is inseparable from Royai's name. in fact Royai not only is the founder but also the best representative of this poetry. Concept like mental movement, Espacement, finality, third dimension, invisible, etc. which are based on philosophical and specially Phenomenological thoughts of the poet, belong to a personal poetics making a linguistic style for creating poetic images and produce a poetic space for cognition of the world. The present article is an attempt to study these concepts by using some examples from this new poetic style. French: L’espacementalisme de Royai, poetique de l’image et poetique de la connaissance Mouvement poetique dans la poesie persane contemporaine, l’espacementalisme reste inseparable du nom de Yadollah Royai qui en est non seulement l’initiateur, mais surtout son meilleur representant. De la formation de l’image a l’apprehension du monde, la demarche du poete est fondee sur une connaissance philosophique et surtout phenomenologique qui fait de sa poesie un mode de connaissance. Des notions comme (mouvement mental), (espacement), (finalite), (troisieme dimension), (invisible), etc. constituent la terminologie d’une poesie qu’on peut considerer comme une poetique de la poesie. L’article present propose une mise a l’examen de ces notions au travers des exemples tires de cette nouvelle poesie.Keywords: Ressemblance, Mouvement, Espacement, Finalite, Invisible, Espacementalisme, Royai, Husserl, Merleau-Ponty

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Journal: 

PLUME

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2011
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    13
  • Pages: 

    55-70
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1823
  • Downloads: 

    879
Abstract: 

In this article, Louis Aragon is introduced as a contemporary feminist poet and writer, A poet who engaged simultaneously and identically in the two phenomena, Feminism and Resistance, during the World War II. He, unlike those who consider women as limits to the power of the battlers, praises women in all his works. He explicitly declares that it has been his beloved who has granted him the spirit and vigor to resist and continue living within the war. His themes, styles and examples and, in fact, the major parts of his works are full of Elsa’s feminine presence. There commences and continues a movement, from Elsa to the France, traversing the evocation of other feminine figures, images of beauty and magnificence of culture. Aragon has attributed to the France too, all the values he had primarily dedicated to his beloved, as an adorable and lively feminine character.Love, herein, finds a dual aspect. This is the manner of a French poetwriter, who, initiating the Poetry of the Resistance through adopting an implied style so as to seem legal against its contemporary censorship ambiance plays a brilliant role within the war. He impliedly praises France, which is frustrated by the war and summons up his compatriots to save their common love, their homeland, France, which is, per se, well realized in the emblematic eyes of Elsa, his beloved woman. French: L’imagologie du feminisme aragonien Louis Aragon, dont nous essaierons d’analyser l’oeuvre dans cet article sous l’angle d’un poete et ecrivain feministe contemporain, est l’un des principaux poetes engages de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, et plus particulierement de la Resistance. Dans son oeuvre, il celebre la femme, a l’appose ceux qui la considerent comme un element paralysant le cote guerrier de l’homme, du guerrier, il affirme explicitement que c’est sa bien-aimee qui lui donne de l’espoir pour continuer a vivre.Cette lecture de son oeuvre ne deroutera pas le lecteur qui a bien connu l’epoque de la censure et de l’oppression, celui qui va plus loin que la simple structure et superpose le contenu commun de son oeuvre.D’Elsa a la France, la ligne est continue passant par l’evocation d’autres figures feminines, images de la beaute et de la richesse d’une culture, Aragon attribue aussi les valeurs assignees a l’etre aimee a la France, representee dans ses poemes sous la forme d’une figure feminine vivante et adoree. En atteste l’image largement developpee dans (Plus belle que les larmes), ou l’admiration pour la patrie s’exprime par l’exaltation du corps feminin. L’amour occupe donc lui aussi une double fonction: il est a la fois amour humain et amour de la patrie-patrie dont meme le drapeau est defini a travers des images feminines.Voici resumee la demarche d’un poete-ecrivain engage qui joue un role primordial dans la poesie de resistance, en s’exprimant au travers d’une (modalite de contrebande), afin de pouvoir s’exprimer legalement pendant la periode de la censure. Ainsi, dans son oeuvre, il celebre la France sous-entendue, hantee par la guerre, et lance par la-meme un appel a ses compatriotes pour sauver leur amour commun, leur partie, la France-appel realise a travers les yeux emblematiques d’Elsa.Keywords: Image, Feminisme, Elsa, Amour, Femme, France, Engagement, Patriotisme, Nationalisme, Resistance

