KNOWLEDGE & RESEARCH IN APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
Year:2007 | Volume:9 | Issue:32|Papers Count:10

The main purpose of this research was to determine the effect of cognitive – behavioral group training method on the stress in patients with multiple sclerosis. The subsidiary purpose of the was to determine the effect of demographic characteristics of the subjects on the patients’ stress scores. For this purpose, 60 patients belonging to Isfahan M.S Society were randomly selected. Among these, those who had the highest stress scores were chosen and divided into two 15 subject groups. The experimental group receiving the cognitive– behavioral group training method in 9 weekly sessions and control group which did not receive any intervention. Cooper’s stress signs inventory (1983) and a researcher–developed inventory determining the common stressful factors in MS patients were used. Both of these inventories were used in two stages, namely, pretest and posttest for collecting the data for both groups. The results of covariance analysis in Cooper’s inventory showed a significant reduction in the experimental group stress as compared with the control group (p<0.005). But the results of covariance analysis did not show any significant difference in the reduction intensity of stressful factors in both groups in common stressful factors inventory. The findings also showed that demographic characteristics in both testes have not had any significant effect on the adjustment of subjects' stress scores.

The aim of this study was to investigate Preventive Training for HighRisk Relations (PTHR) in male students and its effects on student's attitudes toward girls boys' relation in Shahin-shahr's high schools in 1385-1386. Therefore, in one pre-experimental design with pretest, posttest & follow-up with experimental & control group, four classes in three schools selected by cluster randomization method and pointed as experimental and control groups. The experimental group received (PTHR) intervention in six sessions–per session 75 minute and one session per week, but control group did not take this plan. The objects examined with a researcher-designed questionnaire of "Attitude Toward girl-boy's Relations" that contained 41 Items and a five division subscale. The results of multivariate Analysis showed that this intervention improved the attitude of boy students in the domain of "social problems", "future marriage problems" and "educational problems" at posttest and follow up (P<0.05). Plus that (PTHR) modified student's attitudes in "pathological family relations" and "psycho-emotional problems" in posttest, but these results were not significant in follow up.

The aim of this study is the scale construction for evaluating type D personality and a study of its relationship to the coronary heart disease. The population of the study includes all the students and staff of the Islamic Azad University, in Esfahan province and the patients with coronary heart disease who consulted heart specialists. The sample of the study includes 870 normal people and 174 patients with heart diseases who were selected randomly in certain steps. In order to check the validity of the construction of the primary questionnaire, the statistical factor analysis method was used, and for the research hypothesis the U Mann Whitney test was used. To check the reliability of simultaneity of the primary D scale form, the questionnaire of Denollet type D personality, and General Health questionnaire, Glass Negative thought under scale of social interaction, and Ahwaz type A personality in are used. Coefficient correlation of simultaneous performance and above questionnaire are in ordered as follows 95,55,52.and 38 (P<0.001). In order to examine the reliability of the constructed scale the methods of Cronbach Alpha, test-retest and split-halves are used. The coefficients obtained via above methods are ordered as follows 85,92 and 74 (P<0.001). The results of interactive analysis together with the methods of main items and turning round of varimax were five factors. which are accordingly named depression, anxiety, anger and offensiveness as under scale of negative excitements and social limitation and verbal preventions as under scale of social inhibition. The amounts of value scale of 22 questions were about 14,06 KMO which shows the sufficiency of sampling is.85 and Bartlett´s test of sphericity was 1381,59 (P<0.001). The results of the study of the relationship between type D personality and coronary heart disease shows that U Mann Whitney equals z =5.85 (P<0.001). Therefore, the differences between the scores of normal people and patient with heart disease were meaning ful.

The main purpose of this study was to compare performance of children with nonverbal learning disabilities (NLD) and those with verbal learning disabilities (VLD) on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children- Revised (WISC-R), the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test and the Iranian Key Math. The sample of the study (118 boys & girls) was selected from a group of students referred to the Learning Disability Center in Shiraz. Two different groups of students with NLD and VLD were selected the verbal- performance IQ difference on the (WISC-R) and based on their scores on the Pupil Rating Scale: Screening for learning disabilities (Mykelbust, 1971). Fifty two students 6 to 11 years old were selected, 23 students were diagnosed as having nonverbal learning disabilities and 29 students were diagnosed as having verbal learning disabilities. Later, the Key Math and the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test was administered to both groups in a counter balance order and the results were compared using t-test's with Bonferroni correction .The results revealed that the NLD group scored significantly higher than the VLD group in Information, Similarities and Vocabulary of the WISC-R and the VLD group scored significantly higher than the NLD group in Picture Completion, Picture Arrangement, Block Design, Object Assembly and Math of the WISC-R, the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test standard score and the Key Math standard scores. The results revealed that that student standard score profile of the WISC-R, the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test standard score and the Key Math standard score can be the used in diagnosis of the two groups of students with learning disabilities.

