Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2019 | Volume:18 | Issue:4|Papers Count:10

Background and Objective: Due to the association of adenoid hypertrophy with various diseases, timely diagnosis with a simple, inexpensive and low-risk method rather than nasal endoscopy seems to be necessary. Subjects and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, lateral cephalometric digital radiographs were selected from the Radiology Department of Jundishapur School of Dentistry. All eligible stereotypes were examined and divided into two groups: hypertrophic adenoids (n=127, 66 boys, 61 girls) and normal (n=102). The dimensions of nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal and hypopharynx spces were calculated in both groups. In the group with hypertrophic adenoid, the size of adenoid and then the ratio of adenoid to nasopharynx(A/N) also were calculated. The data were analyzed using by version 25 SPSS software. Results: There was a significant difference between the studied spaces in both groups. In patients with hypertrophic adenoids, hypopharynx and nasopharyngeal spaces had a statistically significant positive correlation with age (P= 0. 001 and P=0. 012, respectively) but there was no significant relationship with sex. There was a significant correlation between adenoid size and age (P=0. 012) but no significant difference was found in relation to sex. In addition, there was no significant relationship between A/N ratio in different age and sex groups. Conclusion: The present study indicates that lateral cephalometric radiography alone is not capable of detecting hypertrophic adenoid individuals But it can help diagnose the disease along with the patients medical history and clinical symptoms.

Background and Objective: Despite of prevalence of ankle sprain, no enough study has been specifically assessed the sensory mechanism and change in force pattern of external support, that acting on sensory-motor system (process) and postural control in functional ankle instability (FAI). The aim of this study was to compare the immediate effect of lateral heel wedge and soft brace on postural control in FAI with uninjured healthy controls. Subject and Methods: Thirty individuals with FAI were allocated into 2 groups: with lateral heel wedge and with soft brace and 15 healthy controls participated in this study. Dynamic postural stability with and without external support, was assessed by Biodex balance system at level 5. Results: In FAI individuals, after using lateral heel wedge, significant increase in overall limit of stability (LOS) (p=0. 03), and wright LOS (p=0. 04) was observed. however there was no significant increase in left LOS after using lateral heel wedge and in LOS indexes after using soft brace. Conclusion: The results showed that changing in force pattern and decrease of stress on injured tissue after using lateral heel wedge can improve dynamic postural control in subjects with FAI.

Background and Objective: Because of the importance of early detection of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in scleroderma patients and identification of noninvasive and available methods for this purpose, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum uric acid and pro-BNP levels with PAH in scleroderma patients. Subjects and Methods: This case-control study was performed on 112 patients with scleroderma referred to rheumatology department of Ahvaz Golestan Hospital in year 2018. Patients enrolled to the study were divided into two groups: those with pulmonary hypertension (pulmonary artery systolic pressure greater than 40 mmHg) (n=38) and without pulmonary hypertension (no PAH symptoms) (n=74). To evaluate serum levels of pro-BNP (Give full name please) and uric acid, 5 ml of venous blood samples were taken from all patients. Results: Mean serum uric acid level was significantly higher in the PAH group (P <0. 05). Although the serum level of BNP was higher in the PH group, there was no statistically significant difference between two groups (P >0. 05). The cut-off point of uric acid and pro-BNP were 6 (mg/dl) and 80 (pg/ml), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values of uric acid for detection of PAH in scleroderma patients were 65. 79, 85. 13% and 71. 59 and 45. 83%, respectively. On the other hand, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values of Pro-BNP for detection of PAH in scleroderma patients were 73. 68, 74. 32% and 59. 57 and 84. 62% respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated the applicability of Pro BNP and uric acid in screening and diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in patients with scleroderma.

