SPORT MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT
Year:2018 | Volume:7 | Issue:2 (14)|Papers Count:11

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a pattern of research commercialization in sport management research. Methodology: The participants were professors and Ph. D. candidates of sport management in State and Azad universities in Iran including 1050 individuals. 257 individuals were randomly selected as the sample. To accomplish the purposes of this study a survey of 50 questions was used. Sport management experts confirmed its face and content validity, which was established by factor analysis. The questionnaire reliability was established 0. 763 using Cronbach's alpha. To analyse the data, descriptive and inferential statistics including Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, correlation coefficients and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS 21 and AMOS 22 software were used. Result: The results showed that seven factors: strategies of educational and research, infrastructure, networking, personality and culture, researcher capabilities, financial and policies affect the commercialization of sport management research. Conclusion: To commercialize sport management researches, the relationship between sports organizations and sports science faculties should be spread and academic research should be done based on the needs of these organizations. Also some conditions should be provided in sports science faculties in order to add research commercialization to their culture.

Objective: In the following study, the Determination and Ranking of Iran’ s football talent criteria from Iranian trainers of Asian football confederation(AFC) eye sight is analyzed. Methodology: (the following study is of descriptive-analytic type. The dostdari and colleagues’ s (1391) questionnaire which has been confirmed by physical education experts was used to obtain data. The internal validity of the questionnaires was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha method (82. 0). The population of the research was 122 of Iranian trainers of Asian Football Federation Which were intended purpose and the total number. To describe the variables, descriptive statistic method and to test the research hypothesis in meaningful level (p< 0. 05), inferential statistics (Freidman test) was applied. Results: It showed in football talent, in priority, skill-individual technique criteria ( 34 / 5 ), skill-individual tactics (4/93), Anthropometric criteria (3/30), psychological criteria (3/19), physical-motion criterion (2/72) and society criterion (1/43) are considered to be important respectively. In skill-individual technique criterion (ball controlling) (3/68), in skill-individual tactics (Moves without the ball) (4/18), in anthropometric criteria (Stature) (4/84), in psychological criterion (deciding and selecting) (3/82), in physical-motion criteria (speed) (4/12) and sociological criterion (team work motivation) (3/89) are as the most important obtained parameters. Conclusion: Coaches and administrators designing football scouting for talent to find and select talented players pay attention to all the indices; because paying attention to these criteria and sub-criteria multiplies the success of talent plans.

Objective: The Study Dimensions model detemination of particular Brand equity based on components of sports apparel consumer behavior. Methodology: The present research is purposeful and applied in terms of data collection as a descriptive survey research. The population of all consumers of sports apparel brands (Nike, Adidas, Reebok and Puma) was formed in Tehran. Due to the fragmentation of society and the lack of random sampling and available to all consumers, of which 384 questionnaires distributed 300 questionnaires were analyzed. Measuring tools, the questionnaire brand equity Aaker (1991) and consumer behavior Solomon (2013). The PLS algorithm to develop a model to assess the validity and reliability of structures were used. Results: The results showed that the brand loyalty, brand associations, perceived quality and brand awareness greatest impact on consumer behavior components to buy, when to buy and after their purchase. Conclusion: Based on the current research results, treating customers well in a purchase, creates a positive association and attitude in the customers mind. Beside to deliver clothing’ s of high quality to consumers, is to bring a repeat in future sales. The cycles of this treatment systematically effects the consumer's mind to build a brand loyalty in long term.

