Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Year:2022 | Volume: | Issue: |Papers Count:46

Introduction: Cancer is one of the serious health problems in today's societies and is one of the leading causes of death in developing countries. Due to the fact that cancer patients suffer from many problems, including digestive problems. The aim of this study was to predict the biological indicators of stress based on emotional regulation and rumination in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Materials and Methods: In terms of research method, this research was a descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population of this study consisted of all patients with gastrointestinal cancer who referred to hospitals in Tehran in 1400. The sample size was obtained based on the formula 50+ k5. A total of 250 patients in the population were selected by available and voluntary sampling. Data in this study were obtained using Nolen and Hooksma rumination questionnaire, cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, and biological indicators of stress. In this study, descriptive statistical indicators such as mean and standard deviation were used to organize, summarize and descriptive information of subjects' characteristics and research variables. In the inferential statistics section, Pearson correlation statistical methods were used to analyze the data using SPSS. 22 software. Results: According to the findings, ruminant responses, distracting responses and cognitive emotion regulation were significant predictors of biological stress indices. Conclusion: It can be concluded that biological indicators of stress in patients with gastrointestinal cancer are predictive based on emotional regulation and rumination.

Introduction: Responsibility and job enthusiasm improve the job performance of people in the workplace. According to this the present study was conducted aiming to determine the effectiveness of group counseling based on the logo therapy approach on the responsibility and job engagement of the employees of the agricultural jihad of behmai city. Materials and Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest design with control group and two-month follow-up stage. The statistical population of the research included the employees working in the management of agricultural Jihad in Bahmai city. 38 employees were selected through purposive sampling method and they were randomly replaced into experimental and control groups (each group of 19 employees). The experimental group was undergone 10 sessions logo therapy approach. California Psychological Questionnaires (responsibility mini-scale) (1987) and job engagement questionnaire (Schaufeli, Salanova, 2002) were used in the present study. The data taken from the study were analyzed through mixed ANOVA and Bonferroni follow-up test via SPSS23 software. Results: The results showed that group counseling based on the logo therapy approach has had significant effect on responsibility (F=52. 62,Eta=0. 59,P<0001) and job engagement (F=35. 20,Eta=0. 49,P<0001) of the employees of the agricultural jihad of behmai city. Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, logo therapy can be used as an efficient approach to improve responsibility and job engagement of employees through employing change in attitudes and taking meaning via meaning discovery method, accountability, overcoming despair, increasing life hope and affective support of the members from each other.

Introduction: Considering the importance of psycho-social and spiritual problems of breast cancer patients, this research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of psychodrama therapy and positive therapy on the spiritual attitude of breast cancer patients. Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up plan with a control group. The research population included all women with breast cancer who referred to a clinic in Gandhi Street, Tehran, and 45 of them were selected as a sample by purposive sampling. These people were replaced in three groups: psychodrama, positive psychotherapy and control group (15 people in each group). The participants answered the spiritual attitude during three stages of assessment in the form of pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The research data were analyzed using variance analysis with multivariate repeated measures. Results: The results of the present study showed that there was a difference between the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and psychodramatics on the spiritual attitude of breast cancer patients (P<0. 05) and the post hoc test showed that psychodrama compared to treatment. Positive thinking is more effective on spiritual attitude. Conclusion: According to the research results, it is suggested to use psych demonstrating to improve the spiritual attitude of breast cancer patients.

Introduction: Loss of sensation in the part of the body is called local anesthesia. Local anesthetics (LAs) can treat pain in specific areas of the body by blocking sodium channels. They have also been introduced in several studies as antimicrobial agents. In the present study, special attention has been paid to their role as antimicrobial agents and their effects in treatment. By means of several databases, related key words for antimicrobial agents were searched until the end of 2021. Initially, by restricting the search, unrelated and duplicate studies were eliminated, and after reviewing the appropriate abstracts and complete texts, , they were appended to the present study. This study is focusing on the antimicrobial application of LAs, their interfering with various agents in combination with them, the mechanism of action, and the structural dependence on the antimicrobial effects. The following results have been perceived: 1-Structure, concentration, duration of exposure, type of microorganism and temperature affect the antimicrobial activity. 2. Compounds such as opioids, antibiotics, etc. can be combined with them and affect the antimicrobial properties. 3-Lidocaine has been studied the most and has been effective in prevention and treatment. 4-Due to their antimicrobial activity, they can be used in the clinic to prevent infection at the surgical site.

Introduction: Today, retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) plays an important role in ophthalmology and automated analysis of OCT images is very important, The need for labeled data and manual segmentation of these data by the ophthalmologist and limited labeled data are challenges in the field of medical imaging and a large number of labeled data is needed to train deep learning algorithms as well as to evaluate the performance of image processing algorithms. Materials and Methods: The data of this project include OCT dataset in the presence of retinal abnormality in age-related macular degeneration disease, obtained from AREDS2 Ancillary device at Duke University. Seventy B scans that are randomly selected from the above set are used to train the algorithm. The active shape model is used to generate synthetic boundaries, and new images are produced similar to the shapes in the training set. Results: Considering the anatomical features of the existing images such as the number and thickness of the layers as well as the brightness related to them, data with high similarity are produced in the presence of anomalies. Synthetic data were reviewed by an ophthalmologist to evaluate the results. Conclusion: The proposed model is designed to fill the gap in the production of OCT Synthetic data in the presence of anomalies, using important features such as the boundary of the main layers of the retina and disease-damaged tissue, and can be used as a data set for training deep learning-based algorithms as well as performance of segmentation algorithms.

