Clinical Psychology and Personality
Year:2018 | Volume:15 | Issue:2 (29) |Papers Count:20

The present research had been done with the aim of assessing the impact of … on decreasing of the stress, anxiety, depression, and increasing of self-efficiency in patients who suffers from multiple sclerosis (MS). This semi-experimental research with the design of pre-test post-test and control group was held in Rasht, with a public call for female members of Guilan MS society. Then the volunteers were accidentally divided into experimental and witness groups and did (DASS-21) and (GSE-10) questioners. The experimental group was trained for MBRS for eight sessions of two hours and a half, but the control group had no training. Then they again did the post-tests for (DASS-21) and (GSE-10) questioners. Descriptive and … statistics were used for analyzing the information. In descriptive statistics ANCOVA was used. The results show that, 1. Training with MBRS had a meaningful impact in level of 99% on decreasing stress in MS patients, 2. Training with MBRS had a meaningful impact in level of 95% on decreasing anxiety in MS patients, 3. Training with MBRS had a meaningful impact in level of 95% on increasing self-efficiency in MS patients. All the statistical analysis in this research were done by SPSS software. The findings of this research clearly showed that mindfulness prevents thinking about past and future by keeping the mind focused on present time and helps the patient to manage their emotions and functions and accelerate mental and functional welfare.

The aim of present study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment group therapy on the perfectionism and test anxiety in students. For this purpose, in a quasi-experimental study, 26 female undergraduate students in Islamic Azad Uniuersity of Neyshabur were selected by purposive sampling method and then randomly designed into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy (Hayes, Strosahl & Wilson, 2003), while control group was not in any treatment. The participants completed Test Anxiety Questionnaire (TAQ) and Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (TMPS). Data were analyzed by SPSS22 software, using Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The findings showed that acceptance and commitment group therapy decreases the perfectionism and test anxiety. In sum, result showed that acceptance and commitment group therapy might be an efficient way to decrease perfectionism and test anxiety. Also, therapists can use this therapeutic approach for improving abnormal perfectionism and test anxiety.

Objective: This research was conducted with aim of assessment role of resilience and hardiness in mental health in samples of athletes and non-athletes. Method: This research was done via causal-comparitive sampling 300 men and female including 150 athletes and 150 non-athletes in age of 14-50 who were selected through convenience sampling. The participants' resilience was checked through Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale while their hardiness was measured by Ahvaz Hardiness Inventory meanwhile their mental health was assessed by utelizing General Health Questionnaire. The data were analyzed computing Independent Test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, MANOVA, Multiple Regression. Results: The results showed the resilience, hardiness and mental health There is a significant relationship. Resiliency is also increased hardiness with mental health of athletes and non-athletes were predicting. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the originality and importance of mental toughness and resiliency in predicting mental health of athletes and non-athletes. . Therefore, planning is necessary in order to promote sports culture and its role in society to the importance of sport in promoting mental health indicators is recommended.

Attending to psychological state in patients with epilepsy because of strong influence on Incidence, progression and prognosis and Treatment of this disease is very important. The aim of present study was investigating the Effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on core self-evaluations, psychological well-being and hope in patients with epilepsy. This research was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest and follow-up (1 Month) from October to February in 2016. In this study 30 Patients with epilepsy who attended to Shiraz health centers were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly were assigned in 2 experimental group and control group and Demographic Questionnaire, psychological well-being scale (PWBS), The Miller Hope Scale, Core Self Evaluations Scale (CSES) were administrated as pretest. The MBCT group received 8 sessions of mindfulness based cognitive therapy and the control group received no intervention. At the end, post-test was administrated on two groups and, repeated measure multi-variable was used for data analysis by spss-21 software. The results of the present study indicated that there were significant differences between the experimental groups and control group after administrated MBCT. So that, the mean of core self-evaluations, psychological well-being and hope of experimental group increased (p<0. 001). Considering the result of study that showed mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is effective in increases psychological well-being, hope, core self-evaluations in patients with epilepsy Therefore, In order to improve the positive psychological state in this patients psychological screening be performed and if needed clinical trials and appropriate intervention be considered.

