JOURNAL OF RAFSANJAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND HEALTH SERVICES
Year:2019 | Volume:18 | Issue:6 |Papers Count:10

Background and Objectives: Since infectious microbial diseases belong to the most common sicknesses in the world, it is necessary to discover and explore new antibacterial materials. Mentha Piperita Lamiaceae is one of the most consumed medicinal plants in the world; having outstanding antimicrobial, pesticide, antiparasitic, antifungal and therapeutic properties. Therefore, aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Mentha piperita essential oil nanoemulsions against gram-negative bacteria of E. coli. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory study, Mentha piperita essential oil and tween 80 were mixed by ultrasonification. Then parameters of surfactant concentration, essential oil percentage, and sonication time were studied. The size of nanoemulsion formulations were then analyzed by dynamic light scattering. The antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria, i. e. E. coli was studied using 2 different quantitative and qualitative methods of Colony Forming Unit (CFU) and Disc Diffusion Method (DDM), respectively. The results were reported as mean ± standard deviation. Results: The nanoemulsion formulations were obtained in the concentration ranges of 1 to 5 percent Mentha piperita essential oil with the mean droplets size of about 12 nm and antibacterial activity of quantitative method of around 75 percent (based on CFU) and qualitative method of 3. 12 mm inhibitory zone diameter around the disc (based on DDM) against gram-negative bacteria of E. coli. Conclusion: The nanoemulsion system was appropriately stable and showed high antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria, i. e. E. coli, in which with increasing essential oil concentration, a significant increase in antibacterial activity was observed. Therefore, it seems that synthesized nanoemulsion formulations have remarkable antibacterial activity with nano-scale properties.

Background and Objectives: The entry of textile mills’ wastewater into the environment causes severe disruption to aquatic environments. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the performance of processes of UV/ S2O8 and UV/H2O2 in removal of Uranine dye from aqueous solutions. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory study, in a batch reactor, the efficiency of UV/S2O8 and UV/H2O2 photocatalytic methods in removing the dyes of Uranine from aqueous solutions was investigated. In this study, a UVC low pressure mercury lamp covered by quartz and 150 W was used inside a steel chamber with a high degree of reflection. The pH variables (3-5-7-9 and 11), the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (10-15-20-30 and 50 Mmol/l), the concentration of persulfate (0. 1-0. 5-1-1. 5 and 2 Mmol/l) and primary dye concentrations (10-25-50-75 and 100 mg/l) were optimized. Results: The highest removal efficiency (100%) was attained by UV/S2O8 process under the optimized conditions as follows: pH 3, persulfate concentration 2 Mmol / L, Uranine concentration 10 mg/L and contact time of 5 min, but, by UV/H2O2 process the same amount of dye was removed in the optimal conditions of pH = 3, the hydrogen peroxide concentration 20 Mmol / L, Uranine concentration 10 mg/L and contact time of 2. 5 min. Conclusion: According to the results, the methods used to remove the mentioned paint in the wastewater have a 100% efficiency. Also, the catalyst concentration and reaction time variables have a more effective role in the removal efficiency than the other parameters.

Background and Objectives: One of the annoying side effects of spinal anesthesia in cesarean section surgery is the post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) which occurs 2 to 5 days after the surgery. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of bilateral occipital nerve block (GONB) in the treatment of PDPH after cesarean section surgery. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 74 pregnant women who underwent cesarean section with spinal anesthesia in 2017 and referred to Rafsanjan Pain Clinic with PDPH, were randomly assigned into two groups of 37. In the first group, GONB treatment was done by bupivacaine and dexamethasone and the second group received oral drug treatment with acetaminophen and pregabalin. Patients in either group were evaluated for headache severity before intervention, 1, 6 and 24 hours after intervention. Data was analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The results of the statistical test showed that the interaction effect of the type of treatment and the time of the evaluation of the headache was statistically significant (F=130. 912, p<0. 001). This means that the rate of headache reduction during the study period was significantly higher in the GONB group than in the oral treatment ones. Conclusion: According to the results, despite the effectiveness of both therapies, the effect of GONB on reducing headache severity was greater than that of medication. It seems that GONB can be used as an effective alternative to PDPH treatment.