Introduction: Invasive fungal infections due to Aspergillus and Candida often occur in leukemia and transplantation patients because of a severe compromised in their immune systems. Rapid identification and initiation of treatment in the early stages of the disease can reduce mortality from fungal infection. The aim of this study was the identification of invasive fungal infections by Real-time PCR in patients with hematologic disorders and bone marrow transplantation. Materials and Methods: patients with immunodeficiency hospitalized in Mashhad hospitals between March to November 2018 were evaluated for invasive fungal infections using TaqMan Real-time PCR with fluorescence probes and specific primers to identify fungal DNA in peripheral blood samples. Results: Seventy-five patients participated in this study. The female/ male ratio was 34 (45. 3%)/ 41 (54. 7%). The most common underlying disease was acute lymphoblastic leukemia (45. 3%) and acute myeloid leukemia (32%) and the lowest was related to haemophagocytic patients with lymphohistiocytosis (1. 3%). Blood culture results showed isolation of non-albicans Candida (13. 3%) and Candida albicans (1. 3%). Aspergillus species was not isolated from the blood culture. Real-time PCR were positive for Candida albicans and Aspergillus species in 5 (6. 7%) and 9 patients (12%), respectively and 61 patients (81. 3%) had negative results for invasive fungal infections. Conclusion: Fungi are one of the major cause of infections in the patients with hematologic disorders. Real-time PCR techniques can be a reliable and fast way to diagnose these infections and manage the disease in high-risk individuals.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to predict the self-efficacy and self-esteem of high school girls in Abadeh Tashk based on parents' positive thinking. Materials and Methods: The statistical population in this study included all high school girls in Abadeh Tashk in 2020. also 132 female students were selected as a sample using cluster sampling method, then the sample completed positive thinking, self-esteem and self-efficacy questionnaires. In the analysis process, the data obtained from Pearson correlation test to analyze the relationship between variables and multivariate regression test simultaneously to predict the criterion variable by predictor variables were analyzed using SPSS software version 24. Results: The results showed that the positive thinking variable in terms of components (others 'self-assessment and positive future expectations, each positive for each unit increase in standard deviation) were able to make changes (variance) predictive of students' self-esteem variable. Be a girl. Positive thinking variable in terms of components (others 'self-esteem and self-confidence, each positive for each increase in standard deviation) were able to predict the variable of female students' self-efficacy by making changes (variance). Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed that training self-differentiation can be used as an efficient method to decrease aggression and experiential avoidance in the adolescents engaged in divorce wiht externalized divorce through employing techniques such as differentiating rational from irrational beliefs, equipping the members with special communicative skills and shouldering the responsibility.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to provide a structural model for predicting mental disorders based on intolerance of uncertainty mediated by feelings of psychological cohesion and cognitive flexibility. Method: The method of the present study was descriptive and the correlational research design was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of all undergraduate students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran who were studying in the academic year 1399-1400, from which 387 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Lovind and Lavind (1995) Questionnaire, the Freeston et al. (1994) Uncertainty Intolerance Questionnaire (1994), the Flensburg (2006) Feelings of Mental Cohesion Questionnaire, and the Dennis and Vanderwall Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (2010). شد. Research data were analyzed using SEM structural equations using Amos software. Significance level in this study was considered 0. 05. Results: The results showed that the indirect path coefficient between intolerance of uncertainty and psychological turmoil is significant through the feeling of psychological cohesion and positive cognitive flexibility. Conclusion: it was concluded that the feeling of psychological cohesion and cognitive flexibility positively and significantly mediates the effect of uncertainty intolerance on mental disorder. This suggests that intolerance of uncertainty, a sense of psychological cohesion, and cognitive flexibility account for a total of 63% of the variance in psychological distress.

Introduction: Diabetes is a common metabolic disorder that its prevalence has increased worldwide and one of the most important factors in the course of diabetes is the psychological factors of patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of short-term group cognitive-behavioral intervention for type 2 diabetes mellitus (CBGI-DD) on reducing depression, anxiety and increasing self-management in women with type 2 diabetes. Method: The method of this research was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population of this study included all female patients with type 2 diabetes in Mashhad in Mashhad who were randomly assigned to a 12-week intervention program (2. 5-hour sessions) of cognitive-behavioral group (31 people) or control group ( 31 people) who received only routine care entered. The patients in the experimental group underwent CBGI-DD program in Mashhad Diabetes Center for 3 months (summer 1996). Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory and Tobert and Thompson Self-Management Scale were used as research tools before the intervention (pre-test) and immediately after the intervention (post-test). Results: Based on the results of analysis of covariance, the experimental group had a significant decrease in depression and anxiety compared to the control group and a significant increase in self-management after the test (P <0. 05). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, CBGI-DD program leads to increased self-management and reduced depression and anxiety in female patients with type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: The decisions that nurses make during clinical care affect their efficiency in clinical practice and can affect the patient's life and treatment experiences. The present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a model of clinical decision-making based on emotional intelligence with the mediation of self-efficacy beliefs and self-confidence in the nursing staff of Rasht hospitals. Method: The method of this study was descriptive-correlation based on the structural equation model. The statistical population of this study was the nurses of the special care department of Rasht hospitals, who were selected using the cluster random sampling method, a sample size of 364 people, and the nurses' clinical decision-making questionnaire of Lori and Salantra (2002), Bradbury's emotional intelligence questionnaire. and Graves (2005), self-efficacy questionnaire in clinical practice by Cheraghi et al. (2009) and self-confidence questionnaire by Shroger and Shon (1995). Results: Data analysis using the structural equation modeling method showed that emotional intelligence has an effect on the clinical decision-making pattern of nurses (p<0. 01, β, =0. 657),Self-efficacy beliefs have an effect on nurses' clinical decision-making pattern (β, =0. 370, p<0. 01) and self-confidence has an effect on nurses' clinical decision-making pattern (β, =0. 241, p<0. 01). Also, self-efficacy beliefs (β, =0. 186, p<0. 01) and self-confidence (β, =0. 108, p<0. 01) mediate the effect of emotional intelligence on nurses' clinical decision-making pattern. Conclusion: It is suggested that self-efficacy beliefs and self-confidence should be considered as factors facilitating decision-making and clinical performance of nursing students in developing the curriculum.

