Journal of Research in Educational Systems
Year:2007 | Volume:1 | Issue:1|Papers Count:7

Many teachers have been introduced to the application of constructional philosophy in teaching during the past two decades; many have replaced traditional teaching methods with the new methods resulting from the application of constructional philosophy in teaching. Nowadays, in the post behaviorism and post-developmental psychology era, the necessity for applying constructional philosophy to education is widely accepted and understood. Yet, the implication and the use of constructional philosophy for teaching and learning different subjects, has its own problems, disorders and ambiguities. The cases in use for constructivism have not been clear enough for teachers and experts to understand their meaning in relation to teaching and learning.In this article, innate orientation for learning could be considered as a more vivid, more complete, and more evident alternative for constructivism. It is claimed that this theory, far from disadvantages of constructivism, could take the innate capacity of learners as an incentive for all educational efforts including the learning of different subjects and curriculum branches, and deepen the effects of education.This article with a short introduction provides a background for the innate oriented model of teaching as a substitute for teacher- and content-oriented teaching practices. It introduces and lists critical features discovered based on some related theoretical fields. To operationalize the listed features, it introduces four families of models of teaching and paves the way for their use. To clarify the feasibility of the introduced method for use in teaching and its evolutionary role in education, a few samples of research carried out at different educational levels are explained. These research projects focus on a study of of 3rd and 4th grade science teachings at the elementary level, 5thgrade geography lessons teaching, English and Arabic lessons teaching at the 1st grade of guidance school, and teaching reading and writing at the 1st grade of elementary school. The article ends with some suggestions and recommendations.Applied results of the introduced method in this document are listed using certain statistical evidences, which include: the effect of more than two standard deviations or a difference of more than 80% in grades obtained compared to those of the control groups. These results support the explained model of teaching and ensure its success in practice. We, therefore, desire students' full individual development based on their innate abilities and educational cognition in classrooms where the innate model of teaching is put into practice.

This article is an attempt to study influential factors in the acceptance of IT by teachers working at smart schools in Tehran. The methodology adopted in this research study is structural equations' modeling and its sample group includes all teachers active in Tehran's smart schools, summing up to 149 individuals. These individuals underwent a census for this research. The tool used for data collection was a twenty-five-questioned questionnaire, prepared on the bases of findings of previous research. The validity and reliability of the adopted tool was determined. By means of factor analysis and Cronbach's a, resulting in the amount of 0.813 for a, indicating the reliability of the tool applied. The amounts obtained for PGFI, AGFI, GFI and RMSEA were 0.77, 0.93, 0.94 and 0.004 respectively, indicating the validity of the tool applied. Data analysis was conducted by means of the LISREL software, leading to the following results: 1- The variable related to "the mental conception of ease in the application of IT" has a meaningful effect on the variable related to "the mental conception of the usefulness of IT" as well as an individual's attitude to IT;2- The variable related to ''the mental conception of the usefulness of IT" has a meaningful effect on the variable related to "the decision made for using IT"; and3- The variable related to "the decision made for using IT" has a meaningful effect on the variable related to "using IT".

Preparation and compilation of a project for development of educational affairs is considered as one of the functions of educational management. Research works for educational affairs, educational development planning and educational management will all provide necessary conditions for the achievement of desirable educational systems. In order to achieve a desirable condition in any educational system, whether micro or macro, the following are required:A) Educational research and evaluation should be conducted in related fields.B) An educational development plan should be put into action.C) Educational management should be enforced.The main objective of this study is the evaluation of educational projects concerning basic and clinical sciences aimed at promoting and upgrading the quality of education in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The employed method is descriptive and analytical since it makes use of enquiries collected from 7 faculties in Tehran university of Medical Sciences. The basis of the results obtained was 458 graduates who had filled out our enquiry forms. (SPSS, 9 and 10) software was used for analyzing the data and (HG- 3 and 9) Harvard Graphic was used for drawing the diagrams.The findings of the research have shown that 71% of the graduates expressed satisfaction about educational programs in their university while the remaining lot complained about additional and non-related courses imposed on them, university lecturers' inattentive behaviour towards students, lack of laboratory facilities, lack of an appropriate educational environment, defects of internship courses and finally welfare problems.It is, therefore, concluded that making use of evaluation for educational planning and educational activities prove the necessity for those dealing with educational programs to put necessary efforts into the implementation of educational programs, as well as in making use of potential resources in order to achieve desirable quality in any educational system.

