JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH
Year:2019 | Volume:16 | Issue:1 (58) |Papers Count:34

In this study, the problem of competition in freight transportation market is considered by applying a game-theoretic approach. The roadway and the multi-modal transportation systems, as two main logistic agents competing in the market, are investigated, where the latter consists of both roadway and railway transportation modes. Moreover, two different scenarios represented by flexible and inflexible railway organizations are regarded. The game structure of the first scenario is based on Nash equilibrium; while the second one has the Stackelberg (leader-follower) equilibrium structure. The transportation prices for both roadway and multi-modal systems and the travel time of multi-modal system are as the decision variables of the problem. For each of the two scenarios, the freight transportation market is modeled and based on that, the impacts of different technical and economic policies on the competitive market are analyzed. By applying the policy of increasing the fuel cost, the travel time of multi-modal system, and both demand and profit of roadway system are decreased. The policy of reducing loading/unloading costs in multi-modal system causes reduction in equilibrium transportation price of both systems, as well as reduction in demand and profit of roadway system. The policy of decreasing investment cost coefficient to improve the travel time of multi-modal system leads to reduction in demand and profit of roadway system. The policy of employing the modern trucks with low fuel consumption rate results in reduction of transportation price for both systems, and increase of travel time of multi-modal system. The obtained results of this study can be used for transportation policy regulators and managers, who provide the railway and roadway freight transportation services.

The occurrence of accidents or other incidents in the traffic flow is one of the factors that disturb traffic flow. As an accident happens, shock or turbulence is transmitted as a wave to the current flow of traffic, causing a change in speed, density, and ultimately resulting in delay. The purpose of this study is to investigate the traffic flow behavior and its changes through a shock or disturbance. In this study, three crashes were completely filmed on the Sadr highway at Shariati intersection in Tehran. All parameters of volume, queue length, queue growth, speed, delay, and density were calculated for all three locations. The results showed that the ratio of changes in traffic flow to changes in density as an independent parameter is effective in the wave-speed model. Four models were presented in this study. The assessment of the significant level values showed that except for the inverse model, the rest of the models have desirable values. From the remaining three models, the linear model thanks to its simplicity and higher F coefficient was selected as the final wave-speed model. According to the results, if the profile of a road is known and then an accident occurs, it can be predicted which locations the accident will affect. It is also possible to redirect the current traffic flow from the incident site to other routes and reduce the traffic load.

Investigating the effects of socioeconomic macroscale factors on road traffic fatalities is a useful step for adopting accurate economic decisions and reducing damages of these accidents in countries. But due to the distinct economic level and position of countries, these effects are different. This paper has paid to investigate the simultaneous relationship between gasoline price and GDP with traffic fatalities. The data used in this paper are the panel data of 91 countries spanning 2000-2014. In analyzing these data that applied separately for OECD and non-OECD countries, have used one of the proper models in econometrics titled "vector autoregressive model (VAR)". The results revealed in both groups of countries and with quite different trends, increase in gasoline price and GDP per capita significantly lead to decrease in traffic fatalities rate. This decrease is more especially about gasoline price in OECD countries. The reason for these results can be the removal unnecessary trips and increase in public transportation utility in effect of gasoline price increase and improve traffic safety conditions in effect of an increase in GDP.

The major cause of mortality in many of our country's cities is accidents involving heavy goods containing hazardous goods. These accidents cause a lot of social and economic costs. Safety of cargo vehicles is a multifaceted subject, and, in contrast to conventional road transport, is influenced by three categories of people, automobiles and the environment (such as roads and climates), it is significantly different from industrial needs, management policies, constraints and regulatory requirements, and regulatory actions Accepts. In most cities, passenger buses, corporate buses, and heavy goods vehicles containing dangerous goods (including trucks, trucks, trucks, tankers, trailers and trucks) are two groups of heavy goods vehicles containing hazardous goods in road and inland transportation. Despite their small share of the total number of vehicles on the roadways of the outskirts and inland roads, unfortunately, many of the injured, as well as the deceased, are related to crashes on one side, the two groups of heavy equipment containing dangerous goods (including Guilty or not. In general, in order to achieve safety at the time of cargo transportation, the characteristics and reasons for the crash of heavy goods containing dangerous goods must be identified and then measures to improve the safety of the equipment should be announced in order to determine, based on the findings, the best safety measures. In this regard, in the present study, due to the importance of the subject and the attempt to increase the accuracy of the study, questionnaires were designed and asked drivers of hazardous goods to complete the questionnaire. Finally, 319 completed questionnaires were obtained that were based on the calculations. After conducting interviews and interviewing drivers of hazardous goods, the problem was identified as social factors (such as age, education, and others with a weight of 0. 412), priority (1), psychological factors (such as attitude, legality, aggressive driving, driving Defensive with a weight of 0. 331. The second priority is legislative and regulatory compliance (with a weight of 0. 302), a third priority, a general education (with a weight of 0. 275), a fourth priority and economic factors (such as income, wealth, and other assets) became the fifth priority.