Introduction: the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of web-based diabetes self management education on health related quality of life and diabetes distress and for filling the absence of research litrecture. Method: The present study was a semi –,experimental with pre test and post test design with an experimental and control groups. The population of this study was all patients with type 2 diabetes who reffered to Imam Khomani Hospital and municipality district. health centers in Tehran. The number of 30 patients who met the inclusion criteria were voluntarily participated and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 6 sessions of web-based diabetes self management education. Data were analyzed by SPSS-26 and descriptive and inferential statistics, repeated measures and mixed analysis design. Results: The results showed no significant differences between experimental and control groups on health related quality of life and diabetes distress. The results of mixed analysis also showed that the interaction effect of time * time on the components of quality of life (F=0/155, p-value=0. 935) and psychological distress ( F=1/300, p-value=0. 285) is not significant at the level ( p-value<0. 05 ). Conclusion: The results of show web-based diabetes self management education can not improve health related quality of life and diabetes distress.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the stress and occupational stress tolerance of accident nurses with nurses working in hospitals. Method: The method of this descriptive study was causal-comparative. The statistical population of the study included all nurses working in the accident department of Tehran and nurses working in hospitals in District 5 of Tehran. 128 nurses were selected as the research sample by available sampling method Data were collected using a questionnaire on stress tolerance and job stress and the data were analyzed by analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between anxiety tolerance and job stress of accident ward nurses and inpatient ward nurses and accident ward nurses had lower anxiety tolerance and more job stress. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that nurses working in the accident department due to stress and heavy responsibilities in the workplace and the need for a quick response experience less distress and more job stress than nurses in inpatient wards.

Introduction: Due to the variety of health fields and the limited resources available, it is inevitable to prioritize research in all these areas and meet all the research needs of society. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the conformity of the plans with the research priorities of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data of approved proposals by vice chancellor of research at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences during 2006 to 2016, and in the contract, ongoing or finished phases were extracted. The university research priorities code was extracted and the degree of compliance with the research topic was assessed. Results: The research projects were increased more than four times from 2006 to 2016. The self-reported research priority for 7433 projects was stated by the lead researcher according to which 44. 8% of the projects (3332) were in accordance with the research priorities. On the other hand, compliance with research priorities for 3889 projects was not announced. After reviewing and matching with research priorities, it was found that out of 11322 projects, 47. 5% were in line with research priorities. Both rates had a declining trend. Compliance status of the projects with university research priorities was significantly different in terms of main provider unit, thesis, and academic rank. Conclusion: About half of the projects corresponded to the research priority and its’,trend was decreasing in the study period.

Introduction: Some researchers have attributed anxiety to specific cognitive styles and others to test anxiety as a result of specific learning styles. The aim of this study was to predict academic anxiety based on self-efficacy mediated learning styles. Methods: The method of the present study is descriptive-correlational. For the study, a sample of 400 people were selected in a multi-stage cluster. To collect information from the Ahwaz Anxiety Scale, the Learning Styles Questionnaire (ILS) and the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. General Scherer was used. To analyze the findings, path analysis method and Emus program were used. Results: The results of path analysis showed that learning styles with self-efficacy mediation have a predictive role on test anxiety (P <0/001). Conclusion: It seems that in order to predict test anxiety, individuals' learning styles and self-efficacy can be examined. However, in order to increase the external credibility of the research, it is suggested that more research be done in this direction.

Introduction: In recent years, studies have been conducted on the relationship between fatty liver and atherosclerosis. The results of these studies indicate the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver and atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. Fatty liver is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Increases in the thickness of the medial layer of the carotid artery and stenosis of the common carotid artery secondary to carotid plaques are markers of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the expression of cardiac 1 RXFP and CTGF genes in male rats with fatty liver steatosis model. Materials and Methods: 48 male Wistar rats by the weight of 230-300 g were divided randomly into the following 6 basic healthy groups (BH), modeled basic group (steatosis) (BS), healthy HIIT group (HIIT), modeled HIIT group (steatosis) SHIIT), healthy control group (CH), modeled control group (steatosis) (CS) were randomly divided. Rats in the fatty liver group received oral tetracycline daily for two weeks. The rats of the training groups were also trained for 5 weeks/5 days. Two groups, BS and BH, were sacrificed at the end of the second week, and the training groups and the CS group were sacrificed at the end of the 5th week, and heart tissue samples were taken to examine the expression of SGPT genes., RXFP1 and CTGF were taken IR. SSRC. REC. 1400. 036. Results: The amount of SGPT in BS and CS groups was significantly higher than the other 4 groups. The level of this enzyme in the HIIT and SHIIT groups was significantly reduced compared to the fatty liver groups. RXFP1 gene expression in BS, CS and SHIIT groups was significantly higher than the other 3 groups. But RXFP1 level in HIITS group was significantly lower than BS and CS. CTGF in the CS group was significantly higher than the other 5 groups. Both exercise groups had lower levels of CTGF than the fatty liver groups. CTGF level in HIIT group was also significantly lower than SHIIT group. Conclusion: Fatty liver increased cardiac fibrosis factors but by reducing these factors HIIT was able to prevent the process of cardiac fibrosis from liver Steatosis. So HITT can be Used as a new method to reduce cardiac fibrosis factors.

Introduction: Studies show an increasing prevalence of obesity and its related problems in children and adolescents. The results suggest that cognitive and emotional defects are related to obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of program-based programs based on the planning and inhibition of responses in adolescents infected with obesity in Iranian population. Materials and Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study in the form of a pretest-posttest design with a control group. From the statistical population of students with obesity in district one of Tehran, 50 students were selected by available sampling method and using random selection and assignment were divided into experimental (n = 25) and control (n = 25) groups. Were given. The control group received a mindfulness-based program for 14 sessions and before, during and after the treatment sessions, both control and experimental groups used the emotion regulation checklist questionnaire (children and adolescents form) and the color-word Stroop test. Were assessed. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in terms of emotion regulation (F = 10. 08, p <0. 0001). Also, these two groups had significant differences in terms of response inhibition (F = 27. 25, p <0. 0001). Conclusion: Based on the present research evidence, effectiveness developed by the researcher was effective in regulating emotion and inhibition of response. Shows that mindfulness training is effective on psychological, neurological responses and stress reduction resulting from social assessment. Also, changing consciousness and concentration when eating using mindfulness method is effective in increasing relaxation and improving inhibition of people's response.