The purpose of this study was to compare the most important factors in accordance to common and expert people’s opinions. The sample consists of 534 people selected from general population and 64 experts selected from advertising specialists. the subjects were given researcher constructed inventory .The inventory was 52-items inventory about various advertising factors. Factor Analysis, Chi Square and Independent samples Test were used to Analyse the data. Findings showed that in common peoples’ opinions in Network TV, Animation, Package, Color, Creativity, Safty Appeal, Association, Quality, Background, Price, Accent, Creative Message have more effectively than others (p<0.05). Compression of common people and expert’s opinions about advertising factors indicated that there were difference between people and specialists attitude toward the most important advertising factors regarding: Billboard (P<0.01), Animation, Color, Rewards, Warranty, Women and Child Image, Safty Appeal, Price, Benefit, Accent, Proverb, Message (P<0.01). The results suggest that some effective factors consider by advertising specialists differ from the factors affecting people actually. So attention to the actual factors introduced by common people can make the advertising procedures to be improved.

This research administered with the aim of investigate relation between overweight in self–referred woman to weight decrease centers with self– esteem, depression, life style and body–self in Isfahan city. For reach to research aims, in spring mounts of 1385 year, 100 persons of self– referred woman to decrease or control weight centers (from three private doctor's office) selected with the use of simple random sampling. The questionnaires which used in this research were: Cooper Smit's self esteem questionnaire, Tam Cash's body–self questionnaire, Beck s depression questionnaire and life style questionnaire. The overweight measured with using difference between ideal weight and current weight (that is, the time of refer to decrease weight center). The cronbach’s alpha for the research instruments were 0.69 (for self – esteem), 0.83 (for depression), 0.78 (for life style) and 0.75 (for body–self) respectively. The data analyzed with using Pearson's correlation coefficient, enter and stepwise regression analysis. The results of data analysis revealed that overweight only have significant relation with depression (r=0.294, P<0.01), with subjective weight (r=0.645, P<0.01) and with appearance evaluation (r=0.335, P<0.01). In enter regression, subjective weight and fitness orientation (two subscale of body–self questionnaire) have significant predictive power for prediction of overweight and stepwise regression analysis showed that subjective weight, fitness orientation and appearance evaluation, respectively have significant predictive power for prediction of overweight.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between challenge and Hindrance stress, burnout, motivation to learn, with academic performance. The sample consisted of 300 Ahwaz Islamic Azad University Students selected randomly from the students populationsal at ahwaz Islamic Azad University. The measurements were Stress scale, Motivation orientations scale, Burnout scale, and mean scores of students. In addition, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and pearson correlation) and factor and path analysis were used. This study consisted of one main hypothesis and accessory hypotheses. The main hypotheses was the causal relationship between challenge and hindrance stress, burnout and motivation to learn with academic performance. our finding confirmed the main and accessory hypotheses, also direct and indirect paths challenge stress to burnout and motivation to learn, from hindrance stress to burnout and motivation to learn, from challenge stress to academic performance, hindrance stress to academic performance was meaningful.

This research Under the title of "Comparrison of personality factors of homosex parenthless university students with parent have students of Ahwaz Islamic Azad University”. Purpose has been to examine the following hypothesis: There is relation between personality factors of motherless girls with mother have students. There is relation between personality factors of fatherless boys with father have boy students. In this research, the sample value hypothesis exam was 400 person which have been chosen stratifiled randomly amoung students of Ahwaz Islamic Azad University. The short form of IPIP-NEO has been used for the testing of the hypothesis. A analysis of varians has shown tha, There is relation between personality factors of fatherless boys and father have boy student. There is relation between personality factors of motherless girls and mother have girl students. all of hypothesis are in α<0.05 meaningful level. With attention to mean motherless girls are more agreeable than mother have and fatherless boys are more agreable and (conscientious) than father have.