Journal of Aquaculture Development
Year:2014 | Volume:8 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Two trials were conducted to test the water quality improvement and growth performance of rockworm Marphysa sanguinea (Montagu) fed on commercial feed, fish feces and uneaten feed of olive flounder under controlled temperature conditions in integrated the semi-recirculating system for 14 weeks in the fisheries science and technology center, pukyong national university, South Korea (2012). No significant differences observed in growth performance among fishes in each experimental group (P>0.05). In group 1 with under 0.5 g initial weight, the harvested biomass of M. sanguinea in T2 (2000 inds/m2) with 704.5 g/m2 was higher than other treatments and the optimal removal efficiency of TN with 48% to belonged T2, TP with 45% to T3, TSS with 78% to T2, COD with 17% to T3 and NH3 with 31% to T3.. In group 2, with 0.6 to 1.5 g initial weight, the harvested biomass of M. sanguinea in T2 (1000 inds/m2) with 832 g/m2 was higher than other treatments and the optimal removal efficiency of TN with 63% to belonged to T2, TP with 43% to T3, TSS with 76% to T2, COD with 21% to T3 and NH3 with 37% to T2. This study demonstrated that M. sanguinea with 4000 inds/m2 in worms with under 0.5 g, and with 1000 inds/m2 (between 0.6-1.5g) can be a suitable spices for integrated culture and wastewater recycling or reducing of organic and inorganic materials in semi-recirculating system.

The aim of present study was to determine the effects of complete replacing fish oil with vegetable oils, as an alternative plant lipid source in diets for rainbow trout (63.50±0.06 g mean individual weight), on the growth performance, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of fish. Four iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets containing 100% fish oil, 100% soybean oil, 100% sunflower oil and 100% canola oil were fed to triplicate group of rainbow trout. No significant difference was observed in the case of weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and condition factor, Protein efficiency ratio, chemical composition of fillet (crude protein, crude lipid, moisture and ash) (P>0.05). Generally, the fatty acids composition of fish fillet was significantly affected by the experimental diets. in the present study, total replacement of fish oil with vegetable oils reduced levels of w-3, mainly EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and In contrast, increased levels of w-6 mainly linoleic acids(18:2n-6). The highest amount of w-3, EPA and DHA was observed in fish fillet fed by 100% fish oil diet, which was significantly different from other treatments (P<0.05). However, content of w-3, EPA and DHA fatty acids had no significant difference between treatments of canola oil, soybean oil and sunflower oil (P≥0.05). Maximum ratio w-3/w-6 was determined in fish fillet fed by 100% fish oil (P<0.05). The ratio of w-3/w-6 had no significant difference between treatments with different vegetable oils (P≥0.05). PUFA/SFA ratio is useful key factor for evaluation of fish nutrition quality. In this research the PUFA/SFA ratio for soybean and sunflower treatment was the highest and the lowest level was for fish oil treatment. The amount of PUFA/SFA ratio for all treatment was more than recommended by HMSO (>0.45). By substituting vegetable oil in rainbow trout diets polyunsaturated long chain fatty acids such as EPA and DHA in vegetable oil treatments lowered in comparison with fish oil treatment (P≥0.05). Finally, we can conclude that, since the complete replacement of vegetable oil instead of fish oil in salmon diets had no significant effect on growth and nutritional parameters in comparison with fish oil, but on fatty acid composition of salmon in particular long chain fatty acids such as EPA and DHA polyunsaturated affect their values are significantly reduced. Based on the results of growth performance and fatty acid composition of the experimental fish in the present study, it can be concluded that to maintain appropriate levels of Omega 3 fatty acids such as EPA and DHA which is highly effective in human health, blend of vegetable oils especially soybean oil and canola oil with fish oil in rainbow trout diets should be included.

The recent study carried out to determine feeding different levels of Brachinus plicatilis and Artemia Parthenogenetica on growth and survival percent of Acipenser persicus larvae in four treatments including 100% Nauplious Artemia Parthenogenetica (control group), 75% Artemia Parthenogenetica and 25% Brachinus plicatilis (treatment 2), 50% Artemia Parthenogenetica and 50% Brachinus plicatilis (treatment 3), 75% Brachinus plicatilis and 25% Artemia Parthenogenetica (treatment 4) in 3 replicates for each treatment in similar rearing conditions for 11 days. After absorption of yolk sac and initial feeding, 500 species introduced in tanks with 60L volume. During experiment, the mean water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen was 22±0.5oc, 8.2±0.2 and 9.5±0.3mg/l, respectively. The larvae fed based in during 6 times up to satiation. The results showed that feeding efficiency and growth in 3 days larvae (after beginning of initial feeding) fed by treatment 3 is significantly higher than treatment 2 (p≤0.05). While, there is no significant difference in the mentioned indices at treatments 3 and 4. The highest survival percent observed in treatment 4. Carcass analysis of larvae shows that the highest percent of protein and fat exist in control treatment. There is no significant difference among different treatments (p≥0.05). Regarding the results, it can be concluded that feeding of 3 to 7 days larvae by 75% Artemia Parthenogenetica and 25% Brachinus plicatilis (treatment 2) is better than other treatments. It shows better growth, feed efficiency, survival percent and body biochemical composition.