This study was aimed to combine family therapy and play therapy in order to treatment children’ s externalizing problems based on qualitative research and content analysis. Needed information for constructing content, techniques and structure was obtained from two sources. First, by reviewing main perspectives of family therapy and play therapy, basic concepts and component of every perspectives were extracted and similarities between them were gained. Secondly, 10 professionals of family and child, 14 children with externalizing problems and their parents were interviewed about familial factors and intervention considerations. Using information gathered, family play therapy model was constructed in 8 sessions so that whole family participate in first part of each session and parent would be present in second part without children. Content of first part was consist of increasing all member self-differentiation and autonomy and intimacy, correcting improving members interaction, anger management and discipline and content of second part was giving information about child’ s characteristics and needs, skills for better relation with child (verbal, non-verbal, quality time) and creating parent coordination. Main techniques of family play therapy were reflection of emotions and behaviors, game, activity and drama, questioning, relabeling, tracing. Games and activities for each session are introduced and finally the basis of eclecticism were discussed in following.

Introduction: One of the important aspects of human development, his socialization process. The inherent necessity of social life in humans can make contact with others as inevitable. Social development involves a healthy relationship is based on the position of the people. The purpose of this study, Social Factors predicting passion of relationships among students. these factors include: Competence, problem-solving and support (social). Methods: The study population included all students of Islamic Azad University, Tehran was the center of which was randomly selected sample of 200 people. Instruments included 12-item questionnaire passion relationship Mac Crossley, Social Competence Questionnaire 47 questions, Social Problem Solving Inventory (SPSI-R) Dzurilla 25 questions and Social support questionnaire had 23 questions Phillips. This study was correlational. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation and multivariate regression was used. Results: Data analysis using stepwise regression analysis showed that style the avoidance of contact enthusiasm has been a significant relationship (P<0/05). The variables of social support and social competence relationships were effective in explaining passion (P<0/05). Conclusion: The results showed that students who use avoidance to solve social problems virgin Less enthusiasm for the relationship with And more and more social support and have higher social competence are more enthusiastic relations.

bondage risk of addiction or drug of the matter is, the species that gives him both physically and psychologically dependent on individual and social behavior undermines all this. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotion regulation and cognitive self-control source was drug-dependent individuals. This descriptive study was correlational. Anyone with a drug addiction treatment center in the second half of 1393 to visit the city famenin treated, formed the study population. A total of 110 subjects selected by simple random sampling method and then to questionnaires emotion regulation, locus of control and self-reported cognitive response. Data obtained by using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis using spss software (version 16) were analyzed. The results showed that negative emotion regulation and cognitive control with external locus of control components associated with the negative and positive components of emotional regulation and internal locus of control had a positive relationship. These results have important implications in the pathology of substance abuse. Accordingly, clinicians can-can prohibit emotion regulation strategies and internal controls to deal with substance abuse use.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of optimism using story telling on behavioral disorders of the fifth grade male students of elementary school in the city of "Khoramabad". The method applied was pre-test, post-test with a control group. The participants were all the elementary male students from a school in "Khoramabad", from among whom thirty were selected using "random sampling" as members of control and experimental group. Rutter behaviour disorders Questionnaire-teachers form (1967) was used to measure the students' behavioral disorders. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance) were applied. Results indicate that education of optimism through storytelling leads to a decrease in behavioral disorders of the fifth grade students in experimental group compared to control group. Current observations confirm the positive impact of optimism, through storytelling, upon the decrease in students' behavioral disorder, Therefor The use of more effective methods of storytelling optimism training on elementary school students, because storytelling efficient way to attract students, especially elementary students(p<0/001).