Objective: The purpose of the research was the analysis of the Iran attendance in 15 Period of the Olympic Games and comparison with other contingents counters. Methodology: Research method was descriptive and type of analytic study. Sample was 15 period of Iran attendance in summer Olympic games and was equal to society. Data gathered from classify and analyzing of articles, reports and resource related to Olympic Games. Also, for analysis data descriptive, inferential statistics and lexicograph method was used. Results: Results showed that Iran attendance in Olympic Games from 1948-2004 gain priority 9 0/0, 4 0/0 and 16 0/0 of distributed medals of Asia, Africa and Central and South America contingents and success percent (medal/attendance number) of Iran in three sport of wrestling, weightlifting and taekwondo was 93 0/0, 80 0/0 and 66 0/0. Iran performance in 16, 19 and 30 period of Olympic Games mutation and among this periods decrees process. Weakest performance of Iran from viewpoint of distrusted medal and efficiency ratio (medal/population) was between 1988 until 1996. Iran in Beijing 2008 Olympic Games had weakest performance and in the world, Asia, Africa and Central and South America contingents in priority was 17, 5, 2 and 1 rank. So, mean rank of Iran in all attendant Olympic Games in priority was 31. 26, 4. 33, 2. 56 and 3. 40 in the world, Asia, Africa and Central and South America contingents. Conclusion: According to Olympic Games distribute table of medal and ratio efficiency and compare to Asia, Africa and Central and South America countries, Iran has high rank and good place.

Objective: The aim of this study was Consider how the internet advertising effects on sport brand equity. Methodology: This is a field study and it is descriptive in nature The population was include customers of sport goods brand of Majid in Tabriz that the sample, because of the unlimited population, is inclusive of 348 people based on random sampling. In order to collecting data, the effect of Internet advertising questionnaire Moqimi (1391) and evaluation of brand equity questionnaire based on Aaker (1991) were used. Regression statistical method was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that Internet advertising effects on factors of brand equity as perceived quality, brand association, brand loyalty and brand awareness has a significant impact. Conclusion: Managers of companies to promote sport good brand equity should initially identify strengths and weaknesses in their organizations and advertising programs use the Internet as an effective means of communication and advertising.

Objective: the aim of this study was to Evaluate the relationship marketing tactics of Iranian soccer league Methodology: according to the purpose, Adjusted relationship marketing components scale developed by Ehsani and Ezadi (2011), provided to 366 members of the supporters club Esteghlal Tehran that according to The sample size formula and Who were randomly selected. The questionnaire was based on the norms set for a Likert scale of 5 points to making it slightly used. Validity and reliability of the instrument by experts in the pilot study with the Alpha 0/92 respectively. For data analysis also oneway-anova variance, one sample t-test and Spearman and pearson Correlation significant 0/05 by spss20, systat13 and lisrel8. 50was used. Results: Results indicate that; between Subscales Knowledge Management, Quality of Service, Satisfaction, trust, commitment, quantity consumed, Interpreting advertisement and finally pursuit of media according to the membership of the Association was significant difference(p<0/05) and also between subscales of relationship marketing tactics according to annual watching matches Except satisfaction and trust was no significant difference(p<0/05). Conclusion: In general the results indicate the status of the Marketing tactics, points of strength and weakness in this regard and so presenting suitable strategies and operational, on The identification of the Iranian Football League clubs Especially Esteghlal Tehran and their supporters in the development of effective advocacy.

Objective: Internal branding is a new concept to consider the impact of employees to create a better brand image in the minds of customers. This study aims to investigate the effects of internal branding on the behavior of the employees in the organization. Methodology: This study was descriptive-survey one. The sample in this study consisted of 221 employees of the famous clubs in cities; Tehran, Isfahan, Tabriz, Shiraz and Mashhad. The data was collected through consulted directly and self-report procedure by a researcher-conducted questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha coefficient 87/0) which scaled with a five-point Likert from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Amos Graphic software was used for analyzing Data. Results: The results of the path analyses coefficients and the results of the correlation matrix of variables showed positive and significant relationship among variables. So the effect of internal branding on employees’ brand oriented behavior, sense of brand belonging, brand commitment and brand loyalty was verified. Conclusion: According to the result, internal branding of clubs and other sports organizations can have a significant impact on employees' perceptions of the organization and its brand, help to get successful service to customers and improve brand Image in the mind of the customers.

