Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2019 | Volume:18 | Issue:6|Papers Count:10

Background and Objective: Breast cancer accounts for about one-third of all cancers in women. Behind lung cancer, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in this gender group. In traditional medicine, Euphorbia (E. ) microsciadia (Boiss) is a plant used for cancer treatment. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of E. microsciadia extract on elimination of tumor cells and expression of cytokines in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line. Materials and Methods: Cell culture was performed in Dulbecco’ s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM); supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin (1IU/ml), and streptomycin (1μ g/ml) at 37° C, with 5% CO2 and 95% humidity. The effect of E. microsciadia extract on the viability of MDA-MB-231 cells was then evaluated by MTT assay. To estimate the expression level of the mRNA of IL-1β , IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, TGF-β 1, and INF-γ following MDA-MB-231 cell line treatment with the plant extract, the RNA was extracted using TRIzol solution for cDNA synthesis. The mRNA expression level was subsequently measured in the samples by TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The expression of cytokines in both groups of extract treatment and control was ultimately analyzed via Mann-Whitney U test. Results: After 24 and 48 h, the IC50 values for the E. microsciadia extract were determined at 278. 30 and 238. 20μ g/ml, respectively. Besides, the extract showed evidence of anti-proliferative effects on the MDA-MB-231 cell line in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Moreover, the expression levels of INF-γ , IL-8, and IL-1β had significantly increased 24 and 48 h after being treated with E. microsciadia extract. The expression level of TGF-β 1, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A had correspondingly augmented and decreased after 24 and 48 h of treatment; respectively. Conclusion: The E. microsciadia extract may be used as a tool to manipulate expression of cytokine genes and to ultimately control cell growth and proliferation, which is of utmost importance for molecular and cellular studies in cancer therapy.

Speech fluency is one of the characteristics of natural speech. Any disturbance in the continuity, speed of production, planning, speech rhythm or a combination of these factors will cause a phenomenon known as non-fluency or stuttering. Aim of this review study was determining the effective treatments for adult stuttering. In general, stuttering for adults focuses on either (1) training new ways of managing and dealing with stuttering, or (2) training new speech techniques that facilitate fluent speech. These two approaches (stuttering management and speech restructuring) are commonly used together to help the stutterer deal with core behaviors of stuttering as well as the affectional, anxiety, emotional, and cognitive aspects of the disorder. Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scinece Direct, Magiran and SID were used to perform this study. Finally, by studying the title and abstract of the articles, the most relevant ones were selected for writing this review.

Background and Objective: Low back pain is one of the most common and costly medical problems and the main cause of absenteeism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of conventional core stability and special suspension exercises on multifidus muscle endurance, pain and quality of life in non-specific chronic low back pain patients. Subjects and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study. The statistical population of the study in patients with chronic low back pain referring to neurological and orthopedic clinics as well as the health center of Sama in Neyshabur city, the samples were selected purposefully. The severity of low back pain, multifidus muscle endurance and quality of life was measured using the test and Quebec questionnaire, Electromyography machine during McGill trunk endurance tests and SF-36 questionnaire. These measurements were repeated after 12 weeks in both groups. Results: The results showed that both types of stability training reduced the amount of pain and increase the trunk muscle endurance and have improved the quality of life in terms of physical and mental aspects and physical function in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain P<0. 001). This decline was more significant in special suspension exercises. Conclusion: Core stability exercises are more effective than core stability exercises on fixed surfaces for patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain.