Introduction: Common life is also like any other phenomenon, damage or pest damage of its own and one of the major common life, the issue of infidelity couples. Infidelity in a marriage commitment is the most damaging form that relationship affects all of them. Background & Aims: This study was an attempt to determine the role of personality traits in predicting beliefs about marital infidelity. Materials& Methods: The study is descriptive correlation. The population comprised all the students of AzarbaijanShahidMadani University, Iran, in the academic year 2014-2015. Considering the size of the population, 400 students were selected as sample through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using infidelity questionnaire (INFQ), and Neo Five Factor Inventory questionnaire (NEO-FFI). Pearson’ s correlation coefficient and multiple regressions analysis were used in data analysis. Results: The results of the regression model, the components of neurosis and conscientiousness had the most important role in predicting marital infidelity components. Conclusions: In explaining the findings of the study it can be concluded that the basic personality traits associated with marital Infidelity components. So can say that the issue of Infidelity couples are closely linked to the concept of personality, And the important and complex issues that must be considered, In fact, Infidelity the people in their personality probed.

In This research the relation between “ emotional intelligence” , “ perceived organizational support “ & “ job satisfaction” of staff in Guilan University. The research population includes the entire staff equal with 337 members. Kregci and Morgan’ s table was used for sampling and 179 members were chosen randomly. In this survey research, we used descriptive method of research with correlation among the indexes. Research tools are three questionnaires of perceived organizational support of Eisenberg et al (1986), Scoutet al’ s Emotional Intelligence (1998) and Smith, Kendall and Hulin’ s job satisfaction. To analyze the data we used descriptive indexes and statistical tests of Pearson’ s correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The result showed that a positive and meaningful relation exists between perceived organizational support and job satisfaction and between perceived organizational support and emotional intelligence There also exists a meaningful and positive relation between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction. The results gained by regression demonstrate that the two variables “ organizational support” and “ emotional intelligence” are just a %53 of the observed variables in job satisfaction.

Introduction: This research was done with the purpose of the comparative study of dimensions of mental health and depression in normal children and siblings of children with autism. Methods: The research method was descriptive and the design was ex post facto. The 34 siblings of children with autism and 34 normal children were selected by convenience sampling from Clinics and care institutions for children with autism and primary and secondary schools in range 16-9 years of age from Alborz and Tehran cities. For data collection, Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) were used. Data were analyzed by using independent t and Chi square tests. Results: Results showed no statistically significant difference between mental health and depression components except anhedonia in two groups of normal children and siblings of children with autism. However, chi-square test results showed clinical and diagnostic significant difference between the rate of mental disorders in normal children and siblings of children with autism. Conclusion: The presence of children with autism in the family causes cause abnormalities in behavioral, emotional, social and verbal-nonverbal communication between children with autism and other family members. So to reduce the adverse mental and emotional consequences of communication between family members, the importance of recognition of this disorder and educational needs for special interactions with autism children in the family is obvious.

Introduction: The aim of present study was to investigate the effectiveness of Rational Emotive Behavior Group (REBG) therapy on the executive functions and mental health in mothers of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: In a quasi-experimental study, 30 mothers of children with ADHD referred to counseling centers in the city Bojnurd, during four months, were selected by available sampling method and then randomly designed into three experimental, placebo and control groups. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions of rational emotive behavior group therapy, while placebo and control groups were not in any treatment. However, the placebo group participated in 8 sessions of Word-Windows software training. The participants completed General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Tower of London Test (TOL). Data were analyzed by SPSS22 software, using analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: The findings showed that REBG leading to improving the executive functions and increase mental health in experimental group than placebo and control groups. Discussion and conclusion: The results showed that REBG might be an efficient way to improving executive functions and increase mental health in mothers of children with ADHD. Also, therapists can use this therapeutic approach for improving executive functions and increase mental health.

The aim of the present study was to investigate psychological damage aspects, including the Internalizing and externalizing problems based on the dimensions of behavioral activation system (BAS) and behavioral inhibition system (BIS). For this purpose, first, 270 persons of high school adolescent students (including boys and girls) of arak's schools were selected through a multistage cluster sampling. Then Brain / behavioral Systems questionnaire were distributed among them to be answered. After initial data analysis, 64 of them, based on final score distribution (Z Standard) in Brain / behavioral Systems questionnaire were chosen. Finally, in order to test the hypothesis of this study, participants were have studied to measure Internalizing and externalizing problems, Through Brain / behavioral, Multiple anxiety, depression, aggression and hyperactivity questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using a Multivariate analysis of variance, ANOVA and post hoc tests. Results showed that are significant difference between the four personality groups in Internalizing and externalizing problems. So that, High sensitivity of behavioral inhibition system (HBIS) and Low sensitivity of behavioral inhibition system (LBIS) group, had the highest anger and aggression had the highest anger and aggression (p<0/05). In symptoms of of social anxiety and physical symptoms of anxiety, high sensitivity Behavioral Activation System (HBAS), showed a significant difference with other groups (p<0/05). The results showed that the more active and less active of brain/ behavioral systems can make adolescents vulnerable to psychological damages. The results showed that high and low levels of brain-behavioral systems sensitivity, leading to psychological disorders.

