Archives of Rehabilitation (Journal of Rehabilitation)
Year:2015 | Volume:16 | Issue:1|Papers Count:12

Objective: Cochlear Implant has very positive impact on expressive language growth of children with severe impaired hearing and the effectiveness of Cued Speech has been studied in several investigations. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of using Cued Speech on topic maintenance, basic information and sequence events of the story in the prelingually hearing impaired students with late cochlear implantation.Materials & Methods: This has been an experimental study and pre-test, post- test plan was used. Nine prelingually hearing impaired students who had late cochlear implantation and were between the ages of 11 and 16 years and 9 months from Loghman Cochlear implant center were selected by available sampling method. Our tool was story telling test. The Persian Cued Speech training program was carried out for 8 weeks in sixteen 60-minutes sessions for each case and 180-minutes group training sessions. After that all students were assessed again. In this study, we have used Kolmogorov–Smirnov Z-test and t-test for dependent groups.Results: Results revealed that Cued Speech have positive and significant effects on topic maintenance, basic information and sequence events of the story in the pre-lingually hearing impaired students with late cochlear implantation (P£0.01).Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that using Cued Speech for the pre-lingually hearing impaired students with late cochlear implantation can be effective for their language skills.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior, organizational commitment and its dimensions on the Welfare staff in Tehran in year 2013.Materials & Methods: In this cross - sectional study, one hundred eight staff of Tehran Welfare were selected by random sampling method according to the sample size of the previous studies. Data were collected using two standard questionnaires OCB, and Organizational Commitment, which includes the three dimensions, affective commitment, normative commitment and continuance commitment and they were analyzed by statistical methods such as: Pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA.Results: The findings showed there was significant and positive correlation between OCB and organiza tional commitment (P£0.01, r=0.325). Also, there was a significant positive relationship between dimensions of organizational commitment, affective commitment and normative commitment with OCB, but there was not significant relationship between OCB with continuous commitment. ANOVA results showed that the mean of OCB in terms of age, type of employment and record of service, mean of continuous commitment in terms of type of employment and mean of affective commitment has a significant difference with record of service of employees.Conclusion: Based on the findings, we conclude that by promoting the concept of organizational citizenship behavior, the organizational commitment of staff of Tehran can be increased.

Objective: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of sensory- motor integration exercises on static and dynamic balance in children with trainable mental retardation.Materials & Methods: In this semi experimental research (2 experimental and control groups) with pretest and posttest design, 40 subjects from GOLHAYE BEHESHT rehabilitation and training center with the mean age 8.48±2.81 years and mean IQ 30.62±6.81 were selected through purposeful sampling method. All children were examined with pre-test. Then, according to both factors (IQ and pretest scores) subjects were divided randomly in two (experimental & control) equal groups. Each group were consisted of 10 boys & 10 girls. Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency was used to assess balance. Experimental group had physical exercises and experienced sensory stimulation 6 times a week during 50 sessions and each session 45 minutes. Control group were using the class education programs. After 50 sessions both groups (experimental & control) were examined through post-test.Results: Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test and no significant difference was observed in posttest among experimental and control groups (P<0.05). Experimental group gained more scores.Conclusion: This research indicated that motor-sensory integration trainings improve balance (both static & dynamic balance).

Objective: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and socio-economic correlates of disabilities in Iran.Materials & Methods: In this study, secondary analysis of aggregate and micro data (at individual and household level) from the Iranian 2006 census was used. Micro-data collection contains representative sample including 19,848 disabled people, 1,235,445 non-disabled people and also at household level, and 17,166 households with at least one disabled person and 298,741 households with non-disabled person. Bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis were used for data analysis with SPSS software.Results: The prevalence of disability was 14.4 per 1000 in Iran. Disability was higher in rural area than in urban area, and also, was more common among men than women. The findings also indicated that disabled people had lower levels of socio-economic status compared to non-disabled people. In addition, the amount and prevalane of disability in terms of characteristics of head of household, economic and welfare status of household was statistically significant. Logistic regression analysis showed that female-headed households, education and low occupational status of head of household, welfare index of household and rural-urban residence significantly increased the possibility of having a disabled person in the household.Conclusion: Low levels of welfare and poor living conditions of households increases the probability of disability. Thus, it is recommended to offer social welfare programs for lower income and vulnerable households and also specific services packages for disabled people.

Objective: One of the most common faulty posture of cervical spine is forward head posture (FHP). According to biomechanical changes in the muscles and ligaments of the neck which are rich source of mechanoreceptors, in forward head posture there is the possibility for the proprioception to be impaired. Assessment of neck repositioning angles can be an indicator to assess proprioception of this region. The aim of this study was to investigate cervical proprioception in forward head posture subjects in sagittal plane and compare it with normal subjects.Materials & Methods: This is a case-control study and subjects were selected by available sampling from students of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Eighteen subjects with FHP (mean age 23.18 years) and twenty two normal subjects (mean age 22.72 years) were participated in this study. Photography of sagittal view was done in standing posture to determine the amount of FHP, as well as craniovertebral angle (CVA) and the angle less than 49 degree was considered as FHP. Reposition error of target angle (50% range of motion) and neutral angle in sagittal plane with close eyes in sitting posture was evaluated with motion analysis system. The absolute and constant error of repositioning were analyzed by independent t-test.Results: Absolute error did not show significant difference between two groups (P>0.05), but constant error of neutral angle when return from forward flexion showed significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Also a significant correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and CVA. This means that increase in BMI could result in decrease of CVA (P<0.05).Conclusions: Results of the present study indicated that subjects with FHP had more repositioning error in some cervical movements related to the healthy individuals.

