Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2019 | Volume:18 | Issue:3|Papers Count:10

Background and Objective: Acoustic analysis of voice can provide instrumental data concerning vocal abnormalities. These findings can be used for monitoring clinical course in cases of voice disorders. Cleft palate severely affects the structure of the vocal tract. Hence, voice quality can be affected also. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cleft palate on acoustic parameters of voice. Subjects and Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytic one and the participants consisted of 30 children (15 girls and 15 boys) who had persistent velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) with cleft repair surgery and 30 children (17 girls and 13 boys) participated as normal peers. The age range of children in the both groups was 6-12 year-old. Severity of hypernasality was moderate to severe. Participates phonated vowel /a/ minimum for 5 seconds and mid 3 seconds of that was used for acoustic analysis by PRAAT 6. 0. 55 software. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess normality of distributions in the groups. Independent sample T tests were used for comparing mean differences of both groups. Results: There were significant differences in acoustic parameters in F0, jitter, F0 high, low intensity, DSI and MPT between two persistent VPI and normal groups. Conclusion: Regarding to the results of the present study, it seems reasonable to include strategies for voice therapy in the speech and language pathology intervention plans for patients with VPI and future research should focus on voice disorders in patients with VPI is needed.

Background and Objective: Identifying the risk factors for the conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open surgery is necessary and essential. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the thickness of the gallbladder wall before the operation of cholecystectomy and the rate of conversion to open surgery. Subjects and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study 1104 patients, including age, sex, gallbladder thickness, and disease history of the case were extracted. Then, the thickness of the gallbladder was compared with those who completed laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the group that had open-laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Results: 1104 patients were entered the study. 765 women (69. 3%) and 339 men (30. 7%) were female. Mean age of patients in conversion group was 45. 49± 8. 9 years. Conversion to open surgery occurred in 104 (9. 4%) including 67 female (6. 06%) and 37 male (3. 35%). In 326 cases of ultrasonography, patients had a pre-surgical increase in thickness of the gallbladder wall. There was no significant relationship between age, sex, and conversion (P≥ 0. 05) (P=0. 26), but between emergency surgery and gallbladder wall thickness a meaningful difference was found. (P≤ 0. 05). Conclusion: According to the study’ s results, gall bladder wall thickness had a direct relation to conversion rate to open surgery.

Background and Objective: Hydrotherapy has positive effects on the behavior of people with autism. Studies have shown that Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) plays an important role in autism neurobiology. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hydrotherapy on the BDNF level in children with autism spectrum disorders. Subjects and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, a pretest-posttest, control-group design was applied. A total of 32 participants were randomly assigned to the control (n=16) and experimental (n=16) groups. The Halliwick intervention continued for eight weeks, three sessions per week for 60 min. Blood samples were collected to measure the BDNF level before and after eight weeks of intervention. Results: There was no significant difference between BDNF in pre-test and post-test in control group and experimental groups. There was no significant difference between BDNF levels the control and experimental groups in the pre-test and post-test. (P≤ 0. 05) Conclusion: The results show that hydrotherapy has no effect on serum BDNF level, nor has a significant effect on children with autism spectrum disorders.

Background and Objective: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) originate from peptide and amine producing cells of neuroendocrine system. Data presented in pathology reports, determine the prognosis and therapeutic approach of patients. The aim of this study was to investigate that how these indicators are reported in Shahid Sadoughi Hoaspital. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional and descriptive study, all neuroendocrine tumors reported by pathology department of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, were studied by census method from 2011 to 2015. Finally, 73 cases were studied regarding pathologic standard indices including pathology diagnosis, anatomic origin of the tumor, amount of mitosis, immunohistochemical staining, immunohistochemical staining type, determination of Ki67 index, the status of necrosis, vascular and perineural invasion. Results: Among 73 investigated pathology reports, small cell carcinoma was the most common pathologic diagnosis with 46. 6% of cases. The most common anatomic site was respiratory system with 49. 3% of cases. Amount of mitosis, Ki67 index, the status of necrosis and vascular, perineural invasion were mentioned in 31. 5%, 28. 8%, 34. 2% and 15. 1% of pathology reports respectively. Conclussion: According to the results, most pathologic reports of neuroendocrine tumors lack one or more necessary factors that are vital in reporting, and are pivotal for determination of prognosis and therapeutic approach in patients.

Background an Objective: Sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 2 (SVCT2) plays an important role in the transport of ascorbic acid into the cell. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of diabetes induction and exercise training on hepatic ascorbic acid and SVCT2 levels in Wistar rats. Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 20 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1: healthy control), 2: diabetes control, 3: diabetes-exercise and 4: sham. After diabetes induction training program consisted of 6 weeks of running on the treadmill, 5 sessions per week and each session of 20 to 40 minutes at a speed of 10-20 m/min was applied. Liver tissue and serum levels were used to investigate the effect of exercise training on ascorbic acid metabolism. Results: The results showed that induction of diabetes significantly decreased serum and hepatic ascorbic acid levels in the diabetic and diabetic-exercise groups compared with the control and sham groups (P<0. 001). Also, hepatic SVCT2 was significantly increased in the diabetic group compared to the control group (P=0. 041) and significantly increased in the diabetic and diabetic-exercise groups compared to the sham group (P<0. 05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, induction of diabetes reduces hepatic ascorbic acid levels, this appears to be associated with a decrease in serum ascorbic acid levels, and increased levels of liver SVCT2 are an up regulation mechanism to compensate for lower levels of liver ascorbic acid. Aerobic training after induction of diabetes, had no significant effect on the above mentioned variables.