Objective: By studying the gap between expectations and perceptions of students from services, we can provide the base for developing appropriate programs for the improvement of services. The purpose of this study was to investigate the service quality of Faculty of Physical Education, University of Guilan from the perspective of postgraduate students. Methodology: This study was descriptive and the statistical population was all postgraduate students of Guilan University, 108 students were randomly selected to participate in the study and respond to the SERVQUAL questionnaire. These questionnaires have three parts including quality of education, research and sport facilities with a Likert scale of 7 (strongly disagree=1 to strongly agree = 7), which evaluate the five dimensions of the services quality (visual elements, reliability, responsiveness, confidence and empathy) in both the perceptions and expectations sections. The visual justifiability tool was confirmed by experts and its reliability was calculated using internal correlation coefficient in a pilot study. Results: The results of data analysis using the Wilcoxon and Friedman Rankings showed that students' perceptions rating of services quality (current situation) was significantly lower than their expectations in all aspects of services quality including education research and sport facilities of the Faculty of Physical Education, University of Guilan, and in other words there was a negative gap in the research section for all dimensions except responsiveness (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Since there was a negative gap in all aspects of the offered services quality, it is suggested that the school administrators and officials could reduce or eliminate the gap by creating formal and informal canals with students. In other hand, right features of meeting students’ expectations as well as improving physical environment, places and education, research and service facilities to reduce the dimensions gap.

Objective: Quality and quantity of sport industry in countries depended on the size and scope produce and consumption. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between demographic characteristics on consumers buying decision in sporting goods according to the Sproles and Kendall model in Tabriz. Methodology: Research method is descriptive and the population of the survey is the consumers of sporting goods in Tabriz, Which 385 consumer and according to Cochran Formula was selected as sample. The data and information was collected by the modified Consumer Style questionnaire with acceptable validity and reliability with used of factor analyses. Then used to Factor Analyses, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, U Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis Test at α ≤ 0. 05. Results: The results showed that Internet advertising effects on factors of brand equity as perceived quality, brand association, brand loyalty and brand awareness has a significant impact. Conclusion: The results showed that the Novelty and fashion consciousness was the most effective style. The males have more tendency to Novelty than Females and the consumers with high total income is more Novelty and who have high personal income was Perfectionist. There were no relationship between education, age and Sporting or not sporting and decision-making styles.

Objective: The purpose of this research was an identification of obstacles to develoment of women's championship football in Iran. Methodology: This study is a descriptive-survey that do it survey form. Measuring tool of research is a 9 dimnesions questionnaire Debosscher elite sport development and developed by interview and research Foundations. In interview section, Statistical population was national coaches, national players and woman Expert referees and national players that interview lasted until Achieving Saturated. In questionnare section, population was included coaches (n=22), Supervisors (n=22), referees (n=22) that samples was equal to population. And players of women's football super league (n=150). Method of sampling was Purposive sampling. Overally, 152 people as statistical sampling selected in this research. Data analysed by using SPSS software (ver: 22) to KS statistical tests and Friedman. factor analysis did with Amos 21. Results: Results showed that among nine dimensionals of management levels, sport facilities was the most importamt obstcle with 0. 895 factor loads and financial support was the least important with 0. 464 factor load barriers in women's championship football development. Conclusion: regarding to this current results, the most inportant obstcle of womens’ championship football was sport facility. According to women's sport is at the beginning of the path of development. Therfore in the current situation requires to the development of sports facilities and equipment. Although, other dimensionals are as development obstcles of womens championship football with significant important. but descision makers should pay more attention to development of womens championship football based on this this research.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the needs of players in Premier League of football based on Kano model in 1394. Methodology: According to Gestalt elements, Kano questionnaire with 28 features were distributed Among 239 participants were selected randomly for this research. Excel software and statistical method of weighted mean was used to Analysis. Results: Use of experienced and professional of up to date coaches, financial obligations required by the club in due time Identify as basic needs. Require to insurance coverage at injuries, held training camp regularly, and placed in the category of Performance needs. The need of players in the clubs consist of obtaining the necessary conditions to enter to team was evaluate as Excitement needs from the of Premier League players. Conclusion: Club managers by addressing the basic and performance needs and move to the Excitement needs can be make loyalty in the players.