Introduction and purpose: The present study was conducted aiming to determine the effectiveness of dialectic behavior therapy on marital burnout and marital attachment of the employees with work-family conflict. Material and Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest design with control group and two-month follow-up stage. The statistical population included the employees with work-family conflict at Iran Khodro Company (Tehran) in the autumn and winter of 2019-20. 30 employees with work-family conflict were selected through purposive sampling method and they were randomly replaced into experimental and control groups (each group of 15 employees. The experimental group was undergone 10 sessions of dialectic behavior therapy (Linhan, 2004). Work-family conflict questionnaire (Carlson et. al, 2000), marital burnout and questionnaire (Pines, 1996) and marital attachment questionnaire (Bartholomew, 1998) were used in the present study. The data were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA via SPSS23 software. Findings: The results showed that dialectic behavior therapy has had significant effect on marital burnout (p<0. 001) and marital attachment (p<0. 001) of the employees with work-family conflict. Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that dialectic behavior therapy can be used as an efficient therapy to decrase marital burnout and improvement of marital burnout and marital attachment of the employees with work-family conflict through employing techniques such as bearing distress, acceptance and emotional self-regulation.

Introduction: Trace elements deficiencies are reported in dialysis patients. We aimed to define the frequency of Selenium deficiency in dialysis patients and its correlation with age, gender, duration of dialysis, dialysis modality, and serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), albumin, total cholesterol and hemoglobin. Materials and methods: Patients under dialysis in dialysis sections of Dr. Sheikh hospital from April 2017 to April 2019 were enrolled the study after taking written consent from patients or their parents. Blood samples were obtained for measurement of serum Selenium levels at time of routine monthly sampling. Results: Forty patients enrolled the study. Totally 45% were under hemodialysis and 55% peritoneal dialysis. The ages in first and second groups were 12. 77±, 2. 94 and 9. 34 ±, 4. 03 years, respectively (P= 0. 04). Serum selenium levels in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients were 91. 95 ±, 8. 43 and 94. 1 ±,8. 67 microgram (µ, gr) per liter, respectively (P= 0. 374). Thirteen cases (32. 5%) including 38. 9% of hemodialysis and 27. 3% of peritoneal dialysis patients had Selenium deficiency (P= 0. 435). No correlation were found between age, gender, modality of dialysis, dialysis duration, serum levels of BUN, albumin, total cholesterol and hemoglobin with Selenium deficiency (P> 0. 05 for all ). Conclusion: Selenium deficiency is common in dialysis patients. Demographic factors, dialysis modality, dialysis duration, serum levels of BUN, albumin, total cholesterol and hemoglobin are not related with presence of Selenium deficiency. Periodic checking of serum levels of Selenium is recommended.

Introduction: Exercise Training and selenium is an effective way to strengthen the immune system. The purpose of this research is the effect of interval training and nano selenium supplementation on the expression of testicular HSP70 and PGC-1α,genes in dexamethasone induced rats. Materials and Methods: 40 Wistar rats aged 10 weeks were randomly divided into 5 groups of 8 (healthy, under dexamethasone induction (patient), patient + interval training, patient + Nano selenium supplement, patient + interval training + consumption Nano selenium supplement) were divided. The exercise program consisted of 5-12 repetitions of 1-minute running on the rodent treadmill with an intensity of 24-30 m/min, equivalent to 75-100% of maximal oxygen consumption, with active rest intervals of 75 seconds. These exercises were performed six days a week for four weeks. The prepared selenium nanoparticle solution, 100 mg in 250 nm size, was given to mice by gavage every other day. Three-way analysis of variance was used to determine the difference in variables between groups at a significant level (P<0. 05). All statistical calculations were done using Excel and SPSS version 25 software. Results: The results obtained from the research showed that interval training led to a significant increase in HSP70 (P<0. 05). Also, the expression of PGC-1α,gene in the group of Nano selenium supplementation and interval training led to a significant increase (P<0. 05). Conclusion: According to the present study, it seems that interval training and Nano selenium supplementation leads to a significant increase in HSP70 and PGC-1α, , which plays an important role in improving the immune function of patients with weak immune system.

Introduction: The characteristics of borderline personality disorder and its complex nature justify the necessity of using new treatments. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of emotion focoused therapy on emotional regulation and attachment styles of women with borderline personality disorder. Method: The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the study included women suffering from borderline personality disorder who referred to the medical centers of the first district of Tehran. In this research, 30 people were selected as the research sample using available sampling method and were replaced in two groups using random method. The implementation method was as follows: first, all three groups responded to the emotional regulation questionnaire (Gross and John, 2003) and attachment styles (Hazen and Shaver, 1987). Emotional therapy intervention was applied in 10 sessions for the experimental group. In this way, the data of the research was collected and analyzed using the method of variance analysis with repeated measurements. Results: The results showed that emotion focoused therapy had a significant and lasting effect on improving emotional regulation and attachment styles of women with borderline personality disorder (p<0. 001). Conclusion: by improving emotional regulation and attachment styles through emotional focoused therapy, the mental health of women with borderline personality disorder can be increased.

