KNOWLEDGE & RESEARCH IN APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
Year:2013 | Volume:14 | Issue:1 (51)|Papers Count:15

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence training on enhancing primary girl school students emotional intelligence. The research method was experimental (two groups with per- test and post– test) and the statistical population consisted of all primary girl school students in Hamedan, from whom 56 students were selected randomly by multi-stage sampling and then were assigned to experimental group (n=26) and control group (n=30). All students in the experimental and the control groups were asked to complete two researchers made emotional intelligence scales. Then, the experimental group participated in 10 sessions of emotional intelligence training, based on theoretical model of Glman (1995), over a 5 weeks period. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA on SPSS 16 software. Results showed that the two groups of experimental and control were significantly different in general emotional intelligence, intrapersonal skills, interpersonal skill, problem solving ability, stress management and general mood (P<0.01).

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of life skills training on marital and sexual satisfaction of young couples. The research method was quisa -experimental and a two- groups research design (experimental and control) with pre- test and post- test. Statistical population was all couples who referred to a consulting center in Mashhad from whom a convenient sample of 36 couples (72 persons) were selected. The 36 couples were selected based on the four criteria of marital history; education level, age, and psychological health score. Then, couples were randomly assigned to experimental (18 couples) and control (18 couples) groups. Assessment instruments consisted of Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaires (Olson, et al., 1987) and Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (Berg-Cross, 1997). At the pre - test stage, all couples filled the 2 the scales. Then, the experimental group participated in 10-sessions, 3 hours each, training program of life skills and sexual skills, while the control group did not receive any training. At the post - test stage, the two groups answered the 2 scales again. The data were analyzed via using ANCOVA. Results of comparing scores in pre- test and post- test showed that skills training affected sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction, and scores of experimental group improved significantly after receiving skills training compared with their pre-test scores and the control group (P<0.01).

This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the structural model of the relationships between person-job fit with emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Research method was correlation and statistical population was the employees of Dena Tire Company (800 persons). Among them, 300 persons were selected with the use of convenience sampling. Measurement instruments consisted of person-job fit and emotional exhaustion questionnaires (Mulki et al., 2006), job satisfaction questionnaire (Spector, 1985) and organizational commitment questionnaire (Speier & Venkatesh, 2002). Data were analyzed with the use of Pearson’s correlation coefficient, structure equation modeling (SEM) and mediation analysis. Results revealed that there is a negative significant relation between person-job fit and emotional exhaustion (P<0.01), but there are positive significant relationships between person-job fit with job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Also, there were negative significant relations between emotional exhaustion with job satisfaction and organizational commitment (P<0.01). The results of structure equation modeling and mediation analysis showed that emotional exhaustion played the partial mediator role in the relationship between person-job fit with job satisfaction and also job satisfaction played the complete mediator role in the relationship between emotional exhaustion with organizational commitment.

The purpose of the present study was to examine factor structure and psychometrics properties of the Children, s Loneliness Scale among the guidance school students. The research method was correlation (validity and reliability measurement) and the statistical population consisted of guidance school students in the academic year of 2011-2012, in the city of the Tehran, from which a sample of 410 students were selected by cluster random sampling. Measuring instruments were the Children Loneliness Scale (Ashe & Wheeler, 1985) and Self – esteem Scale (Cooper Smith, 1967).To investigate the validity aspect of children loneliness scale, confirmatory factor analysis technique (CFA) was used. There was a negative significant relationship between children loneliness and self- esteem (P<0.01). The results showed that the model parameters were fit. The scale reliability coefficient and internal consistency using Cronbach, s alpha was 0.75. According to the results, the Children Coneliness Scale in the community of the guidance school students in the city of Tehran, has good reliability and validity (P<0.01).

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of training skills in coping with stress on the quality of life of housewives. The research method was semi- experimental (pre-test and pos–test with a control group). Statistical population included housewives in Arak petrochemical company in 2009. A sample of 60 persons was selected through multiple random method and they were assigned to two experimental and control groups randomly, 30 persons each. For the experimental group, 8 sessions of 45 minutes per of coping with stress training skills programme were administered. The research instrument was Life Quality Questionnaire- short form (SF-36 Ware & Sherbourn, 1992). The data were analyzed by applying multiple analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The results showed that coping with stress training skills has a meaningful effect on all subscales of life quality, except physical pain scale (P<0.01).

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences between meta-cognitive learning strategies, perfectionism, and cognitive arousal of the high ranks and other candidates of university entrance examination. Research methodology was ex-post facto and statistical population consisted of mathematics high rank and other candidates of University entrance examination in Tehran. Among these groups 50 candidates were high rank ones and another 50 were other candidates who were selected through objective sampling method and available one, respectively. The measurement instruments included Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI, Weinstein, 1987), Perfectionism Inventory (PI, Hill et al, 2004) and Dissonance Arousal and Reduction Questionnaire (DARQ, Harmon- Jones). The data were analyzed by analyzing multi variance (MANOVA). The results revealed that there was a significant difference between meta-cognitive learning strategies, perfectionism and reduction of cognitive inconsistency among high ranks and other candidates of national university entrance examination (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between cognitive arousal of the two groups.