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Author(s): 

GILLON JEAN YVES

Journal: 

PLUME

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2011
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    13
  • Pages: 

    71-91
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1165
  • Downloads: 

    377
Abstract: 

This paper is the revised and up-dated version of a lecture given at Teheran University on the occasion of the symposium about “Culture and Art in France in 20th Century” which was organised by the Faculty of World Studies, on 19th and 20th May 2009.Leon Bloy (1846-1917) is a French writer from the beginning of Twentieth Century. He is the most radical and one of the most influential authors of the stream of catholic literature, which contributed strongly in the French culture of this century. While introducing the works of Bloy, the author focuses on some aspects that might be of special concern for Iranian readers. Then, he gives a brief survey of Bloy’s influence and finally tries to explain why readers, critics and scholars have recently taken a new interest in this great writer.   French: Un catholicisme de protestation: Leon Bloy et sa posterite litteraire Cet article est l’adaptation d’une communication au colloque sur (La culture en France au XXeme siècle) qui s’est tenu a l’universite de Teheran, a l’initiative de la faculte d’etudes mondiales, les 19 et 20 mai 2009.L’auteur a choisi d’y presenter un auteur du debut du siecle, Leon Bloy (1846-1917), et a travers lui, un des courants de la litterature d’inspiration catholique, qui traverse tout le vingtieme siecle francais, et dont Bloy est le representant le plus radical et l’un des plus influents.Apres avoir presente l’oeuvre de Bloy, en insistant sur certains de ses aspects qui peuvent particulierement interesser des lecteurs iraniens, l’auteur propose quelques apercus sur sa posterite litteraire et intellectuelle, et s’interroge sur les raisons du regain d’interet dont beneficie aujourd’hui ce grand ecrivain.Keywords: Bloy, Litterature du XXeme Siecle, Catholicisme du XXeme siecle, Romanciers Catholiques, Massignon

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Journal: 

PLUME

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2011
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    13
  • Pages: 

    93-104
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    740
  • Downloads: 

    293
Abstract: 

After the World War I, the generation of authors who had experienced this period condemns the principles of socio-cultural and ideological foundations of the western identity on which the society was based upon. They find the neglected western values in distant territories among which Asia occupies a different and special position.André Malraux, one of the most famous writers of this generation, sets his most remarkable Asian novelHuman Fate in China which represents the confusing space of that period. In the beginning of the 20th century, there are many Europeans in China. In the novel, the presence of various nationalities within this multiracial space creates a suitable occasion for western colonialism. Eastern and western characters belonging to different cultural and geographical contexts are part of the different “intercultural” and “geocultural” space. How is the presence of these multiracial characters, most of them in struggle with identity crisis, justified in the story? Why does the European spirit and ideology dominate the setting of the novel? How are the concepts of occidental “Identity” and “Alterity” applied in the novel.   French: Imagologie identitaire des personnages dans La Condition humaine Apres la Premiere Guerre mondiale, une generation d’ecrivains qui a vecu la guerre, met en cause les principes socioculturels et les fondements ideologiques sur lesquels est basee l’identite occidentale.Ils sont en quete des valeurs oubliees de l’Occident dans les territoires lointains dont l’Asie, parmi d’autres, occupe une place a part entiere.Faisant partie de cette meme generation d’ecrivains d’entre-deuxguerres, Malraux situe l’action de son roman asiatique le plus estime, La Condition humaine, dans la Chine qui est un espace confus de la contingence a l’epoque. La Chine du debut du XXe siecle est peuplee d’etrangers, et notamment d’Europeens. La presence de multiples nationalites au sein de cet espace multiraciste marque le climat favorable au colonialisme occidental. DansLa Condition humaine, les personnages europeens et orientaux font partis de l’espace (intercultural) et (geoculturel) different. Quelle justification peut avoir la presence de ces personnages multiraciaux, plus ou moins en crise d’identite? Pourquoi est-ce l’ideologie, surtout le communisme, et l’esprit europeen, qui dominent l’espace oriental du roman? Comment les concepts d’ (Identite) et d’ (Alterite) occidentales sont appliques dans cet espace multiraciste.Keywords: Espace Multi Raciste, Identite, Alterite, Colonialisme, Communisme