In this study, effects of substitution of fish oil with vegetable oils on growth and nutrition and survival of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were studied for 60 days. A total of 240 pieces of carp with a mean weight of 20+0.5g with four treatments were fed with four iso nitrogenous and iso energetic diets contain 10% lipid. Diet contains 100% fish oil was used as control, The second, third and fourth treatments contain 100% soybean oil, 100% palm oil, and mixed 50% soybean oil and 50% palm oilwere designed respectively. Growth factors include percentage of body weight gain (BWG), daily weight gain (DWG) and percentage growth rate (SGR), in the control treatment (fish oil) were significantly lower and fourth treatment had the highest growth in the mentioned three indicators (p<0.05). Nutritional indicators such as feed conversion ratio in control treatment were higher than other treatments, and the best rate for FCR in soybean and palm oil treatment were observed (p<0.05), while no significant difference in feed conversion efficiency (FCE), liver index (HI) and visceral index (VI) were observed. No significant differences in survival rate (SR) groups were observed. In this study, according to growth, nutrition and survival indicators, the best treatment was showed treatment contains 50% of soybean oil and 50% of palm oil.

This research designed to inspect proper density and starter live food determination in pike perch (Sander lucioperca) larvae. Brood stocks collected from the lake behind the Aras dam firstly. Then they used for semi-artificial reproduction in Dr. Yousefpour hatchery and Marine fish resources rehabilitation Center. Initially 6750 perch larvae (7.5±0.5 mg Mean±SD) fed by Rotifera after yolk attraction and beginning of the feeding then they divided between 9 treatments, fed with Artemia naplius, Daphnia and Artemia-Daphni mixture in 3 level of densities (25, 50 and 75 N/lit) with 3 replicate. At the end of 3 week of feeding trial, Final weight, final total length, specific growing rate, daily growth weight, daily total length growing rate, biomass and weight gain (WG) in larvae fed in 50 and 75 (N/lit) density and with daphnia and mixture were significantly higher than fish fed other diets. Larvae fed with daphnia in 25 (N/lit) showed the highest survival rate. Body Composition Analysis showed, low density with daphnia feeding led to fat storage than others, while high density larvae fed with Artemia showed body protein percentage more. On obtained results seems larger food in size (Daphni) and mixture food with density 50 (N/lit) from the third week of culture lead to better growth and with density 25 (N/lit) more survival in perch larvae.

The objective of this study was to evaluate of Benni fish (Barbus sharpeyi), Caracas analysis at different growth stages in order to making special feed formulation useable in aquaculture. 413 fishes 30 to 440 mm length, were divided to different lengthen groups, harvested from different water bodies of Khozestan province (Shadegan and Horolazim estuaries) and used for measuring of proximate composition (Protein, lipid, ash, phosphorus, Calcium) and amino acid profiles. The highest protein content of fish Caracas was observed in group 30 to 95 mm which is decreased with increasing in fish length. The lowest Caracas lipid measured in 149-100 mm group length. It is obviously that decreasing the protein content were accomplish with increasing in lipid content of fish Caracas. The highest ash content same as phosphorus and calcium was obtained in fishes in 99-3 mm length and decreased them with increasing in fish length so the lowest ash, P and Ca contents were in 440-360 mm group. The maximum energy content was evaluated in fishes with 359-250 mm length and increased with increasing in lipid content. The profile of Caracas fish amino acid showed there are Argenin, Histidine, Leucin, Lysin, Methionin, Phenylalanin, Teronin and Valin same in all fish samples from different length groups which is showed there is a unique pattern for synthesize of these amino acids in different growth stages.

The ornamental fish Silver mono Monodactylus argenteus is interesting for aquarists. However, mortality rate during transportation and dead after arrival is causing loss to sellers. In the current research, influence of three concentrations of MS222 (30, 40 and 50 mg/l) as an anesthetics to reduce stress in fish during transportation and thereby maintain water quality in simulated transport was studied. In the anesthesia groups compare to control group, slowed the deterioration in dissolved oxygen, nitrite, carbon dioxide, and pH in the transport water. This low changes declined the mortality during simulated transportation and dead after arrival in the anesthesia groups. This study showed that the use of MS222 with the appropriate concentration in ornamental fish transportation reduced stress, deterioration in water quality, ensure a better transport condition and resulting in improved survival during transport.

A feeding trial carried out in order to investigation of the effects of protexin probiotic and manan prebiotic on growth, survival and body composition of with leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannami) for two months. In this study 420 individuals of shrimp with the weight of 5.53±0.03 and density of 20 individual per500 liters Tanks, introduced. Experimental Treatment were prepared with different percent of two additives as f1: 0.5P/1.5Mosg per kg, f2: 1P/1.5Mosg per kg, f3: 3P/1.5Mosg per kg, f4: 0.5P/1.5Mosg per kg, f5: 1P/3Mosg per kg, f6: 3P/3Mosg per kg. At the end of rearing period growth, survival and body composition of shrimps were recorded and analysed. The results showed that complementing of feed with symbiotic (protexin probiotic and manan oligosaccharide prebiotic) had significant effects on growth, feed conversion rate increasing of survival and improvment of body composition (P<0.05). In addition, results indicate significant counter effects of between feeds that complemented with protexin and manan oligosaccharid on growth and Body compostion (P<0.01). In general results of this study showed that addition of 1P/3Mosg per kg of commercial food could improve the efficiency of food conversion and survival rate of with leg shrimp.