Background and Objective: Osteoarthritis is a common disease and painful arthritis with unknown etiology. In this study, the effects of mesenchymal stem cells and aerobic training on apoptosis biomarkers (BAX and BCL2) in the heart tissue of osteoarthritic rats was investigated. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 42 male Wistar rats (age range 6-8 weeks and body weight of 250-300 g) were divided into two groups: osteoarthritic group (n=35) and healthy control group (n=7). Osteoarthritis was induced in rats by surgery. then osteoarthritic rats were divided into five subgroups of seven including control, saline, stem cell, aerobic training, and aerobic training+stem cell groups. aerobic training program was conducted for 8 weeks and 5 days a week. Apoptosis biomarkers, including BAX and BCL2 proteins in the heart tissue of rats, were measured using ELISA kits. One-way ANOVA used to analyze the data. Results: BAX concentration was significantly higher in saline and unhealthy control groups compared to other groups and BCL2 concentration was significantly lower in saline and unhealthy control groups compared to other groups (P<0. 001). Aerobic training and stem cell, whether used separately or together, caused a significant increase in BCL2 concentration and a significant decrease in BAX concentration (P<0. 001). Conclusion: Osteoarthritis caused an increase in heart cell apoptosis. Although stem sells have anti-apoptosis effects, they are more effective in treatment if used with aerobic training.

Background and Objects: Autism spectrum disorder is one of the disorders of growth, and so far, different methods have been developed to reduce its symptoms. In this research, the method of intensive interaction has been studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of intensive interaction intervention on social interactions and communication of children with autism spectrum disorder. Subjects and Methods: The design of this study was bases on a non-randomized, semi-experimental with control group and on pre-and post-test. The population of this study included 22 children with autism spectrum disorder who were selected by available sampling among the centers of autism in Ahvaz, Iran. These children were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The Gilliam Autism Scale (GARS) was used to measure the variables of the research. To analyze the results, descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviations of scores were used and the covariance analysis was used to control the interventional variables in the pretest. Results: The mean and SD of communication for the experimental and control groups in the pre-test stage respectively were (24. 36± 9. 17) and (21± 8. 98), These values were in the post-test for the control and experimental group (23. 72 ± 10. 13) and (21± 9. 48) respectively. The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that the intensive interaction method was effective on social interaction dimension (P<0. 001). Conclusion: According to the findings, the method of interactive interaction is effective on the social interaction dimension, but it is not effective on the communication. communication mainly involves the use of language and is more specific than interaction in general. Therefore, the effectiveness of this method was confirmed on social interaction but was not confirmed by social communication.

Background and Objectives: Computer-aided design diagnostic systems are widely used in the differential diagnosis of breast cancer. Therefore, improving the accuracy of a CAD system has become an important field of research. In this study, we investigated CAD systems based on deep neural networks of convolution type to detect breast cancer in thermographic images. Subjects and Methods: For analyzing the proposed model, the Database for Mastology Research (DMR) database was used. The number of the participants examined were 196, including 41 cases of cancer and 155 healthy subjects. Each person had 10 images of thermography. The total number of the analyzed images included 1960 images of thermography. The classification of thermal images including cancerous and healthy images is based on three types of deep convolution neural networks including google net, resnet18 and vgg16. Results: The accuracy and specificity of the results using a neural network models of deep pre-training on google-net, resnet18 and vgg16 was 85. 03%-89. 7%, 83. 8%-91. 9% and 85. 03%-91, 01% respectively. The proposed model is capable of providing a significant response to the different breast tissue morphologies. Conclusion: The model of deep artificial neural network can be used as an efficient and intelligent way to detect cancer in original thermal images without extracting features. However, more studies are needed to design other models of artificial neural networks based on deep learning for detection of malignant or benign cancers in thermal imagery.

Background and Objective: Genital Herpes is one of the most common sexually transmitted disease in the world especially in women and has high prevalence in developed and developing countries. It is the third cause of sexually transmitted diseases after Gonoccocal and Chlamydia infections in the world. HSV-2 is the main cause of genital herpes. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HSV-2 in pap-smear samples among Ahvazian married women uisng PCR method. Subjects and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 276 pap-smear samples from women aged 16-72 years old who referred to women clinics during years 2017 and 2018, were collected. DNA was extracted; and indentification of the virus in the collected samples was performed using specific primers and PCR test. Results: Twenty four samples (8. 7 %) from married women were contaminated by HSV-2. The highest frequency of infection was observed in the age group of 46-55 years old and in women with normal cytology and mild inflammation. Conclusions: According to these results it can be concluded that infection prevalence by Herpes virus is more in age group of women with high sexual activity. In addition, with reference to relatively high infection frequency by this virus, in active sexually groups, regular screening for this virus at 5-year intervals is necessary.