The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of the theory of mind between deaf and normal children in the ages of 9 to 11. The study method was ex post facto and the statistical population consisted of all 9-11 years old hearing and deaf students in Torbat-e-Jam city. 30 deaf students were selected by simple random sampling and 30 hearing children were selected by cluster random sampling. The measurement tool was a theory of mind questionnaire (Happe, 1994). Validity and reliability of the scale have been confirmed by Arefi (2006, 1386s.c). The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results indicated that in theory of mind ability, while controlling practical intelligence variable, there was a significant difference between deaf and normal students (P<0.01). In other words, deaf students compared with their normal (hearing) counter parts have lower theory of mind ability. Also, the comparison of theory of mind in deaf children who have deaf parents and deaf children who have hearing parents showed that the theory of mind in deaf children with deaf parents was higher than deaf children with hearing parents (P<0.01). Significant differences were found between deaf and normal girls as well as between deaf and normal boys in theory of mind (P<0.01).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between identity styles, happiness and psychological wellbeing in university students.Research method was correlation, and statistical population included all university's dormitory settled students of Kharazmi University in 2010-11 (1389-90s.c.) from whom 545 persons were selected (210 boys and 335 girls) by cluster sampling method. Research instruments consisted of Identity Styles Questionnaire (Berzonsky, 1992), Oxford Happiness Scale (Hills & Argail, 2002) and Psychological Wellbeing Questionnaire (Myers & Dainer, 1993).Data were analyzed by using pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there is significant and positive correlation between normative, informative, commitment identity styles and happiness (P<0.05) and significant and negative correlation between diffusion-avoidant and happiness (P<0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant and positive correlation between informative and commitment identity styles with psychological wellbeing (P<0.01). The results of regression analysis indicated that identity commitment and informative identity style (P<0.05) and identity commitment (P<0.01) could predict happiness, and identity commitment (P<0.01) could predict psychological wellbeing.

The purpose of this study was to compare the styles and defense mechanisms of addict and non addict individuals. The research method was ex-post facto. Statistical population consisted of a group of self- introduced addicts who referred to therapeutic clinics in the Province of Tehran, Iran, and a group of identical but non-addict individuals. A total sample of 200 persons (100 persons from each group was selected by convenience method. The measurement instrument was Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ, Andrews et al., 1993). The data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). Findings of the research showed that addict individuals as compared with non addict individuals have significant differences in immature and neurotic defense styles (P<0.05). Also, results revealed that lack of motivation for treatment in addict individuals is the result of immature defense styles which is a part of their illness.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of religious attitudes, psychological well-being and depression with academic performance in university students. The present research was of correlation type. The statistical population in this research was students in Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch. The sample of research included 200 students (100 girls, 100 boys) who were selected based on stratified random sampling. The measurement instruments consisted of, Religions Belief Inventory (Arian, 1998), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (Dinner et al., 1985), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (Beck, 1978), and student scholastic average as academic performance index. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariable regression analysis were employed. The results revealed that the relationship of religious attitudes, psychological well-being and depression with academic performance is significant (P<0.01). Also, the result of regression analysis showed that religious attitude, psychological well-being and depression are respectively convenient predictors of academic performance.

The aim of this study was to research the reactions of 3-6 year old children to new sibling birth. The research method was survey. Statistical population consisted of all mothers from 10 health centers in the city of Isfahan who had children in the age range of 3-6 and recently have had a new child in the family. From this population, 200 persons were selected randomly. Subjects completed 24 items of a researcher-made questionnaire about reactions of their 3-6 year old children towards new sibling birth. Content validity of the questionnaire was approved by experts. Its reliability was 0.91 by analyzing Cronbach's alpha. The data were analyzed by calculating frequency, frequency percent, and chi square test. The results showed that the most common reactions of children towards new sibling are dependence to mother, aggression and defiant, respectively. Also, there was a significant difference on the 2 reactions of hurting the new born and sleepiness between boys and girls, respectively (P<0.01. and P<0.05). In other words, girls hurt the new baby but boys show reaction with more sleeping mood.

The aim of this research was to compare the five personality components (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness & conscientiousness) among patients with major depression disorder (MDD) and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) with healthy individuals. The research method was ex post facto and the statistical population consisted of two groups of MDD and OCD patients and normal individuals in Tbriz.50 MDD patients and 50 OCD patients were selected by convenient sampling method among the patients that were referred to psychiatric clinics and consulting centers of Tabriz. The control group with 50 people was selected from students and staff in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The research instruments were Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II Beck et al., 2000), Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI, Rochman & Hodjson), and Five Personality Factors Questionnare, Openness (NEO-FFI). Findings revealed significant differences in neuroticism and extraversion between MDD and healthy groups as well as OCD and healthy groups, in agreeableness between MDD and healthy groups as well as between MDD and OCD, and in conscientiousness between MDD and OCD as well as MDD and healthy groups (P<0.01).