An ever increasing demand for using personal vehicles as means of transportation has turned the traffic congestion in to the most important problem in many metropolitan areas in the world. Environmental, social and economic impacts of traffic jams on human societies have urged the researchers to seek solutions to cope with this problem. Prediction of the daily volume of traffic is one of the solutions to the problem. The Traffic prediction helps the controllers to prevent the traffic congestion by taking appropriate decisions. In present study an Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) has been used as one of the artificial intelligence-based methods in predicting the volume of suburban daily traffic in the routes connecting the provinces in Iran. To increase the reliability of the estimations, the data were randomly applied to the ANFIS in three modes of training, testing and checking: The training set was used in model design, while the testing and checking sets were used for validation of the model. The designed model predicts the traffic volumes with 90% precision. It can, therefore, be concluded that ANFIS is an appropriate tool for predicting the volumes of daily suburban traffic, and authorities are suggested using this model in their planning and decisions.

Considering the financial and spatial limitations as well as the issues caused by environmental pollutions throughout the metropolitan city of Tehran, a need for employing travel demand models seems essential more than ever; in these models, the “ predict and provide” approach in terms of demand must change to “ predict and prevent” . Consequently the present study attempts to present the evolution cycle of travel prediction models along with offering a quantitative and qualitative comparison between the two importent trip-based and activity-based models. Furthermore, as constructing both the trip-based and activity-based models depend on socioeconomic aspects of individuals as well as their trip information, it is also attempted to suggest a suitable model for predicting the urban travel demands of Tehran, the implementations of which is deemed possible given its specific conditions. Investigations showed that activity-based models were a better means to analyze various policies on urban travel demands. Nonetheless, due to its numerous simplifications when modeling the concept of activity along with its big sample need for data, the origin-destination matrix obtained from trip-based models were closer to the transportation flow seen throughout the city compared to those obtained from activity-based model, This would yield results closer to reality.

Evaluation of the quality of urban transportation services is vital to improve productivity, profitability and customer satisfaction. All of the transportation organizations evaluate various parameters related to the quality of transportation services, such as performance, reliability, security, and convenience, on a regular basis. This evaluation can be done by customers, service personnel and transportation experts. Since the assessment of the quality of the metro lines has not been carried out in Iran by fuzzy MCDM method, in this paper, we present a hybrid approach for evaluating the service quality of metro lines in Tehran based on SERVQUAL and fuzzy TOPSIS. Our proposed approach consists of two steps. The first one involves development of a SERVQUAL based questionnaire to collect data for measuring transportation service quality and in the second step; fuzzy TOPSIS method is used to select the best alternative. Fuzzy TOPSIS generates an overall performance score for each alternative. The alternative with the highest score is finally chosen. The final ranking results show that the red metro line is the best of four metro lines in terms of service quality, followed by green line, yellow line and blue line.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of coal waste ash and rice husk ash on mechanical properties of the stone matrix asphalt mixtures. In this study, of coal waste ash and rice husk ashes was used as a substitute for limestone powder in percentages (0 %, 25 %, 75 %, 75 % and 100 %)in the stone matrix asphalt mixtures. also to prevent drain down of this mixture, the cellulose fibers and SBS polymer fibers were used. in order to investigate the performance characteristics of mixtures the Marshall stability test, Resilient modulus, indirect tensile strength, moisture sensitivity, dynamic creep, and wheel tracking tests were performed. the results showed that the replacement of rice husk ash with limestone powder has improved the performance characteristics of the mixture. While the use of coal waste ash is only enhanced the moisture sensitivity of mixtures and it has a negative effect on the performance properties of mixtures.