Introduction: With of bioinformatics technology advancement, new methods of cancer treatment, such as the use of bacterial toxins, can now be explored more rapidly. In the present bioinformatics study, the probable attachment of Shiga toxin subunits to Interferon gamma (IFNG), Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2), and Sodium/ glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) was investigated to take a step towards cancer suppression. Materials and Methods: The gene sequences were extracted from NCBI database. SWISS-MODE and jmol databases were used to detect the sequence and model the three-dimensional structure of proteins, respectively. The effect of StxA and StxB on IFNG, PTGS2 and SGLT1 proteins was evaluated with ZDOCK data base. Results: Three-dimensional structure of proteins showed that the StxA protein was not a monomer, and that StxB had flat structures that bound it to the cell surface. Alpha helices and beta sheets are present in IFNG, and this monomeric protein lacks a symmetric tertiary structure. PTGS2 has a large complex structure consisting of several alpha helices and a beta sheet. In SGLT1, which is a transmembrane protein, only alpha helices were seen. There is a significant interaction between Shiga toxin protein and all three proteins IFNG, PTGS2 and SGLT1 by the method of molecular docking. Conclusion: Findings of this study provide a new dedication for laboratory studies of the effect of Shiga toxin to evaluate its ability to stimulate the immune system, reduce tumor growth and treat cancer according to its ability to attach to the proteins which are effective in these processes.

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is affected by individual, behavioral and environmental factors that are still unknown and their identification can help control and prevent the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of social-cognitive factors affecting leishmaniasis prevention behaviors in health ambassadors. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in rural areas of Mashhad in 1400. 207 health ambassadors were selected by multi-stage random sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on cognitive-social theory structures whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed and collected in SPSS software version 26 using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation coefficients and linear regression. Results: Based on linear regression test, the structures of emotional adjustment, self-control and self-efficacy in overcoming obstacles were significant predictors of preventive behavior of seekers and were able to predict 55. 7% of the variance of this behavior. Emotional adjustment (β,= 0. 347, P <0. 001) was the strongest predictor of behavior. After that, self-control (β,= 0. 295, P <0. 001) and self-efficacy of overcoming obstacles (β,= 0. 158, P = 0. 012) had a positive and significant correlation with behavior, respectively. Conclusion: Findings of this study show that interventions to promote leishmaniasis prevention behaviors using emotional adaptation, self-control and self-efficacy strategies can be effective in overcoming barriers. Therefore, designing and implementing programs to promote leprosy-protective behaviors in this group of society is useful for controlling leishmaniasis.

Introduction: Marital boredom is one of the psychological issues affecting the quality of married life. The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between differentiation and marital boredom in couples referring to counseling centers. Materials and Methods: The research method was correlation. The statistical population included all couples referring to family counseling centers in District 1 of Tehran in the period from the second half of July to the end of September 1400, in which 248 couples (124 males and 124 females) were selected by convenience sampling method and online Using marital boredom scales (Pinez, 1996), resilience (Connor and Davidson (2003)) and self-differentiation questionnaires (Skorn and Dundee, 2003) were evaluated using Pearson and OLS test models for data analysis. became. Results: There is a negative and significant relationship between differentiation and marital boredom (P <0. 05), also resilience has no mediating role in the relationship between differentiation and marital boredom of couples. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be said that differentiation has an important role in marital boredom and marital relationships in general.

Introduction: This article examines the factors affecting dental caries in children among the middle class in Mashhad. According to the research literature in this field, factors such as mothers' employment, working hours and mother's age along with gender affect children's dental caries by adopting the survey method, we tested the effect of these variables. Materials and Methods: Initially, the method was navigation. First, the statistical population was all children belonging to the urban middle class who referred to a dental office in Mashhad. 180 people were selected by simple random sampling method. The results showed that none of the tested variables had a significant relationship with dental caries in children. The results showed that none of the tested variables had a significant relationship with dental caries in children. For this reason, we adopted a qualitative method to interview the parents of the children Results: Axial categories Showed Habit-oriented health Along with lifestyle and basic awareness, it plays an important role in children's oral health. Conclusion: In interpreting our findings, after a group discussion with research colleagues, we came to this conclusion. Class analysis was inefficient in explaining the class behaviors of individuals and according to Bourdieu, Giddens and Habermas should pay attention to the combination of people's cultural capital and their economic capital, their lifestyle and consumption, how they interact with their friends and relatives.

Introduction: Exercise can minimize the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) by regulating cellular signaling in the heart and arteries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of warfarin consumption with continuous and interval training on the expression of cardiac osteocalcin gene, vitamin MK-4 and serum calcium in myocardial infarction mice. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 42 male Sprago-Dovali rats (180-120g) were randomly divided into 7 groups: healthy control, myocardial infarction or ischemia (ISC), ISC+interval training, ISC+continuous exercise, ISC+warfarin, ISC+interval training+warfarin and ISC+continuous exercise+warfarin. Induction was induced by subcutaneous isoproterenol. The duration of training was eight weeks, five sessions per week and the dose of warfarin was 0. 5 mg/kg per day. Gene values, changes in vitamin K2 and calcium were analyzed by Real time-PCR, ELISA, photometric and data analysis using independent t-test, one-way variance and two-factor variance (P<0. 05). Results: Disease induction increased the expression of osteocalcin (p=0. 003), vitamin K2 (p=0. 027) and calcium (p=0. 001) genes compared to healthy controls. In the study of osteocalcin gene expression, ischemia+warfarin group with ischemia+EIT (p=0. 014) and ischemia+ECT (p=0. 007) and in the study of calcium levels of ischemia group with ischemia+EIT (p=0. 014), Ischemia+ECT (p=0. 001) and ischemia+warfarin+ECT (P=0. 013) were significantly different. Also, the interaction between exercise and drug was not confirmed on any of the variables. Conclusion: It seems that interval and continuous exercise be effective in reducing vascular degradation and calcification after MI by reducing the cardiac osteocalcin and serum calcium and minimizing the side effects of some drugs such as warfarin.