Objective: The plantar sensory impairments has an impact on the balance. Therefore, textured insoles are used to improve foot sensation and balance. The majority of the literature has only focused on the intervention applied to the plantar surface; no adequate attention was paid toward other area of the foot such as dorsum surface. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of textured insoles on ankle proprioception and balance.Materials & Methods: 16 females, 14 males with the history of falling during the last year were recruited in this study. They were randomly tested in four different conditions: textured insole, textured collar and tongue, placebo insole, and no insole. Ankle joint position sense and balance tests including “forward reach test” and “timed up and go” were carried out by all participants. All data were recorded and analyzed using “repeated measure ANOVA”.Results: Participants did the ankle joint position sense with smaller errors while using textured insole (P<0.01). The recorded time showed a significant reduction when textured insole used over the dorsal surface and around the ankle, in timed up and go test (P<0.01).Conclusion: It has been postulated that using the textured insole in different instep area of a shoe could improve the somatosensory sensation, functional balance and proprioception.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the motor skills and the body balance in children with special disorders (Intellectual disability (ID), autism and learning disorder (LD)) with normal children (NC).Materials & Methods: The present study was a descriptive-comparative (cross- sectional) research. The statistical population were children with special needs in Mashhad out of which 120 children including 30 NC, 30 children with LD, 30 children with autism and 30 with ID (mean age of 7.7 years old) were selected through staged clustered random method. To measure the motor skills of these children, 3 measurement scales were used: gross and fine motor skills measurement scales and body balance skill measurement. The descriptive and analytical statistical indices such as mean, standard deviation, multi-variable variance and Manova were used for data analysis.Results: There was a meaningful difference in the gross and fine motor skills and body balance skill, (P<0.0001), between the NC and ID, autism and children with LD. Also, children with learning disorder obtained the maximum points in all of the skills and autism children acquired the minimum points.Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, motor skills and body balance of children with learning disorder, autism and Intellectual disability is weaker than normal children. This indicates the need for increased education of children with special needs at younger age.

Objective The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of group play therapy on the social skills of pre-school hearing-impaired children.Materials & Methods The present research was a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design and control group. The participants were 30 male hearing-impaired children from pre-schools centers in Varamin and Gharchak provinces who were selected using available sampling method. Subjects were randomly divided into experimental and control groups, each group consisted of 15 children. The experimental group received 12 sessions of group play therapy and the control group did not. The instruments were done using the Raven coloure progressive matrices test and social skills rating scale. The data were recorded and statistically analyzed using MANCOVA.Results The results of MANCOVA showed that group play therapy had a significant effect on the social skills of hearing-impaired children (P<0.001). The results also revealed that group play therapy had a posi tive and significant effect on all subscales of social skills in these children: cooperation, self-assertiveness and self-control (P<0.001).Conclusion Group play therapy can improve the social skills of hearing-impaired children. It is recommended to pay serious attention for planning play therapy for hearing-impaired children.

Objective Falling is one of the major problems in the elderly and it is considered as one of the “Geriatric Giants”. Recurrent falls are an important cause of mortality in this group and is a marker of poor physical and cognitive status. The aim of the present study is to compare the VNG (Videonystagmography) test results in adults with and without falls history.Materials & Methods 60 adults (30 with one or more falls history and 30 without any falls history) above 65 years old participated in this study. They performed the VNG subtests included saccade, gaze, smooth pursuit, positional nystagmus, spontaneous nystagmus and caloric at rehabilitation faculty of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. After post-test, SPSS software, version 19 was used for data analysis. The statistical indices such as mean and standard deviation were used for describing variables and the paired t-test was applied to compare conjugate variable. In order to compare abnormal data, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used.Results According to the data 74% of the faller group showed abnormal performance in the caloric subtest and more than 60% had abnormal results in the saccade, gaze and smooth pursuit subtests too (P>0.05). The members who suffered from central vestibular disorders had worse function than the others who suffered from peripheral vestibular ones.Conclusion The non- faller group had better performance than the faller group in all of the subtests which indicates better vestibular system status in this group. According to the results, VNG performance can help guide the clinicians in the development of a safe exercise program.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a modified Floor Reaction Ankle Foot Orthosis (FRAFO) design on gait performance in boy with cerebral palsy.Materials & Methods: In this study, one boy with diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) wore a modified FRAFO bilaterally for six weeks. Immediate effectiveness of the orthosis was evaluated after six weeks. The measured parameters including walking speed, cadence and stride length, plus hip, knee and ankle joints range of motion were recorded.Results: Cadence, stride length and walking speed were all increased when the boy with CP wore the modified FRAFO. The boy demonstrated a reduction in ankle ROM when using the modified FRAFO. The mean knee joint ROM was increased from 36.8±13.72 degrees when walking with an orthosis at baseline to 43.0±1.10 degrees when walking with an orthosis after six weeks. After 6 weeks of using modified FRAFO, hip flexion angle at initial contact and an extension shift during stance phase decreased.Conclusion: A modified FRAFO can improve gait parameters in children with cerebral palsy.