This study aims to identify and prioritise the effective factors to attract liners shipping to Shahid Rajaie Port, which has been carried out in two stages. In the first stage, a comprehensive literature has been conducted to identify important factors on the port selection from of maritime transport and shipping company’ s point of views. A questionnaire was distributed among a large sample and then fully effective factor were identified. In the second stage, AHP model was utilised to prioritise the identified factors. The results indicate that ship’ s time in port, suitable draft, large auxiliary services and quality, safety and environmental issues, proximity of the port to the main maritime routes, port efficiency as transshipment center and loading and unloading costs, port charges and dues, international policy, berth length were ranked respectively as ten effective factors in attracting liner shipping to Shahid Rajaie Port.

Sea transportation is more important for cost savings, and it is the basis of the world's transportation. This paper examines the effects of changes in oil prices and volume of containerized goods on the cost of shipping in the three main routes of East-West Container using the Generalized Torque (GMM) method during 1995-1995. The results indicate that Brent crude oil prices, oil price changes, rental rates, and the Baltic index have a significant positive impact on shipping costs. But the volume of containerized goods has had a significant and significant impact on the cost of shipping. Oil prices also have a much higher impact on maritime shipping in container trade. Today, there is widespread question about the increasing and uncertainties of the rates in world trade and transportation costs, which are of particular importance, especially in developing countries, the costs of international transport, are relatively high and it creates the possibility that the surplus of demand in sometimes it is impossible to provide. In other words, high shipping costs are an obstacle to providing customers with a surplus in global trade for developed economies.

Given the changing nature of public issues, the need for change in the policy making style seems necessary. Closed Policy making is not in line with the current situation and worrying about its outcomes leads to provide new approaches to policy issues, that one of them is Open policy making. Transportation is one of the main symbols of the development of each country and Establishing and implementing appropriate policies in the field of transportation will enhance the safety of the country. Finding appropriate and effective policies to improve safety in the transportation sector of the country is essential. In this context, the use of new policy tools and frameworks that provide the conditions for improvement is good and useful. This paper emphasizes the need for policy making in this section while paying attention to the policy making in the transport sector and the importance of the issue of safety on the other hand. Despite the formation of institutions in the country for policy in the field of transportation, it is observed, first, that the three major factors in road accidents, including road, vehicle and driver, are underestimated, and secondly, the role of macro policy as a strategic issue in the perspective of these institutions is not properly organized. This research proposes an open policy framework using the Grounded theory and analyzes its outcomes and outcomes. Data analysis in three stages of open coding, selective coding and axial coding shows that open policy making should be the policy making networks as the main strategy, technological factors, legal-legal factors, upstream institutions and cultural factors as the underlying factor Environmental factors, political factors and social factors as policy-making interveners.

The daily increasing of the numbers of passengers and the need of traveling by air and rapid changes in air transportation industry has arisen problems in location airports that need using a special knowledge and technology in building airports and aviation facilities. Establishing airports and regarding its special conditions as having the necessary capacity space and being near the city needs special investing, surveying and studying its economical social, political and ecological aspects environment, also its geographical location and its geology and must be considered. The main aim of this survey is to analysis Esfahan Shahid Beheshti International Airport, by using the field and analytical models (observation) and AHP model standard Civil Aviation Organization Indexes (ICAO­ ). The available consequences show that the location of this Airport has not been observed­ , due to the environment ecology and it nearness to the military air base.

The process of soil stabilization refers to changing the physical properties of soil in order to improve its strength, durability, or other qualities. Typically, this is important for road construction, and other concerns related to the building and maintenance of infrastructure. Soil that has been stabilized will have a vastly improved weight bearing capability, and will also be significantly more resistant to being damaged by water, frost, or inclement conditions. Soil stabilization a general term for any physical, chemical, biological, or combined method of changing a natural soil to meet an engineering purpose. Improvements include increasing the weight bearing capabilities, tensile strength, and overall performance of in-situ subsoil's, sands, and other waste materials in order to strengthen road surfaces. In this research the physical and mechanical tests such as Atterberg Limits, Proctor compaction test, unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio was investigated with different cement and nanoparticle content and optimum nanoparticles was obtained. The results showed that liquid limit and plasticity limit of the soil stabilized with cement and nanoparticles were increased, thus leading to increased plasticity index. Furthermore, the Proctor compaction test results showed that an increase in the nanoparticles resulted decrease in the optimum moisture content and an increase in the maximum drying density. The results of unconfined compressive strength and CBR tests showed that adding nanoparticles even slightly improved mechanical properties combined soil-cement the desired results in geotechnical engineering for the implementation of development projects. The results of this research also show that failure strain of specimens by adding cement and Cement-Nano have been reduced however strain failure can increase with time of production. Using the information obtained from this research is clear that nanoparticles can be the perfect choice to remediation of problematic sugared soil.