Introduction: The purpose of the present research The purpose of this research was to design an educational game model with an emphasis on the development of children's interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence and its effectiveness on this skill in preschool children. Early interpersonal behaviors help the child adapt in school and achieve success. Young children who enter school with weak interpersonal skills have many problems, including rejection by peers, behavioral problems, and low levels of academic progress. Having interpersonal skills enables the child to create interpersonal relationships and at any stage of life. To strengthen your interpersonal relationships. People start the socialization period from the time of their birth and structure their life through social skills. Interpersonal skills provide compatibility and social adaptation as well as interaction and communication with peers and others. The research method from the point of view of the goal is a basic research which is based on the exploratory mixed research method. The findings show that interpersonal skills are one of the tools that It enables a person to adapt socially, create and maintain interpersonal relationships that are learned from the first years of life and have short-term and long-term effects throughout a person's life. People whose interpersonal skills develop, achieve self-satisfaction and are socially responsible and useful people.

Introduction: This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of life skills training and group relaxation on depressive symptoms of Imam Khomeini nurses in Shahrak. Methods: The statistical population of this study was all nurses of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Arak. From this population, 45 people were randomly selected and randomly divided into three experimental groups 1, experimental group 2 and control,The sample size was 45 people, each group consisting of 15 people. Experimental group 1 received life skills training in 10 sessions of 45 minutes twice a week and experimental group 2 received light training in 10 sessions of 45 minutes twice a week. Beck Depression Inventory (1996) were the tools used in this study. Inferential statistics that data were used for one-factor covariance and multivariate covariance tests due to pre-test. Then, Ben Foroni post hoc test was used to compare the means by two. Results: Both life skills and group relaxation approaches have a significant effect on the depressive symptoms of nurses in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Arak. Comparison of the two approaches showed that the life skills approach to group relaxation is based on depressive symptoms. Also, there is no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of post-test and the mean scores of follow-up test, which shows the stability of the results affected by therapeutic interventions over time (P≥, 0. 001). Conclusion: It seems that both approaches affect the research variables.

Introduction: In addition to medical and pharmaceutical intervention and support, women with breast cancer also need psychological intervention. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of emotion focused therapy (EFT) on the resilience and hope of breast cancer patients. Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. 35 people as a research sample from the community of women with breast cancer in Region 5 of Tehran city in 2021 were selected using the available method and were randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The required findings were collected using resilience and hope questionnaires in two pre-test and post-test sessions and were analyzed using the covariance method. Results: The findings of the research showed that the mean scores of the post-test of resilience and hope were different in the experimental group, and the results of covariance analysis showed that EFT is effective in improving the resilience and hope of breast cancer patients (p<0. 001). Conclusion: Therefore, EFT can be used to increase the resilience and hope of breast cancer patients.

Introduction: Communication technology has had a tremendous impact on teaching-learning opportunities in various educational situations, including education. The aim of the research is to compare and determine the effectiveness of traditional, electronic and combined education on creative and active writing (composition) of gifted female high school students. Materials and Methods: This research is included in the semi-experimental research series,In it, immediate and delayed pre-test-post-test design was used together with the control group. The statistical population of this research consists of 7200 students of the second year secondary school for girls in the first district of Kerman city. The sample of this research consists of 60 female students in the age group of 18 years who were selected by simple random sampling within each cluster. In order to carry out this research, it was designed at the beginning of the creative and active writing evaluation course based on traditional, electronic and combined education, and then it was carried out on the students of the experimental groups. The control group also passed the same evaluation in the pre-test stage in the usual way. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of these three educational methods, the dependent variable of creative and active writing was measured. The instruments for measuring these variables were tests and questionnaires respectively. Analysis and analysis of data was done in quantitative and qualitative section. Results: The results of the research indicate that the level of satisfaction of the learners with the combined approach is significantly more than the other two groups (P=0. 01<0. 05). The inclusive students present in the course also expressed more satisfaction with blended learning compared to other approaches. In the field of learning, the results show that the learning rate of the students who attended the combined training course is higher than other courses (p=0. 01<0. 05). Conclusion: It seems that the education of students should be done in a multimedia way and new technologies, and in it, special attention should be paid to the importance of creative and active writing (composition) in order to maximize the efficiency of students in the field of academic progress.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the differences in the effectiveness of schema therapy, acceptance-based therapy, commitment and skill seasons on reducing depression and rumination in women with cancer. Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test and control groups. The statistical population included all women with cancer referred to the Omid Foundation of Namazi and Saadi Hospitals in Shiraz in 2020, from which a sample of 100 womens was selected by random sampling, which was randomly divided into three experimental groups and a control group. Data collection tools were Beck 21-item questionnaire and Nolan Hoxma and Marlowe ruminant test. The first experimental group received schema therapy intervention, the second experimental group received acceptance-commitment therapy and the third experimental group received skill-based therapy in 12 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Results: The results showed a significant difference in the scores of depression and rumination in the experimental and control groups. All three treatment approaches were effective in reducing depression and rumination (P <0. 05). Also, the results of Benfroni post hoc test showed that therapy-based treatment therapy had a much greater effect on depression and mental rumination than the other two treatments. Conclusion: The use of interventions based on schema therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy and seasonal skill in cancer treatment centers can be considered as a treatment along with medical treatments to reduce depression and rumination in patients.

Introduction: Healthy family is the foundation of the future health of the society and it needs solutions for the social and cultural reforms. The divorce has reached its critical point in Iran and many families are involved in it, so it has caused many researchers to investigate this issue. The main purpose of the present study is to carry out future studies on the divorce status in the future generations of Iranian families in 2041 development vision horizon with emphasis on the psychosocial pathology model of the family and it can help making relationship among the studies and achieving a coherent result in the dispersed ones. Materials and Methods: The research method is qualitative in screenwriting type. One of the objectives of future studies is “, describing alternative futures”,and screenwriting is one of its mediums. The statistical population of this study included family specialists (sociologists, family lawyers, psychologists, faculty members) in 2019. Considering the data saturation, 19 specialists were selected through purposive sampling method and were interviewed through semi-structured interview. Content analysis was used to analyze the results of the interviews. Results: The results showed that economic, social, cultural, academic-educational, legal-regulatory, psychological, and familial factors were intervening factors in increasing the frequency of divorce in coming years. Moreover, the results showed that codifying pivotal screens from divorce status with the emphasis on psychosocial damages can be effective on the divorce status in the future generations of Iranian families in 2041 development vision horizon. Furthermore, there are acceptable beliefs and cultural-social grounds in the importance of family in the society which can play a dramatic role in planning and policy making regarding management and control of the extent and intensity of family damages and the frequency of divorce (especially in future generations). Conclusion: Therefore, the divorce rate (formal and affective) will decrease in the future generations through correct, preventive, managed and on-time practical solutions at macro policy making level.