Background and Objective: Infertility is one of the most important crises in a life span and is defined as lack of pregnancy after one year of sexual intercourse without using contraceptives. Geographical and population differences in various areas have led to various reports regarding the assessment of prevalence causes of infertility. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and causes of infertility among women living in Dezful city, in North of Khozestan province, Iran Subjects and Methods: This descriptive research study was performed on 886 eligible couples referring to Dezful infertility centre, between years 2014 to 2016. Demographic information and diagnostic and treatment methods existing in medical files of the patients were recorded in a questionnaire, and data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16. Results: In this research, the frequency of the primary and secondary infertility was reported to be 84. 5% and 15. 5%, respectively. In addition, female (30. 4), male (31. 4) both female and male (24. 8) and other (18. 1) factors were the causes of infertility. According to the results, most disorders were related to oligospermia (64. 4%), whereas the lowest disorders were related to teratospermia (1. 8%). In terms of female factors, the most and least causes of infertility were ovarian (64%) and uterine-related (1. 4%), respectively. Moreover, tubular causes were involved in 2. 3% of infertility cases. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the rate of female and male causes involved in infertility at the center was similar to the worldwide statistics.

Background and Objective: Considering relationship between chronic ankle instability and postural instability, and the importance of the understanding of athletes with chronic instability for rehabilitation clinics, this study was to evaluate functional tests as distinctive tools in individuals with and without chronic ankle instability. Subjects and Methods: This case-control study was conduct on 40 athletes (20 athletes with chronic ankle injury and 20 healthy athletes). In order to distinguish between athletes with chronic ankle instability and healthy athletes, they underwent five functional tests including; Latin-Latin test, side-to-face tests, Lilli square test, zigzag jump test for distance, single jump test for distance. For statistical analysis, test-retest, correlation coefficient and independent t-test were used at the significant level of P <0. 05. Results: Athletes with chronic ankle instability as compared to healthy athletes showed weaker functions. There was a significant difference between participants with chronic ankle instability and healthy participants in performing functional tests (P<0. 05). Significant correlation was found between ankle instability and eight Latin (ICC = 0. 67, p <0. 001), bilateral mutations (ICC = 0. 75, P<0. 001), square jump (ICC=0. 51, P <0. 001), zigzag jump (ICC = 0. 82, P <0. 001). Conclusion: It seems that functional tests (Latin eight test, side leak test, Lilli square test, zigzag jump test for distance, and single jump test for distance) are good tools to identify people with chronic ankle instability from healthy individuals.

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluation of referral indications for fetal echocardiography in pregnant women referred to echocardiography unit of Masoumeh Hospital Qom in Iran, in the Winter of 2018. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, in which, 230 pregnant women entered the checklist. Data was then analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results: The most common indication of referral for embryonic echocardiography, suspicion of CHD in ultrasound (heart failure) (21. 7%) was the dominance of focal ecchymosis and the lowest incidence of maternal diseases (2. 2%). Normal echocardiographic diagnosis was reported in 91. 7% and in 8. 3% as abnormal. There was a significant correlation between fetal heart rhythm and normal or abnormal diagnosis after echocardiography (P= 0. 02). Among maternal age variables (P= 0. 22), pregnancy time (P= 0. 97), fetal age (week) =0. 76), fetal sex (p= 0. 30), fetal heart rate (p = 0. 08), NT size (P= 0. 24), maternal diabetes mellitus (P= 0. 98), condition status (P= 0. 93), history of congenital the family (P= 0. 13) and specific disease in the mother (P= 0. 98) were not associated with the diagnosis after echocardiography. Conclusion: Embryonic echocardiography is a non-invasive method suitable for early diagnosis of congenital heart disease, which is suitable not only for high-risk pregnancies, but also for low-risk pregnancies.