Roller-compacted concrete (RCCP) is a zero-slump and stiff-dry mixture which is usually placed with an asphalt paver and compacted by conventional vibratory roller compactors to achieve the required density. Typically, the RCCP is constructed without joint. It needs neither forms nor surface finishing, nor does it contain bar reinforcing and dowels. Consequently, considering a proper mix design, load transfer can be achieved through aggregate interlock. Nevertheless, RCCP can be reinforced with fibers in order to improve the durability, flexural strength, load transfer capacity, and so on. Accordingly, this research was conducted to study the effects of fibers on the mechanical properties of RCCP and present a prediction fatigue model based on third-point beam fatigue test. Based on three-point bending test results on notched beam, fiber, cement, and water linearly affect the flexural strength. However, fiber tended to influence the fracture energy more significantly than flexural strength. It was found that stress ratio, fiber content and fracture energy was the significant term to predict fatigue life, respectively.

According to the national vision of the country twenty years, the overall economic policies of resistance to jihadist approach, flexibility, opportunity, and leading was notified. The overall economic structure of the resistance from the Leader of the heads of the three branches and the head of the Expediency Council was notified on 24 paragraphs. Therefore, Paragraphs 3, 5, 10, 11 overall economic policy of strength in the location, survey, installation and support of recycling and papers of ships and authorities is considered the supreme leader. So, the first segment of this paper, the author endeavors to describe about the required Conventions related to the safe and sound ship recycling activities. The IMO has in 2009 adopted the Hong Kong International Convention in this regards, the Hong Kong Convention needs to be ratified by at least 15 major flag and recycling countries in order to enter into force. In March 2010, the Parties of the Basel Convention adopted the assessment which was submitted by the EU as "An assessment of the link between the IMO Hong Kong Convention for the safe and environmentally sound recycling of ships, the Basel Convention and the EU waste shipment regulation". After reviewing the related Conventions, the next part of this article is designated to evaluate the creation of a ship recycling yard at the Iran Southern Ports with a focus on the Arvand Free Zone in order to increase the Iran’ s economic growth. It should be noted that in this research, the Kolmogorov – Smirnov test was used to test for normality of the distribution, samples are standardized and compared with a standard normal distribution. As result of that for the statistical hypothesis test which the test statistic follows a Student's t-distribution under the null hypothesis, therefore the research variables verified by the Binomial test.

The prime coat is used to create a layer of bitumen to seal the base layer surface in road pavements, protecting under-layers from water intrusion, binding the surface material, enhancing adhesion between unbound and asphalt layers, and preventing slippage between them. The presence of the solvent improves penetration of prime coat material through facilitating the capillary action. Because of environmental aspects, in this study, the cationic emulsion is produced with two different solvents, namely Kerosene and bio-solvent, with three different quantities, 0, 7, and 12 percent by emulsion. Penetration of emulsions in compacted base layer material was evaluated in dry and wet condition. The results showed that the amount of solvent had a remarkable influence in the penetration of emulsion and the solvent-containing emulsions had better penetration than emulsion without solvent. Also, aggregate type and their moisture content had a significant effect on the penetration of emulsion, so that the penetration in wet calcareous aggregates was more than dry calcareous and wet and dry siliceous aggregates.

Today, given the rapid and intense changes in the international economic environment, none of the theories for the cause of trade in countries and the reason for the success of a country in a particular industry, and the ability of a country to maintain its competitive position in the long run is not sufficient and responsive and the need to provide a theory One that can overcome the comparative advantage in terms of the reasons for the competitiveness of an industry globally. This theory should be able to explain the country's achievement of competitive advantage in all its dimensions, taking into account the dynamics of today's competitive environment. A theory that can meet all of the requirements and requirements above is the "Diamond of the National Competitive Advantage of Michael Porter". Awareness of the advantages and disadvantages of domestic and foreign industries can help to better understand the capabilities and potential of the industry. The type of research, development and in terms of exploratory-descriptive purpose, qualitative research data, the field of field research, the time period of the cross-sectional research, the method of data collection is a survey type. The overall results of the research show that all components of the Michael Porter national diamond model in the ports and the northern heights of Bushehr have shown a good and competitive situation in terms of the respondents' perspective, which made it possible to achieve a competitive advantage for this port. The need to maintain and develop the competitive advantage of the research industry depends on the timely delivery of the comments and suggestions provided in interviews and surveys.

