DANESHVAR MEDICINE
Year:2000 | Volume:7 | Issue:27|Papers Count:16

Cervical cancer is one of the most important causes of women mortality and morbidity. One of the cervical cancer risk factors is veneral diseases. The most important veneral diseases are infection with Human papilloma virus. In this study the existence of Human papillomavirus in women with abnormal pap smears was investigated. Human papillomavirus (HPV) of the cervix were assessed in 317 patients attending at colposcopy clinic were cal1'iedout in 293 patients and the results showed that 12 (4. I %) had human papillomavirus. Ten out of 114 patients with cervical innterepithelial neoplasia (CIN), (9/6%) had humanpapillama virus infection had concurrent with CIN was found in 10 out of 12 patients (83%). Patients with humanpapilloma virus were older than patients with this infection in others studies. There was no correlation between age of marriage, number of pregnancy and susceptibility to HPV.      

In our Country, control of population growth is very important. Norplant is a long - acting, reversible, and highly effective contraceptive method. This retrospective investigation was done by questionnaire, interview and physical exam, for determination of acceptance rate and cause of discontinuation of norplant among users during 2yearsfollow up (1373 -1375) in MAMASSANEE. Due to this investigation, acceptance rate in rural area is higher than urban area. The most common complaint of users was vertigo and amenorrhea. After two years follow up norplant were removed in 31 out of 266 ladies (11.7%). The most common cause of removal was side effect (45.5%) and wrong impression (45.5%).The most common side effect that w~ effective on removal of norplant was AUB (Abnormal uterine bleeding). 16.2% of users, and 80.6% of ladies that removed their norplant, were lived in urban area It is suggested that by true information, training and counseling service before implanting of norplant, can prevent removing of norplant.      

Aim: The use of the direct electric current for the promotion of the osteointegration in poor quality bone. Material and methods: Application of the DEC circuit (20 uA) in the subcutaneous layer of the rabbits ventral surface. Placement of IMZ- Twinplus dental implqnts in the rabbit's tibias and the stimulation of the ossointegration by DEC. Two rabbits were in the control group and two rabbits in the treatment group. Results: The histomorphometric study in the cancellous bone demonstrated that the mean of the osseointegration in the control group was 49.95% (min. 4 and max.60) and treatment group 54.06% (min. 0 and mx. 71). The hisotomorphometric study in the cortical bone of the control and treatment group werealmost 100%. This study demonstrates that the study model of' implant placement in the poor quality bone and stimulating it by DEC' is applicable. The osseointegration can be stimulated with limited efficacy in the cancellous part of the poor quality bone.      

Blood pressure measurement is one of the common methods used by physicians and Nurses for clinical evaluation in patients. Methods which are utilized to measure the blood pressure, Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope are the most common. In this study palpation of the brachial pulse, as a new method, was examined and compared with the routine method. The experiments were carried out in 100 of out patients in Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital. The diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was measured 2 times by stethoscope and palpation of the brachial pulse separately. The amount of diastolic blood pressure measured by the new and the routine methods were 74±12 and 75±12 mmHg, respectively, with a correlation coefficient equal to 0.82. The results showed no significant differences between two methods, therefore it can be concluded that the DBP measurement by palpation is as reliable and accurate as the routine method.    

Black widow spider is among the most commonly known poisonous spiders that have world distribution in Central Asia, Mediterranean region. It is locally well known as Dolmak in the Northeast of Iran. The present survey was performed subsequent on 3 cases of death in 1992 and 195 cases of bite which led to hospitalization in Imam Reza (PBUH) Hospital during 1994-1997. In our study, we have collected 216 live specimens that were identified into four different species namely, Lathrodectus tredecimguttatus (61.57%), L. dahlia (31.48%), L. geometricus (5.1%) and L. pallidus (0.1.39%). Most of the specimens were collected in Bojnord county (22.69%) and then Chenaran country (21.3%) while the lowest were belonged to Fariman (0.93%) and Torbat-E-jam countries (1.85%). Epidemiological study in cases of 195 individuals, who were inflicted by black widow spiders, revealed that 70.88% of them were males and 29.2% of cases were females. They were hospitalized 1-8 days after they were bitten. The highest indence occurred among the farmers (36.4%) and the housewives were the next (27.9%). The age groups were mostly 15-45 years old and the legs were most exposed part of the body (45%) to inflections. The majority of patients who referred to hospital5 were from mashad (60%). The most observed symptoms were a5follows: Localized pain (96.5%), diffused pain in an organ (95.3%), diffused pain throughout the body (87%), trumbeling (83%), exhaustion (82.4%).      