Background and Objectives: Demoralization syndrome causes loss of meaning in life, hopelessness, and sense of failure. On the other hand, understanding religious coping can affect the communication and presentation ways of religious strategies in patients with cancer. It seems that the posttraumatic growth contributes to a person's psychological adjustment to cancer. Therefore, the aim of current study was the prediction of posttraumatic growth on the base of demoralization syndrome and religious coping among cancer patients. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, based on the criteria for entering the study and by using convenient sampling, 167 patients referred to Reza Radiotherapy and Oncology Center in Mashhad, filled the research materials in 2018. Data were collected by a demographic questionnaire, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Demoralization Syndrome Scale (DS) and the Brief Religious Coping Questionnaire (RCOPE) and analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis using the stepwise method. Results: There was a significant negative relationship between components of dysphoria (r=-0. 306, p= 0. 001), disheartenment (r=-0. 296, p= 0. 001) and sense of failure (r=-0. 251, p= 0. 001) and posttraumatic growth and there was a significant positive relationship between positive religious coping (r= 0. 215, p= 0. 005) and posttraumatic growth. Also, multiple linear regression results showed that totally 21 percent variance of posttraumatic growth was explained by predictive variables. Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that the prevention of demoralization syndrome, and using positive religious coping strategies as effective ways can help to increase posttraumatic growth in cancer patients.

Background and Objectives: Clients’ satisfaction regarding health-care services is one of the indicators of measuring the quality of services provided; therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the satisfaction rate of clients referred to the healthcare centers. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 385 people referring to healthcare centers in Rafsanjan in 2017. To collect data, a checklist includes demographic and proprietary information was used. The final analysis of data was performed using Chi-square and one-way ANOVA tests at a significant level of 0. 05. Results: The results showed that of 385 people, 335 people (87%) were female and 50 (13%) were male. Also, 77. 4% of the clients were very satisfied with the services provided in health centers and 19. 7% of them were highly satisfied. After controlling for the confounding effect of level of education variable, no statistically significant difference was observed between the private, urban-governmental and rural centers in terms of satisfaction score (p>0. 05). Conclusion: Overall, clients had high level of satisfaction with health care centers in Rafsanjan. Investigation of clients' satisfaction rate with healthcare centers will be helpful in promoting planners' and managers' level of awareness about the status of provision of health services and the application of methods to address deficiencies.

Anthropometry is known as the science of measuring various parts of the human, and its application is to identify individual differences including race, age, and gender. The use of anthropometry is instrumental in medical science and clarifies the relationship between different parts of the body with identifying an individual, as well as identifying congenital disorders. For this purpose, this article aimed to explain the importance and application of anthropometry in medical science and related industries. Previous studies showed the application of anthropometry in various fields, including forensic medicine, identification, cosmetic surgery, industrial design, clothing design, ergonomics and architecture. In the case of having an adequate database of anthropometric measurements, the standard dimensions for each population can be defined, so that dead bodies can easily be identified. Proper ergonomic design of the workplace increases the employee's job satisfaction, and significantly reduces musculoskeletal discomfort and work-related injuries. Paying attention to body dimensions in the form of anthropometry will make better design of office supplies and clothing for individuals that will ensure the performance and health of the individual. Also, anthropometry can be used in various fields of medicine, including forensic medicine and the diagnosis of congenital anomalies and acquired problems.

Background and Objectives: Idiopathic scoliosis is one of the most common abnormalities in adolescents which can result in impaired postural and motor control. Therefore, the present study compared the postural and motor control in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, out of 79 patients referred to Tehran Rehabilitation Center of Red Crescent in 2018, 57 patients with scoliosis and 22 healthy subjects were selected through purposive sampling, and the postural control and motor control variables were measured using a posturography device. Independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze data. Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference between postural control and motor control variables in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and healthy subjects (p<0. 05). Conclusion: According to the results, it probably seems that idiopathic scoliosis cannot significantly alter the postural and motor control of adolescents.