Modification of binder with various additives is a very common method for improving its behavior. Crumb rubber is one of the additives which increase the rutting resistance of binder. The main objective of this study is to identify the factors affecting the resistance characteristics of binder regarding rutting and optimization of this parameter by modeling its behavior at 64° C using crumb rubber. For this purpose, optimum Design of Experiments (DOE) method, i. e. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was utilized taking into account four factors, including mixing temperature, mixing time, mixing speed and content percentage (by weight) of crumb rubber, as well as one response, rutting parameter. As a result, 30 modified binder samples were produced and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) test was conducted on the unaged samples. Results show that developed models have good prediction accuracy and the content of crumb rubber is more effective rather than other factors and the interaction of them. For optimization of rutting parameter, considering the mixing temperature and mixing speed at a low level and mixing time at a high level, the maximum rutting parameter could be achieved in a certain content percentage of crumb rubber.

Revenue risk is the most important risk in PPP highway. In this paper it is introduce a financial model for choosing concessioner revenue risk guarantee. It includes BOT-Annuity, step BOT-annuity, inflation increase Payment. It is possible with this to comparing budget burn to government, minimum and maximum payment, robustness against financial stress test, impact of traffic, affordability for government and possibility for implication. This is used for two Iranian highways Ardakan-Mehriz, Shiraz-Boshehr. The first project does not have enough yearly traffic volume, so it is hardly to use any of mentioned revenue methods. In contrast, the second one, it is possible to use individual or mix of those methods. For this, in BOT-annuity, it should be paid 7177 Milyard Rial yearly. If it is proposed step payment, it needs to be paid at least 301 Milyard Rial for first five years. At the end it will cost 21402 Milyard Rial for government. The other opportunity is inflation model the total government expenditure will be 5742 milrad Rial and start with 581 Milrad Rial for first year of operation. So, step payment could be the best approach for these kinds of projects.

One of the most important hazards in the transportation of petroleum products is road accidents, which can have devastating effects on the environment and safety on the roads. By using risk assessment techniques, you can evaluate the route conditions and how to carry the material, and identify and control it before causing an accident. In evaluating risk, one of the most important issues is the judgment of individuals in the assessment, which can affect the way of evaluation. Therefore, in this paper, it has been attempted to identify the parameters that are effective in the risk of occupational health hazards and the environment of transportation of petroleum products, and then using decision models (DEMATEL_ANP) to program and evaluate parameters in a fuzzy environment. To minimize the impact of judges' judgment. In this research, considering the parameters such as the position of the warehouse, the car carrier, type of material, environmental complications and the type of road and the road safety layers and conditions of the driver were considered. The weighting of the effective risk parameters is determined by the ANP model and the risk level is determined based on the WILLIAM FINE method.

There is no perfect and precise procedure when selecting the type of road pavement, but you must take many factors into account when choosing the type of street pavement, here are some of them: traffic density, cost, type of soil, climate conditions, materials, durability, repair and maintenance, and environmental issues. This research aimed to technically and economically evaluate and compare Rolled compacted concrete, with Asphalt pavement. In this study, we used hierarchy analysis model and fuzzy hierarchical analysis model for technical comparison, and Executable map issued by department of transportation of Mazandaran province, for economic comparison. These criteria include pavement effective life time, effective exploitation, durability, resistance, performance speed, performance procedure, cost of performance (economical), repair and maintenance, and environmental issues for technical comparison. Finally, hierarchy analysis model and fuzzy hierarchical analysis model, dually compared and showed that Asphalt pavement with less weight took the second place, and Rolled compacted concrete with almost three times more weight took the first place as the better pavement and better choice. Prioritizing technical parameters in hierarchy analysis model and fuzzy hierarchical analysis model were as follows: durability as the first priority, resistance as the second, cost as the third, effective life time effective exploitation as fourth, repair and maintenance as fifth, environmental issues as sixth, performance speed as seventh, performance procedure as the last one. Comparing economical cost of Rolled compacted concrete with Asphalt pavement according to executive map issued by General Directorate of roads and urban development of Mazandaran Province, showed that performing Rolled compacted concrete costs 45% less than asphalt pavement.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate human development and some economic factors affecting the shadow price of road accidents in Iran's economy. So this study analyzes this relationship in the form of econometric methods ARDL for (1992-2015) period. The results of this study suggest that the improvement in the level of human development reduces losses from accidents and consequently reduces the shadow price of road accidents. Also the results of this study suggest that it can be claimed that GDP and shadow price of road accidents and casualties associated with each other. This relationship shows that with economic growth, the shadow price of the road casualties' increase and after reaching a milestone, the price of shadow road casualties will reduce. In other words, this is the inverse U Kuznets curve relationship that is applied truly for Iran in relation to the shadow price of the road casualties and GDP. Another result obtained in this study, shows the negative relationship between the investment variable in transportation infrastructure with road casualties shadow prices and positive relationship between the numbers of vehicles with road casualties shadow price.