Background and Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of Transdiagnostic Therapy Based on Repetitive Negative Thoughts on the Alexithymia, Emotional Regulation in patients with Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures. Subjective and Methods: In this study, a single-case experimental design with asynchronous multiple base line was used. The efficacy of Transdiagnostic Therapy Based on Repetitive Negative Thoughts was evaluated during three steps of intervention, including the study of the baseline, the treatment phase and follow-up. Three patients were selected through purposive sampling and entered the study. In this study, Alexithymia Toronto scale and Berking Emotional Regulation Questionnaire were used. The data were analyzed using the Reliable Change Index, clinical significances and visual inspection. Results: In this study, the Reliable Change Index for the Alexithymia variable in patients was 4. 46, 4. 08 and 4. 46, respectively, which was significant (RCI >1. 96), and therefore, no random changes were made. Percent of improvment was 53%, 47% and 57% for patient respectively, indicating success in treatment in the first and third patient and the relative success in the second patient. In the emotional regulation variable, the Reliable Change Index was 2. 02 in all three patients, which was significant (RCI>1. 96). The improvement percentage of emotional regulation in these three patients was 75%, 72%, and 57%, which was in the range of improvment and treatment success. Conclusion: The findings indicate the effectiveness of Transdiagnostic Therapy Based on Repetitive Negative Thoughts in decreasing Alexithymia and increased emotional regulation.

Background and Objective: This study aims to investigate and compare the brain waves of couples having an anxious personality with ordinary people. Couples with this disorder often experience a stressful life together. This disorder reduces marital adjustment in their lives. Therefore, this study investigates and compares the brain waves of couples with an anxious personality with ordinary people. Subject and Methods: A sample containing 40 couples selected equally from both sexes by convenient sampling method. In the comparison group, 40 couples without anxious personality were selected equally. These two groups were matched based on the variables of age, gender, and education level. Then, Collins and Read’ s Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) and The Locke-Wallace’ s Marital Adjustment Test (MAT) questionnaires were used to identify personality disorder and attachment style of couples and to determine the degree of marital adjustment, respectively. Moreover, Quantitative Electroencephalogram (QEEG) was used to record the electrical activity of the brain. Then, data obtained from SPS22 software were analyzed using the statistical multivariate analysis of variance analysis with respect to its assumptions. Results: The findings showed that the beta brain waves of men with anxious personality and without it are different in the PZ and F4 regions, (P<0. 05). They also showed that there is a significant and meaningful difference between the alpha brain waves of the women with anxious personality and the ordinary ones in the F3, FZ, CZ, and PZ regions (P<0. 05). Conclusion: It can be generally concluded that the brain waves of men and women with an anxious personality are different.

Background and Objective: The degradation of fibrinolysis is considered as a very important pathogenic factor in FULL NAME (CAD) progression and different exercises improve the function of the fibrinolytic system in these patients in various ways. This study surveys the effects of two types of high intensity interval and continuous training on some fibrinolytic factors of CAD patients. Subjects and Methods: A total of 30 volunteered eligible patients divided into three groups of interval or continuous training and control group and exercised for 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week. Changes of TAFI anti-gene and the t-PA/PAI-1 complex were analysed by covariance test before and after the training period. Results: There was no significant differences in changes of TAFI anti-gene between control and interval group as well as control and continuous group (P>0. 05) but the t-PA / PAI-1 complex in both interval groups (P=0. 001) and continuous (P=0. 001) had a significant decrease regarded to control group. Decrease of the TAFI anti-gene was significantly more than the continuous group (P=0. 028), however, the reduction of t-PA / PAI-1 complex was significantly more than the periodic group (P = 0. 024). Conclusion: The results showed that that both of the interval and continuous training creates desirable effects in the fibrinolytic system of CAD patients through separate mechanisms. It can be concluded that applying both types of these two exercises is essential for improving performance of this system.

Background and Objective: Geriatric period leads particular conditions that the aged person feel the need for helpful and dynamic communication more than any other time. In this research, the purpose was to assess the attitude of the aged people toward their speech communication in comparison with the middle-aged people. Subjects and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, one hundred retired were compared with one hundred currently working in Isfahan. In the study data were collected by the adjustment and attitude scale (AAS), and results were analyzed by SPSS16 and through chi-square and T-test. Results: The results showed that, un-regarding to sex and marital status, in the aged group, speech communication attitude was in higher than the other group (30% in excellent level and 35% in high level in aged group against 18% in excellent level and 33% in high level in middle-aged group). This difference was significant between two groups by sex (p<0. 002). Conclusion: regarding to the results of the present study, however the speech communication attitude was high in the aged group related to middle-aged group, but it was not significant. The difference was significant between two groups by sex.

Background and Objective: Sedation in critical surgeries such as brain stereotaxic surgeries is an important issue due to the need for hemodynamic stability of the patients. Midazolam anddexmedetomidine account as important sedative drugs in clinic. Their role as sedatives are well proven in different studies but there no previous study has attempted to compare their influence on hemodynamic and post operation complication in brain stereotaxic surgery. Subjects and Methods: In this clinical trial, 64 patients candidate for brain stereotaxic surgery went under sedation with midazolam or dexmedetomidine and hemodynamic values such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, sedation level, patient and surgeon satisfaction, recovery time after surgery and post operation complications were evaluated and collected and data were analyzed. Results: In both groups (midazolam or dexmedetomidine) mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate had no differences but respiratory rate in midazolam group was lower than dexmedetomidine group and they also experienced more frequent apnea episodes and decreased O2 saturation. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is safer drug in comparison to midazolam and use of this drug is suggested in critical surgeries such as brain stereotaxic surgeries in which hemodynamic stabilities are important. Dexmedetomidine causes fewer respiratory complications than midazolam.