Introduction: One of the new and effective approaches to the management of medical centers and hospitals is the use of safety, health, environment and quality management system (HSEQ). The purpose of this study is to assess the risk of safety, health, environment and quality in hospitals and medical centers of the country. Methods: This research is of survey and analytical type. In the first step of the research, HSEQ evaluation criteria and indicators were developed using a group of experts (32 people). Then, 22 study sites in Alborz province were randomly selected and the events and challenges related to the indicators were examined over a period of 2 years (2020-2022). In the third step, risk assessment was performed. The project management structure (PMBOK) was used to analyze the identified factors. In this study, probability factor and impact rate are classified into 5 levels. Results: 21 indicators can be listed as components of risk assessment (HSEQ) for medical centers. The "safety" criterion had the highest (243 cases) and the "health" criterion had the lowest risk (95 cases). The highest number of risk indicators belonged to "failure to identify the main foci of risk" and then, "failure to assess safety risk" and "failure to assess environmental risk", which were classified in the range of "very high risk". Conclusion: It can be said that the applying the HSEQ approach can play a decisive role in reducing the level of various errors and also increasing the level of safety. Keywords: safety, health, environment, quality, medical centers, risk assessment.

Introduction: This research was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between the dynamics of the family environment and emotional failure with a tendency towards extramarital relationships in women applying for divorce in Babolsar city. Methods: This is a descriptive correlational research, and the statistical population of the research is all 130 women aged 20 to 40 who referred to 4 pre-divorce counseling centers in Babolsar city in 1401. According to the table of Karjesi and Morgan and with the possibility of incomplete questionnaires, 100 people were selected using the available method. In this research, three questionnaires were used including: Whatley's (2006) Extramarital Relationship Tendency Scale, Kim and Kim's (2007) Family Environment Dynamics Questionnaire, and Bagbi et al. 's (1994) Emotional Failure Questionnaire. The statistical method of the research was Pearson correlation and stepwise regression. Results: The findings showed that there is a significant negative relationship between the dynamics of the family environment and the tendency to have extramarital relationships at the 0. 01 level, and there is a significant positive relationship between emotional failure and the tendency to have extramarital relationships at the 0. 01 level. (P≥, 0. 001). Conclusion: It seems that the dynamics of the family environment and emotional inadequacy separately had the ability to significantly predict the tendency towards extramarital relationships.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between teacher skills in qualitative evaluation of mathematics course with mathematical anxiety, academic procrastination and students' thinking style. The present study was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population consisted of students and teachers of grade 6 in the academic year of 2018-2019 in Mashhad, Iran. A total of 120 teachers and 200 students were selected as respondents by using convenience sampling and inclusion/exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using descriptive indexes (e. g., mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression to relate the variables) in SPSS V. 22. It was found that teachers’,mathematical performance assessment skills had negative relationships with mathematical anxiety and academic procrastination. Furthermore, a positive relationship was found between teacher mathematical performance assessment skills and student thinking style. The regression results demonstrated that teachers’,mathematical performance assessment skills were a significant predictor of mathematical anxiety and academic procrastination. It was suggested that teachers’,skills of assessing mathematical performance be enhanced to improve their academic performance and efficiency.

Introduction: The objective of this research was to analyze the development structures of disabled sports in the country. This research is descriptive and practical in terms of the purpose of its implementation, which was conducted as a survey. Methods: The statistical population of the research was all disabled people engaged in sports activities in the country. 350 samples were selected by simple random and finally 327 questionnaires were analyzed. The researchermade questionnaire had 62 questions and included 7 individual, cultural, financial, management, infrastructure, equipment and facilities and human resources components with a five-point Likert scale. In order to statistically describe the data from the descriptive indices and for the inferential analysis of the research data, Cronbach's alpha test was used to determine the internal consistency of the questionnaire questions and components, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) based on the equation model. A structure based on the degree of relationship and T-Value was used to express the general linear model (GLM) in order to determine the construct validity of the questionnaire. Data analysis was done using statistical software (SPSS) and (LISREL) at a significance level of P≤, 0. 05. Results: The results showed that the sports development model for disabled people is suitable in terms of fit indicators and all questions and 7 components can be integrated in the structural model of sports development for disabled people. Conclusion: managers of sports clubs and sports teams can use this research as a guide for planning sports for the disabled in order to increase their satisfaction.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to explain the academic enthusiasm based on the socio-economic base with the mediation of progress goals. Methodology: The current research was of the correlational type using the structural equation modeling method, and the statistical population of this research consisted of all female students of the second year of secondary school of theoretical fields in Tehran in the academic year 2017-2018. The statistical sample of the research included 385 students who were selected by multi-stage cluster random method. The research data were collected using Pintrich's academic enthusiasm questionnaire (1991), Elliott and McGregor's achievement goals questionnaire (2001) and the researcher-made questionnaire of the socio-economic base of the family. and were analyzed by Smart PLS 2. 0 and SPSS 22 software. Results: The findings of the research showed that the socio-economic base and progress goals were able to directly explain academic enthusiasm. Also, the results showed that the socio-economic base has a significant effect on academic enthusiasm through the mediation of progress goals. Conclusion: The findings of the present research indicate that academic enthusiasm is the result of the combined and synergistic effect of various structures such as family-environmental structures (socio-economic base) and cognitive structures (progress goals ) are effective.