Pre-Experimental research carried out in order to evaluate the effects of family Counseling Program on prevention of Abuse of Elderly Women. Thirty elderly women and their families were participated in this Program including Psychological abuse, Violation of rights. The data was gathered by questionnaire, Checklist format and designed counseling Program were employed in two ph aye. Analysis of data showed that relation between elderly women and their family was increased (P<0.000) after family counseling program. The paired samples t -test and wilcoxon statistical test showed a significant differences among mean of relation between family and elder, behavioral indicator of abuse and physical indicator of neglect, neglect, Psychological abuse and violation of rights. Therefore, neglect, psychological abuse, violation of rights, behavioral indicator of abuse and physical indicator of neglect decreased (P<0.000) after family counseling program. The results showed a significant correlation among physical problems, education level and family income with abuse. It is recommended that family counseling program can be used as a basic and essential approach to prevention abuse of elderly women.      

, as a second messenger could play a role in activation of inflammatory cells. Calmodulin is calcium binding protein and mediated many ca2+ -dependent processes in the cells. Trifluoperazine (TFP) is a calmodulin antagonist, and has antipsychotic action. In the present study we analyzed, the effect of TFP on kaolin - induced paw edema in rats and compared to anti-inflammatory effects of ibuprofen and bradykinin antagonist. The adult male rats were used. Acute inflammatory edema was induced by intraplantar injection of 0.1 ml of 2%, 4%, and 8% kaolin suspention for 1, 4, and 8 hours. Various doses of TFP (8, 32 mg/kg), ibuprofen (12 mg/kg), and B1 bradykinin receptor antagonist (0.1, and 0.5 mg/kg) given i.p. 15 min, before kaolin injection. Paw edema assessed by calculation of a percentage of increase in Paw weight and by extravastion of Evans Blue dye in test Paws compared to the control paw. The results showed that kaolin at 4%, after 4 hours effectively inhanced paw weight by 183%, which was inhibited by TFP 98.8% and 93.9% at 8 and 32 mg/kg respectively. Kaolin injection also induces 265.5% increase in Evans Blue extravasation, which was reduced by TFP (38%). No significant differences were found between inhibitory effects of TFP and ibuprofen on Evans Blue content, but, the inbibdory effect of TFP on paw weight was found to be more than ibuprofen (14.5 %). The anti -inflammatory effect of bradykinin antagonist was significantly lesser than other drugs. These data suggest that, calmodulin antagonist (TFP) effectively can inhibit kaolin -induced inflammatory edema, so that, these effects are comparable to ibuprofen, and more potent than Bl bradykinin receptor antagonist.      

It is commonly accepted that the sex of newborns is under the influence of parental blood pH and cations level. On the other hand survey in the field of Iranian and Islamic medicine customy indicates that with parental consumption of chicory, the sex of babies is very likely to become male. In this study, the effects of parental administration of chicory leaves (Cichorium intybus L.) extract on the blood pH and cations level and the sex of newborns of Wistar rat were investigated. Both sexes of experimental groups 1 and 2 (5 males and 12 females in each group), respectively, were injected intraperitonealy by 1 and 0.7 g/kg body weight (LD50= 2.244 g/kg) Soxhlet aqueous extract of chicory leaves for a duration of 30 days, by 72 hours intervals. Control rats (4 male and 16 females) were injected distilled water. During the injectional period, blood samples were collected from all animals and the pH of the blood and the serum concentrations of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and testosterone level (in males) were measured. At day 30, all rats were mated inter- and intra-grouply. After birth, the male and female newborns were counted and the sex ratio of each group was calculated. The results obtained from the present investigation showed that blood pH and the serum levels of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in all groups were unchanged while there was a significant increase (p<0.01)in Na+ and K+ level (and therefore [Na+]+[K+]/ [Ca2+]+[Mg2+]  of experimental group 1, comparing with control group. Also the sex ratio of experimental group 1 showed an increase by 10.23%, which was significant (p<0.05). No significant differences was found in serum levels of Na+, K+ and the sex ratio of experimental group 2 comparing with control group. But there was a significant difference between experimental group 1 and 2. These results indicate that chicory leave consumption probably by altering the electrolytes balance of the body internal environment may increases the sex ratio.      