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of acceptance-based couple therapy on relationship distress and forgiveness of spouses with obsessive-compulsive personality symptoms. Subjects and Methods: The statistical population of the study were couples with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder referring to the counseling section of the Office of Social and Cultural Assistance, Municipality of Tehran, Iran, who had spent at least one year of their marriage until 1395. Twenty couples who were willing to participate in the study were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The research tools included forgiveness questionnaire, Marital and Relationship Disorder Scale, and the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Questionnaire, which were completed by the subjects in pre-test and post-test manner. The experimental group received 12 sessions of integrated acceptance-based couples training program. Finally, the collected data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results of the analysis showed that the integrative couple therapy based on the acceptance of distress and forgiveness of couples with spouse with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder was effective. (P<0. 001). Conclusion: Couple therapy can be used to improve couple relationships in family courts and the Welfare Organization.

Background and Objective: Dental bleaching is known as an esthetic treatment for discolored teeth. However, it may damage periodontal tissues. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of two concentrations (15% and 20%) of carbamide-peroxide dental bleaching on periodontal health. Subjects and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 45 healthy volunteers aged 20-40 years who required dental bleaching. The subjects were assigned into three groups (n=15 each) according to treatment agents: carbamide peroxide 15% (CP15), carbamide peroxide 20% (CP20), and placebo (P). After eight hours administration of the agents for six nights, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were evaluated at four time points (basal and at 7, 9, and 21 days after bleaching). Data were analyzed by SPSS 18 using ANOVA, paired t-test, chi-square and Friedman tests, at P<0. 05 level of significance. Results: There were no significant differences in PI, GI or BOP among three groups at any time points (P>0. 05). PI, GI or BOP presented no significant variation during study period. Conclusion: According to the findings, bleaching with carbamide peroxide at 15 or 20% has no adverse effects on periodontal health.

Background and Objective: Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis are the most common etiologic factors in the diseases caused by yeast species. Considering the increased resistance of fungi to some antifungal drugs and many of these drugs are toxic and expensive; studies specifically designed to assess the antifungal effectiveness of natural products are necessary. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of white alum (Alum) on the prevention of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis under in vitro setting. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory study, using modified E. test method, white alum solutions were prepared at concentrations of (8, 4, 2, 1, 0. 5, 0. 25 and 0. 125 mg/100ml) then10 μ Lof each dilution Poured in blank disks that placed linearly on the culture medium inoculated with the fungus, then for 24 hours due to the low growth rate of these fungi, the petri was incubated at 37 ° C, and the minimum growth inhibitory concentration (MIC) was obtained. It should be noted that the test was repeated three times and averaged. Results: The findings of this study showed that white alum has a positive effect on inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis colonies. MIC for Candida albicans and Candida capillaries was 0. 13 and 0. 06 mg / ml, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the use of white alum can be a good cure in the treatment of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis infection in dental treatment.

Background and Objective: Popliteal vein repair and ligation are the two main approaches to the treatment of the venous component of trauma cases with vascular involvement. In this study, the incidence of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis aftrer these two methods in traumatic patients and report their outcome. Subjects and Methods: From December 2017 to December 2018, 60 patients with popliteal vein injury were allocated in 2 groups were operated on in our vascular unit using either ligation popliteal vein (n=30) or saphenous vein interposition graft (n=30). All the patients underwent a color Doppler sonography of the lower limbs to study DVT and pulmonary artery CT angiography to establish incidence of pulmonary embolism. Collective data were compared between 2 groups using. Results: Deep venous thrombosis occurred in 5(16. 7%) patients of vein ligation group and in 3(10%) saphenous vein interposition graft patients group. This difference was not significant (p =0. 61). On the other hand, pulmonary embolism was seen in 2(6. 7%) patients of vein ligation group and in 8(26. 7%) saphenous vein interposition graft patients group. This difference was significant(P =0. 001). The incidence of injured limb amputation was 10% in vein ligation group versus 6. 7% in saphenous vein interposition graft group. This difference was not significant (P=0. 22). There was no significant difference in incidence of wound infection between patients who underwent vein ligation and those who received saphenous vein interposition graft repair (10% vs 6. 7%, P=0. 38). Conclusion: Although in our study popliteal vein repair had a higher incidence in pulmonary embolism, management of traumatic venous injury by these two methods still remains controversial.