Introduction: Critical thinking is a key element of mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship critical thinking disposition, self-esteem, assertiveness, Social anxiety and worry within the framework a causal model. Methods: The Present study was a descriptive correlational design of a type path analysis. The study population included all students of the Abdanan Payame Noor University. 290 students selected by multistage random sampling method and results were interpreted using Pearson correlation and path analysis. In this study, the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (1992), Rosenberg self-esteem (1965), simplified version of Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (1985), Social Phobia Inventory (2000), Penn State Worry Questionnaire (1990) were used. Results: critical thinking disposition had a decreasing effect on Social anxiety and worry with coefficients-0. 14 and-0. 11 respectively, whereas demonstrated a positive correlation with self-esteem (0. 24) and assertiveness (0. 21). Also, a negative correlation between self-esteem with Social anxiety (-0. 29) and worry (-0. 30) and assertiveness with Social anxiety (-0. 31) and worry (-0. 15) were observed. Path analysis results indicated that Critical thinking Disposition have a significant indirect effect on Social anxiety (-0. 22) and worry (-0. 28) by the mediation of self-esteem and assertiveness. Conclusion: critical thinking disposition اhave a positive impact on self-esteem and assertiveness may lead to reduction of Social anxiety and worry. This model is potentially within the framework of CBT, it could be have therapeutic implications for patients with mental disorders, including depression and anxiety disorders.

Introduction: Obsessive compulsive disorder with chronic course, heterogeneity in symptoms and resistance to change as well as one of the most debilitating anxiety disorders, it’ s necessary the need for increasingly to investigation of multidimensional nature of pathology, complex and transdiagnostic. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of transdiagnostic processes such as intolerance of uncertainty, cognitive fusion and distress intolerance to prediction of obsessive compulsive disorder in clinical population. Method: In correlation-cross sectional current study, 155 subjects with obsessive compulsive disorder referred to clinics Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital (department of psychiatry) and Iran Psychiatric Hospital, selected by available sampling method and completed Obsessive Compulsive Inventory– Revised (OCI-R), Intolerance Uncertainty Scale (IUS), Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) and Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ). The gathered data was analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression. Results: The results showed that intolerance of uncertainty, cognitive fusion and intolerance distress were correlated with the Obsessive compulsive disorder. Based on regression analysis, the variables are generally able to predict 69% of the variance in obsessive-compulsive disorder, among which, the role of predicted of cognitive fusion was higher than other variables. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, transdiagnostic constructs, such as intolerance of uncertainty, cognitive fusion and distress intolerance able to predict obsessive-compulsive disorder and this finding may be an important step in the advancement and development of transdiagnostic protocols be considered in the treatment of this disorder.

This study aimed at studying the relationship between time attitude and it’ s sub-scales( present positive and negative, and future positive and negative)with happiness and psychological well-in students. It was a survey study which some questionnaires were used. The population was all of students in Bu Ali Sina University in 2012-2013 academic years. Research sample was 302 girls and boys students which were selected by using simple random sampling method. The instruments were Axsford Happiness Scale, Ryff’ s 18-items Psychological Well-Being questionnaire and Mello and Worrell’ s Time Attitude Scale. The data collected from the sample were put into SPSS-18 and were analysed using statistical methods, correlation coefficient and multipleregression. The findings show that students have more future positive attitudes, and are more positive than negative, in general. Moreover, the results show that there are meaningful relationships between happiness and psychological well-being with time attitude students (p<0. 001). Also time attitude (Present Positive) can predict the changes related to the happiness and psychological well-being positively and significantly (p<0. 001) but Future Positive can predict only the changes related to the happiness(p<0. 001). Also both Present Negative and Future Negative can predicts the changes related to the happiness and psychological well-being negatively and significantly (p<0. 001) According to the findings, their student’ s time attitude can predict moderately their happiness and psychological well-being. However, by increasing student’ s positive time attitudes developing the level of their happiness and psychological well-being could be anticipated.