Higher education, owing to its role in educating expert human resources and producing knowledge, is important in expediting the development process in various countries. The role of quality evaluation in higher education is undeniable in the different stages of the implementation of the university development plan. National and international experiment shows that the internal evaluation process, especially in the Education Department, is an effective mechanism of the University's quality assurance process.The objectives of this research include: 1) determining quality factors in the Faculty of Chemical Medicine, and 2) determining points of strength and weakness, opportunities and threats in order to improve the quality of activities undertaken in the department under study.In this evaluation, nine important factors are taken into account. These include: 1-missions statement and goals; 2-managerial and organizational structure; 3- faculty members; 4-students; 5-training and learning process; 6-educational course and curriculum; 7-graduate students; 8-educational and research facilities and equipment; 9-research.In addition to the above, 61 criteria and 172 indicators were also studied. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and SPSS software tools.: The nine above-mentioned factors were scored as follows:Missions statement and goals 2.15; management and organizational structure 2.81; faculty board members 3.33; students 2.98; training and learning process 2.39; educational course and curriculum 3.51; graduate students 3.22; educational and research facilities and equipment 3.51; and research 2.54. An analysis of the findings of this research study led to the understanding that the Faculty of Chemical Medicine enjoyed a rather good status. The importance of this evaluation is that it sets the ground for further evaluations through enabling comparisons of the Faculty with like faculties at international universities.

In this research, an effort has been made to design a management development model for middle-level managers at the Research Institute of Petroleum Industry of Iran. A literature-based theoretical model was developed and used to answer the two following research questions1. What is the current situation of middle managers in terms of their development at RIPI?2. What development program is needed to improve their current situation?A total of 151high, middle and lower level managers at RIPI (10 as head of research centers, 80 as directors of research units, and 62 as directors of research projects) were surveyed. For collecting data, a questionnaire was used to assess the current competencies of middle level managers at RIPI in six areas, including: (1) management roles, (2) management skills, (3) management abilities, (4) personal traits, (5) philosophical thinking and (6) management knowledge.The findings indicate that although the current development and training efforts of middle-level managers at RIPI is somewhat satisfactory, measures need to be taken for further improvement of the situation To end the article, based on conclusions derived from research findings, a development and training model for RIPI middle-level managers is introduced and some approaches are presented for improving middle-level managers' managerial skills and abilities.

In this article, organizational communication in Ilam University has been studied from a methodological, trends- and skills-based point of view. The study has been based on analyzing organizational communication using expert opinions and views in the field of organizational communication. This research intends to respond to the three following major questions: 1) Level of staff satisfaction of the conditions of organizational communication in their university. 2) the most effective type of organizational communication for universities. And 3) the type of organizational communication considered most important and effective by Ilam University staff. The study population for this research study includes all the staff, managers and faculty members of Ilam University. The data-gathering instrument was a questionnaire prepared by the researchers themselves. Reliability of this questionnaire is approved by achieving 85% for the Combach's alpha parameter, and its validity has been determined through applying ideas of competent persons, on this subject, to necessary modifications in order to gain their confirmation. Data description for this research has been prepared by means of descriptive statistics. Results illustrate that the staff of Ilam University are somehow satisfied with the organizational communication conditions in their university. They think that the most effective type of organizational communication is written communication. Data analysis renders the necessity for managers and decision makers of the University to make fundamental changes in the conditions of organizational communication of the university and to develop required skills.

It is true that the place and the expectations from Higher Education have changed from those in a few decades ago. To some extent this can be related to the fact that today Higher Education provides both opportunities and challenges, depending on priorities, policies, resources and other factors dominant in different countries.Viewed from a critical perspective, the most important challenges, especially for the developing countries, lie in the challenge to guarantee quality, to assure equity of access to Higher Education, to prove the relevance of Higher Education programmers regarding the needs of the society (Industry etc), to preserve national culture and identity, and to ensure that governments set national policy objectives for Higher Education. Putting these in other words, the importance of Higher Education is highly dependent on its "Internal Factors"(Quality, Quantity, Equity, and Relevance), and "External Factors" (University, Industry, and Government relations). These parameters are discussed in the paper.