Introduction: A review of research shows that female students have major problems with self-efficacy and academic procrastination. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of choice theory on self-efficacy and academic procrastination of female students. Material and Method In this study, quasi-experimental research method was used with pre-test design, post-test with control group and two-month follow-up stage. The statistical population included ninth grade female students in Koohdasht in 2020. The sample was selected from the available sampling method and by screening and administering the Scherer (1982) self-efficacy questionnaire and Solmon and Rathblum (1984) academic procrastination, 30 Eligible students were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Then, the students in the experimental group received 8 sessions of selection theory and their results were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: Findings showed that the mean scores of post-test and self-efficacy follow-up test in the experimental group increased and academic work latency increased. Students are effective (p <0. 001). Conclusion: OCD is related to two major cognitive perceptions: 1. Excessive damage (risk) phobia, 2. Taking on excessive responsibility for damages (risks).

Introduction: Overweight and obesity can lead to psychological and emotional damages in the people. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of mindfulness on the food-related attention bias and the body image in the overweight people. Materials and Methods: The research method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and three-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the study included the overweight people with above-25 BMI who referred to the body weight control centers in the city of Mashhad in 2019 and were selected through purposive sampling method,36 subjects were selected from them according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups. The instrument to assess the subjects included the computerized test of food emotional stroop and body image questionnaire (Brown et. al, 1990) to assess the persons’,attitude toward his/her body image which was administered in three stages before and after eight-week intervention of mindfulness and three-month follow-up after finishing the intervention on the subjects. The data analysis of the study was conducted through repeated measurement ANOVA. Results: The result of data analysis showed the significant difference between the subjects’,reaction time to the food emotional stroop test and the gotten scores from the body image questionnaire in two groups and it proves significant efficacy of mindfulness intervention method on the degree of food-related attention bias and the body image in the overweight people. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, mindfulness intervention can have influence on the food-related attention bias and the body image in the overweight people through applying techniques such as creating physiologic, mental and emotional awareness.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women. Diagnosis and treatment can all be extremely stressful. This study aimed to review mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on quality of life, depression, and serum cortisol levels in women with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental research project of pre test-posttest with the control group. The statistical society contains 30 women with breast cancer referred to Omid Hospital in Mashhad that they were selected by sampling method and they were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people of the experimental and control group. To do the therapy, a trained clinical psychologist held 8 sessions of 90 minutes per week for the experimental group, while the control group received no treatment session. To measure variables from Beck depression questionnaires (BDI-II), quality of life SF36, and to evaluate cortisol levels, the blood samples were taken between 8 and 10 am before the first and last treatment sessions were started. In the statistics section, while describing the data descriptively and examining the assumptions of analysis of covariance (Shapiro-Wilk test, Levin test, regression line homogeneity test and. . . ) statistical test of analysis of covariance was used. Results: The results showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is effective in reduced depression and enhanced quality of life and increased serum cortisol from low to moderate levels within the normal laboratory range (P <0. 001). Conclusion: The results showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can be used as an effective intervention to promote mental health in patients.

Introduction: The immune system acts as the body's defense mechanism against invasion, protecting people through a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intense intermittent exercise and fenugreek supplementation on some immune system indices in overweight and obese women. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study (RCT), (age range, 25±, 5 years and BMI, 30±, 2. 5kg/m2), were selected purposefully and Using Power software, they were divided into four groups of exercise + fenugreek supplement(n=12), exercise + placebo(n=12), fenugreek supplement(n=12) and placebo(n=12). The exercise group + fenugreek supplement and exercise + placebo performed the shuttle thigh test at maximum speed for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week. The fenugreek and placebo supplement group did not participate in any sport program. Blood samples (for assessment of Leukocytes, lymphocytes and immunoglobulins levels) were collected before, immediately after training. Data were analyzed using Shapro wick test, one-way analysis of variance, dependent t-test and Scheffe post hoc at a significant level (p< 0. 05). Results: In this study, IGM, IGA and lymphocyte levels changed meaning and IgG and leukocyte levels increased significantly after 6 weeks of intense intermittent training and fenugreek supplementation (p <0. 05). Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study, High-intensity interval training and fenugreek supplementation affects the levels of immunoglobulins, lymphocytes and leukocytes.

Introduction: Identifying the psychological variables involved in the quality of life of heart failure patients can be effective in improving their quality of life,Therefore, the present study aimed to predict the quality of life of heart failure patients based on social support, a source of health control and disease perception in heart failure patients. Materials and Methods: The research method was a correlation type, the statistical population consisted of all patients with heart failure referred to hospitals in Rasht city in 1400. A total of 193 patients were selected through available and voluntary sampling. The data collection tools were quality of life scale, Walston's source of health control questionnaire, disease perception questionnaire, which was completed by patients with heart failure. Results: The results showed that the source of control, disease perception and social support were significant predictors for quality of life (P<0. 05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that quality of life can be predicted based on social support, source of health control and disease perception in heart failure patients.

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting the level of postpartum depression based on coping strategies and attachment style in primiparous women in Rasht city. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-correlation study, the statistical population included all primiparous women who referred to health centers in Rasht between April and June 1400, and 284 people were selected as a statistical sample in a random cluster method. To collect data, the tools used are: Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Questionnaire (1987), Stress Coping Methods Questionnaire, and Collins and Reed Attachment Style Questionnaire (1990). Research data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression. Results: The results showed that emotion-oriented coping strategies and avoidant and anxious attachment styles have a positive and significant relationship with the level of postpartum depression, and there is a negative relationship between the variables of problem-oriented coping strategies and secure attachment style with the level of postpartum depression. There is significant. Conclusion: The results showed that secure attachment style, emotion-oriented coping strategy, anxious attachment style, and problem-oriented coping strategy can be suitable predictors for postpartum depression. Also, secure attachment style variable has the greatest effect.