A quasi experimental (case control) study was organized, to find out the effect of health education program, presented by teachers, on the prevention of oxyuriasis in girl primary schools in Ardekan in 1998. The data was gathered in two periods, by a questionnaire, a check-list and the Graham test. A remarkable effect on students health behavior (P<0.05) was found after 1 and 2 months of health education program. The health education program was also effective, and established the health behaviors in students. The result of Graham test over 658 students in case and control groups showed that the rate of infection to oxyuriasis was 39.71% and 42.85% respectively, while the average of infection in the whole population was 41.18%. After 2.5 months of health education program the rate of infections in the case group was decreased to 13.63% while in the control group it was reduced to 29.49%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the health program has had a positive effect on the prevention of oxyuriasis in the student.      

Xrs-5 and xrs-7 are radiation - sensitive mutants of the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines. These cells show a defect in rejoining of DNA double strand breaks and alterations in chromosome structure and morphology. Irs1 is also another Chinese hamster mutant derived from V79 cells with a high sensitivity to radiation and chemicals. The relationship between radiation sensitivity and metaphase chromosome size and morphology was examined in these mutants and their parental wild type cells. Cells were grown in MEM medium and after colcemid treatment, metaphase was prepared using standard methods. Slides were air dried and left on hot surface over night at 54°C and stained in Dapi. Metaphases were analysed using a computerized system, Smartcapture VP, and measurements were performed using IP Lab software. Results indicate a significant difference between the length, thickness and ratio of thickness to length of chromosomes xrs-5 to CHO-K1 andxrs-7 cells (P<0.001). Xrs-5 Chromosomes were seen to be over- condensed and shorter. In contrast, length of irs1 cells was seen to be longer than its parental lines, V79 and V79-4. This is also found to be significantly different from each other (P <0. 001). These results suggest that there is a fundamental difference between mutant and parental cell~ in either the organization of the loops of DNA attached to the nuclear matrix or in the nature of the proteins that attach the DNA to the matrix. However, Chromosome size and over - condensed morphology might not play a role in radiosensitivity of cells, but might be due to alterations in the phosphorylation of chromatin proteins.    

We investigated the effect of thawing procedure by two or three steps on the survival, fertilization and developmental rate of vitrified MII mouse oocyte. Female NMRI mice (6-10 weeks old) were superovulated using IP injection of 10 IU human Monoposal Gonadotropin (hMG) and 10 IU human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG). The ovulated oocytes were then collected from the ampullary portion of the oviducts at 12-14 hours after hCG injection. The cumulus cells mass were apart by 0.1% hyaluronidase. The oocytes were vitrified by a solution of PBI contained 30 % (W/V) ficoll 70, 0.5 M sucrose, 10.7% (W/V) acetamid and 10% (V/V) ethylene glycol and stored in liquid nitrogen. The frozen oocytes were thawed using sucrose solutions by two and three step manner (the group 1: with 0.5 M surose and PBI, the group 2 with 1 and 0.5 M sucrose and PBI). Then the oocytes were inseminated with epididymal sperm, cultured in T6 medium. Control non frozen oocytes were also inseminated. The survival rate of vitrified oocytes after thawing in the group 1 was 79% and in the group 2 was 76.1 %. The fertilization rates of the group 1, 2 and control were 40.8%, 45.4% & 48% respectively. The developmental rates of the group 1, 2 and control were 95%, 95% and 96% respectively. There was no significant difference between three groups. The thawing procedure by two or three steps had no effect on the survival and development of oocyte. This vitrification method is a simple and useful procedure for cryopreservation of oocytes.      

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is one of the five classes of Immunoglobulin. Monoclonal Antibodies (mabs) have been produced by a single clonotype to different epitops of IgE. The potential application of mab is widly extended including diagnostic kits. In this study, we attempt to produce mab against Human IgE. Balblc mice were immunized with purified IgE and spleen cells fused with SP2/0 mouse myeloma cell line in the presence of poly ethylen glycol (PEG). Supernatant of hybridoma cells screened with Enzym Linked Immonosorbent Assay (ELISA) Method. Cloning of selective high absorbanc wells achieved with Limiting Dilution (L.D) Method. The best Clone (Monoclone) was selected by Elisa and approved by Immunoblot. The subclass of the choice mab was determined and the clone freezed in -196 degree liqid nitrogen. The results showed that final production of three successful fusions were 156 positive wells with high absorbance in reaction with IgE. Fourteen wells with the highest absorbance selected for cloning. Over the 100 well, which produced mabs the G10F7 was the best one which, displayed the high absorbance in reaction with IgE and the lowest cross-reactivity (about negative control) against IgM, IgG and IgA. These results were approved by presence of high density bond in reaction with IgE in Immunobloting. This mab was shown to be IgG1 subclass with kappa light chain.