Background and Objective: Galectin3 has been recognized as a new biomarker for cardiovascular disorders, However the effects of aerobic training on these markers have not been identified. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training on Galectin3 and inflammatory markers serum levels in elderly women with metabolic syndrome. Subjects and Methods: Twenty four elderly women with metabolic syndrome (age: 65. 37± 4. 08, weight: 88. 98± 6. 56, BMI: 34. 14± 1. 47) were randomly divided into two groups of aerobic training (n=12) and control group (n=12). The aerobic training protocol was designed for 12 weeks, three sessions per week with intensity of 65-50% of maximum heart rate. Serum samples were collected in pre-test and post-test for Galectin3, TNF-α and CRP by ELISA. Results: Aerobic training resulted in a significant decrease in serum Galectin3 compared to control group (P˂ 0. 05). Also, aerobic training was associated with a significant decrease in inflammatory markers (CRP and TNF-α ) (P˂ 0. 05). Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that aerobic training is associated with a decrease in serum Galectin3 in elderly women with metabolic syndrome, which may be due to the improvement of chronic inflammation.

Background and Objective: Stuttering is a disorder in fluency of speech interrupted due to repetition, block, prolongation and hesitation. Frequency of this disorder is around 1% in population. Stuttering affected on a variety of aspect of speech, language, emotion and psychology of the affected person. The aim of the present research was to compare the emotional intelligence in stutterers and non-stutterers adolescents in Isfahan. Subjects and Methods: In this research we used Bar-ON emotional intelligence questionnaire to investigation of effects of stuttering on emotional intelligence. For this purpose, we estimated the reliability of the questionnaire on 30 adolescents without stuttering and then used of it on 21 adolescents stuttering group and 30 non-stutterer group. Results: The overall scores of two groups were not significant difference. The persons with stuttering had non-significantly higher more scores in flexibility Conclusion: The finding of this study suggest that stuttering has no effect on emotional intelligence in adolescence. In addition, the non significant high score in flexibility in stuttering group might suggest that fluency disorder can help them to adjust their thinks and behavior with environmental and conditions changes more than non-stuttering groups in this age group.

Background and Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the frequency of CD10 in prostate carcinoma cells in order to evaluate its association with some clinicopathologic markers. Subjects and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, tissue samples of patients referred to Imam Khomeini, Shahid Baqaei and Golestan hospitals of Ahwaz with the diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia were used. Clinical and demographic data of patients were extracted from hospital records. Anti CD10 monoclonal antibody was used for immunohistochemical staining. Results: Fifty one prostate samples (41 malignant and 10 benign) were studied. The mean age was 68. 4 years. 36% of adenocarcinomas were Gleason Grade 6, 20% grade 7, 15% grade 8, 24% grade 9 and 5% grade 10. Stage of cancer was organ confined (pT2) in the majority of cases (75%). The pattern of expression, expression intensity and staining intensity in malignant specimens were significantly different than benign hyperplasia. CD10 expression decreased in more than 50% of malignant cases. Also, the staining intensity of this marker was significantly lower in malignant samples. In addition, evaluation of correlation between staining intensity with other studied variables showed that there was a significant relationship between staining intensity and Gleason score (P <0. 0001). Conclusion: The findings indicate that expression of the CD10 marker in malignant prostate lesions in comparison with benign hyperplasia is decreased or abolished. However, among malignant lesions, this marker is expressed in more advanced stages of the tumor and is related to the more invasive pattern of tumor.