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Author(s): 

KARIMIAN FARZANEH

Journal: 

PLUME

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2011
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    13
  • Pages: 

    105-125
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    922
  • Downloads: 

    159
Abstract: 

From an early age, Barres had familiarised himself with the works of Chateaubriand. Through the works of this writer an enthusiastic reader discovers unknown worlds, whether on the earth, or inside his own being. In fact, the reading instructs and encourages him to travel, or carries him to different places, a kind of journey in depth of one's soul.With admiration for his master, Barres embarks on journeys before presenting the “itinerary” of his own travels. Elation, and disillusion are in a sense always hand in hand. In this article, odyssey of Barres will be followed whilst outlining the specific role of Chateaubriand: fromadmiration and imitation to abandonment and reconciliation before succeeding to create literature in his own turn.   French: Barres et Chateaubriand: du dialogisme a l’intertextualite Des son tres jeune age, Barres se familiarise-t-il avec les livres de Chateaubriand. Fervent lecteur, il decouvre au travers des pages de cet ecrivain des mondes inconnus, soit sur la terre, soit a l’interieur de son etre. En realite, la lecture l’instruit, l’incite a se deplacer physiquement ou bien le transporte dans des endroits differents, une sorte de voyage dans les profondeurs de son ame.Par admiration pour son maitre, Barres entreprend des voyages avant d’offrir lui-meme son propre (Itineraire). L’exaltation et la desillusion sont, en ce sens, toujours au rendez-vous. Dans cet article, nous suivrons le parcours barresien tout en soulignant le role determinant de Chateaubriand: de l’admiration et de l’imitation a l’abandon et a la reconciliation avant d’arriver a son tour a la creation. Notre objectif est alors de pouvoir regrouper les entrecroisements, les incorporations ou tout simplement les dialogues entre les ecrits de ces deux ecrivains. Pour ce faire, on souligne notamment le long cheminement des ecrits barresiens, l’histoire de ses productions, de sa genealogie et les relations qui nouent les textes du disciple a son maitre a tous les niveaux.Keyword: Dialogisme, Intertextualite, Lyrisme, Engagement, Romantisme

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Journal: 

PLUME

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2011
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    13
  • Pages: 

    127-142
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1706
  • Downloads: 