Object relations have A key role in psychoanalytic approach. Thus providing a persian version of a scale to assess object relations is helpful for elaborating empirical studies in this approach. the aim of the present study is to investigate validity, reliability, and factorial structure of the Persian version of the Bell object relations inventory (BORI). convenience sampling is used to select 558 students from the university of Tehran. First, by the method of translation-back translation, the Persian version of BORI is prepared. then BORI and defense mechanism questionnaire (DSQ) are completed by the sample. Data analysis is performed by using of Pearson correlation coefficients, parallel, and exploratory factorial analysis. Factorial analyses show four factors named egocentricity, alienation, insecure attachment, and social incompetence. Cronbach Alpha and split-half coefficients are 66/0-77/0 and 60/0-77/0, respectively. significant correlations between object relations and defense mechanisms shows convergent and divergent validity of BORI. Accordingly, the reliability and construct validity of the Persian version of BORI are confi rmed. Therefore, BORI for psychological research among Iranian samples is suitable.

Disgust was one of six basic emotions was introduced by Darwin. Disgust propensity and sensitivity scale is one of assessment tools of disgust. The aim was the survey of the factor structure and psychometric properties of this scale in Iranian population. Method: This study was Descriptive research. The sample was consisted of 391 students of Shahed University that were selected by cluster sampling method. The used tools were disgust propensity and sensitivity scale, disgust scale-revised and Padoa scale. The Exploratory and Confirmatory factor analysis was used for survey of factor structure of this scale. Also, convergent validity, test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the scale were evaluated. Results: The Exploratory factor analysis showed four factors: disgust emotion propensity, disgust emotion sensitivity, propensity for avoidance of disgusting stimuli, sensitivity for results of disgust. The Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed four factors and two factors version. Also, convergent validity and reliability of the scale were good. Conclusion: These findings showed this scale has a favorable factor structure, convergent validity and reliability. Therefore, it can be used in Iranian samples.

Introduction: The objective of this study investigated factorial structure for the coping self-efficacy scale (CSE) among Iranian students. Method: This study was Descriptive research. The sample was consisted of 250 graduate student of payam noor university, who were selected through selected randomly sampling. For data analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, t-test for independent groups and Pearson correlation was used. Results: The exploratory factor analysis, three factors were extracted by 61/84 of the common variance explained scores. Confirmatory factor analysis of the three-factor structure of coping self-efficacy scale used in the sample gives support. The scale also showed a positive correlation with general self-efficacy scale. the Cronbach alpha as 0. 63-0. 91 of CSE factors was estimated and it was acceptable. Conclusion: The results showed that the scale of Iranian students, the three-factor structure and has good reliability and validity. So, coping self-efficacy scale can be used in Iranian samples.

Emotion regulation is considered as the intentional and automatic ways through which individuals manage the feelings that they have. Increasingly researches indicate the importance of emotion regulation strategies in variables such as psychological well being and numerous psychological disorders. Individuals who are not able to use adaptive emotion regulation strategies face many negative consequences. Strategies, including thought suppression, emotional inhibition and acceptance have been widely studied in the theoretical and research literature. Researchers seek to find the effects of diverse emotion regulation strategies on other psychological variables. In line with this, some instructions should be used to induce these strategies. Not only do researches support the emotional, cognitive, and social effects of aforementioned strategies, but also cross-cultural findings indicate that these strategies are highly affected by culture. On the other hand, to use these strategies in Iranian studies it is necessary to introduce related instructions. In this paper, we will review these strategies and present the instructions related to each emotion regulation strategies in experimental studies.