PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES
Year:2008 | Volume:3 | Issue:4|Papers Count:9

The purpose of present research was a comparison of mental disorders in girl students according to their childhood rearing practices. 120 girl students in 2nd grade of high school in jiroft selected by cluster sampling method. Mental disorders measured by SCl 90 and childrearing practices measured by Shifer questionnaire. Anova and Sheffe then applied. The results indicated in scales such as depression, obsesion - compulsion, psychosis, somatization and interpersonal sensitivity students with high level of these disorders have neglecting and authoritian parents. Further more no significant differences were found between groups in anxiety, hostility and paranoid ideation.

This study investigated the impact of assertive training on happiness and academic achievement of high-school girls. The sample was 30 2nd - grade high - school girls which were selected randomly and they were in the field of Natural sciences. The samples were placed in experimental and control groups. Gambrill and Richy s Assertiveness Questionnaire (GRAQ) (1975), and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OH, 1989), and two math tests were used. The study had five phases; namely, the pilot, the pre - test, the training, the post-test and the follow-up. Data was analyzed using SPSS software and t-test for independent groups. The results showed a significant difference on happiness in pre - and post - test and follow - up for the experimental group. In addition, assertiveness training improved math scores in post - test versus pre-test for the experimental group, although the difference was not significant. However, in the follow - up, a significant difference in math scores emerged. Therefore, it seems that the intervention in this research has been effective for this sample.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the qualitative role of family function and structure in risk taking behavior of adolescents.The sample was 20 high school students in Zahedan, Iran that they were chosen by a purposive method, 10 girls and boys had severe risk taking behavior and 10 girl and boy students with slight risk taking behavior. The economic status was studied as an effective variable. The structured interview was used for gathering data about “risk taking behavior”, “family function” and “family structure”.The results showed differences about “family function” and “family structure” between students with severe risk taking behavior and slight risk taking behaviors.These results also, indicated that the intimacy and warmth for girls and the effective control for boys were important protective factors.

Concept of God has often been considered crucial in the development and forms of individual's personal faith and, therefore has been studied more than any other religious concept during the past few decades. investigators of God concepts among children have concentrated on children’s age differences, And focusing mainly on the role of cognitive development in God.The purpose of this study was to investigate predictive power of child perception from parents and child demographic characteristics on child perception of God. 3 Osgood measure included 21 item was administered on a sample 123 elementry school students in Shiraz.The result showd that: mother’’s femininity had predictive power of child concept of god’s femininity and father’s masculinity had predictive power of child concept of god’s masculinity.

Children’s Self-efficacy for Peer Interaction scale was completed by a sample of 369 junior high school students (186 female and 183 male) to investigate their perceived self-efficacy in social interactions. Results revealed that the scale had good psychometric properties for use in Iranian Students. Alpha reliability coefficients were 0.87, 0.83 and 0.78 for whole scale, Conflict and No conflict subscales respectively. Boys scored significantly higher than girls on whole scale (t= 6.47, p< .0001). No significant gender differences was found on conflict situations subscale (t= 1.63, N.S). In no conflict situations boys reported more self- efficacy (t=8.68, P< 0.007). In addition, to analyzing class differences, findings of the present study are discussed in the light of related literature and suggestions for further research were set forth.

One of the most prevalent mental disorders among the HIV-positive patients is depression, and researches have indicated that cognitive group therapy is rather efficient among the depressed patients in hospital and out-patient. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of this method on the reduction of depression, among the male HIV+ patients. The patients were listed randomly in the groups of experimental and control. Before the interfering the BDI was administered to assess the degree of their depression. The experimental group participated in 10 sessions of cognitive group therapy, but no interfering cure was seen among the control group. The two groups were assessed by the mention test after the interfering finished. These data were analyzed by use of the statistical test of dependent T-test and independent T-test. The results showed that the cognitive group therapy was meaningfully effective on the reduction of depression among male HIV positive patients (p<0/001).

Background: The relationship between locus of control and coping strategies is substantially influenced by how a person apprsises it and reacts to it. The recognition of effective factors on reactions to stressful events, have a substantial role in the management and control of stress, and always had been a substantial issues in studies connected to coping behaviorology. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the difference between individuals with internal and external locus of control, for coping strategies in stressful situations. Method: This study was conducted with survey and cross-sectional method. Data were collected from 373 students of Yazd University, from seven educational groups, between 22 June and 22 July 2006. These Students were selected via sampling. Students then were responded to Standardized Scales: Coping Strategies Scale (CSS) and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale(MHLCS). Results: The results showed significant difference among students with internal and external locus of control, in regard to coping strategies, in generally, and in regard to components of coping strategies: seeking social support, reappraisal/adjustment, avoidance coping, problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, active coping, and self-control, specially. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that the locus of control variable explained for %16.8 of the variance in coping strategies. Discussion: The results of this study have been doubted the previous findings about higher use of problemsolving coping strategies by individuals with internal locus of control, and about the higher use of emotion-focused coping strategies by individuals with internal locus of control.