    569
Abstract: 

In the XXe, translation is changing. Slowly, we go from language to speech, with text as unity. We are discovering the oral of literature, not like in theatre only. Intuitively, the greatest translators have ever known it. We discover that the translation of a literal text must do what a literal text do through its prosody, its rhythm, its significance, such as o kind of individualization, a kind of form-topic that radically move the precepts of transparency and faithfulness of the traditional theory. As part of our doctorate thesisReception of the quatrains of Omar Khayyam in France (XIX-XXIe centuries), because of failure to analyze all the quatrains, we propose to compare the translations of one of the high frequently translated robâ’i or quatrain in most of the French translations of the Quatrains.There is no essential difference between Omar Khayyam read by a French or an English person of the XXIe century and Omar Khayyam read in French by Theophile Gautier. Neither one, nor the other, is Omar Khayyam. In both cases, it is question of translating a linguistic, ideological and esthetic system in intelligible terms in order to step inside the universe, maybe a strange universe, of a stranger and to communicate with him.So, every literature is an interpretation with its musical terms. And in interpretation lies interpreter. First of all, literature translates the real, the life, the nature, as do other arts. Then, it is the public’s turn to translate it, over and over. And that is the reason why, from the innumerable types of gaps between a work and its reader, the comparative literature becomes attached to the work. Therefore, this approach is constructive of the constant objectives of the comparatives researches and helps us to have a better understanding of the stake of translation.   French: Etude critique des traductions en francais d’un quatrain d’Omar Khayyam Au XXe siecle, la traduction se transforme. On passe peu a peu de la langue au discours, au texte comme unite. On commence a decouvrir l’oralite de la litterature, pas seulement au theatre. Ce que les grands traducteurs savaient intuitivement, depuis toujours. On decouvre qu’une traduction d’un texte litteraire doit faire ce que fait un texte litteraire, par sa prosodie, son rythme, sa signifiance, comme une des formes de l’individualisation, comme une forme-sujet. Ce qui deplace radicalement les preceptes de transparence et de fidelite de la theorie traditionnelle. Or, dans le cadre de cet article issu d’une these de doctorat intituleeReception des Quatrains d’Omar Khayyam en France (XIXe-XXIe siecles), nous nous sommes proposes de confronter les traductions d’unroba’i ou quatrain d’Omar Khayyam-a defaut de pouvoir analyser la totalite des quatrains-dont la frequence de traduction est considerable dans presque toutes les traductions en francais desQuatrains. Entre Omar Khayyam lu par un Francais ou un Anglais du XXIe siecle, et le meme Omar Khayyam lu en francais par Theophile Gautier, il n’y a pas de difference essentielle. Ni l’un ni l’autre ne sont Khayyam. Dans les deux cas, il s’agit de traduire un systeme linguistique, ideologique et esthetique en termes intelligibles, afin d’entrer dans un univers etranger, voire etrange, et de communier avec lui.Toute litterature, donc, est interpretation, au sens musical du terme, et dans interpretation, il y a interprete. Elle traduit d’abord le reel, la vie, la nature, comme le font les autres arts, puis le public le traduit a son tour, indefiniment. C’est pourquoi, parmi les innombrables formes de decalage entre une oeuvre et son lecteur, la litterature comparee s’attache a celle-ci. Cette demarche est donc constitutive de l’objectif constant des etudes comparatives et nous permet de mieux cerner l’enjeu de la traduction.Keyword: Traduction, Reception, Critique, Omar Khayyam, Robai, Versification, Prose

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Journal: 

PLUME

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2011
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    13
  • Pages: 

    143-163
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1330
  • Downloads: 

    550
Abstract: 

Almost all critical studies concerning Lautreamont allude to a strong presence of parody in his works, but no methodological study is to be found, exclusively dedicated to this matter. This is because, parody has been, for very long, marginalized by literary critics, and that it was not valued and rehabilitated by literature, literary critic and poetic, before the 20th century. This article, belonging to the intertextuality line, seeks to study the modality of the presence of this technique or, according to some literary theorists, this literary genre, and its’ functions in Les Chants de Maldoror. What appears here, is not solely the abundant presence of different themes and sclerosesliterary disparate originated discourses, but also the involvement of literary notions such as, genre, writing and reading.   French: Lautreamont et la parodie Presque toutes les etudes critiques concernant Lautreamont font allusion a la forte presence de la parodie dans ses oeuvres, mais on ne trouve aucune etude methologique, exclusivement consacree a cette question. Cela parce que la parodie a ete depuis longtemps marginalisee par la critique litteraire et qu’il fallait attendre le XXe siecle pour qu’elle se voie valorisee et rehabilitee par la litterature, la critique litteraire et la poetique. Le present article, situe dans la lignee de l’intertextualite, se propose la tache d’etudier la modalite de la presence de cette technique ou, selon certains theoriciens litteraires, de ce genre litteraires ainsi que ses fonctions dansLes Chants de Maldoror. Ce qui y revele, non seulement, la presence abondante de differents themes et discours scleroses litteraires d’origines disparates, mais aussi, met en question les notions litteraires comme le genre, l’ecriture et la lecture.Keyword: Lautreamont, Parodie, Intertextualite, Effet d’Heteroclite, ecriture Carnavalesque et Lecture Dialectique

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 550 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 0