The behavior of the asphalt mixture depends on the characteristics of asphalt binder, aggregate, filler and mixing design. One of the effective parameters in improving the behavior of asphalt mixtures is to modifying the asphalt binder properties using mineral additives. Accordingly, in this research, we tried to study the behavioral properties of asphalt mixtures made with modified asphalt binder with a type of natural zeolite called Clinoptilolite. For this purpose, this material has been used in two percent mass of asphalt binder (2 and 4 percent). In order to investigate and determine the dynamical properties of base asphalt mixtures and modified resilience of the modulus of experiment with indirect tensile strength, fatigue life by indirect tensile fatigue test and rutting potential using repetitive axial loading have been used. The results obtained in this study indicate that the use of this additive has reduced the asphalt binder thermal sensitivity and increased the viscosity and hardness of it, increasing the modulus and the number of loading cycles that led to failure of asphalt samples. Also, the use of zeolite reduces the final deformation in repeated loading experiments and increases the fatigue life of asphalt mixtures. By increasing the amount of Clinoptilolite from 2 to 4% of asphalt binder mass, the modulus of resilience of asphalt samples increases the elastic properties of the specimens and increases the ability to withstand stress. With increasing temperature, the presence of Clinoptilolite in the samples has led to a reduction in the modulus reduction rate and an increase in the depth of their roughness less than the control samples. This, in turn, reduces the thickness of the asphalt process, reduces the probability of occurrence of the slip phenomenon at high temperatures and reduces cracks caused by fatigue at medium and low temperatures.

One of the main indicators of economic development of countries is the existence of a suitable transport field and, despite the lack of proper deficiencies or inefficiencies, especially in the road network, growth and development will not be possible because the road section is considered as the main transport part and always accounts for more than %90 Transport has been formed. In addition, the share of the road section of GDP in recent years has been around %7, which is about %90 of the value added to the entire transportation sector. Therefore, in this research, the effect of natural disasters and eventful flood events on the roads of the country and its effects on the economic growth of this section have been studied in this period. The present study aimed to investigate the significant relationship between natural disasters and value added to the road transport sector. For this purpose, the also model and the Views software have been used to examine the relationship. The results indicate a reverse relationship between natural disasters and economic growth and its coefficient in the model was negative-0. 03, which is significant at% 5 level, indicating that with increasing disasters the economic growth of the country decreases. Therefore, the results show that there is a significant relationship between natural disasters and economic growth.

The aim of this study is to provide a model for measuring structural capital using identified factors in Yazd railway organization in order to manage this investment in a better way. This research in terms of purpose is applied research and in terms of methodology is descriptive survey research that due to the low population it has been surveyed by census. The data collection instrument is a research made questionnaire that its validity is through the validity of the structure and the content and its reliability is approved by Cronbach's Alpha and the composite reliability. For data analysis, structural equation modeling was used with the help of Smart-PLS software. The results confirmed the hypothesis that according to it the provided model with the five-factor evaluation, including knowledge management, processes, innovations, culture and organizational structure was approved.

Management and speed reduction in accidental areas are among the factors influencing road safety, which can lower the rate of accidents. Relaxation measures are among the factors affecting the reduction and management of speed. Non-standardized use of relaxation measures can cause incidents and adverse consequences and impose significant damage on the transportation network. Therefore, by assessing the relaxation measures on the flow velocity and obtaining a spatial range, suitable speed control techniques can be found in the accident areas. In this study, the effects of relaxation measures on the speed of operation in the installation site and the piece after the installation of measures in free flow conditions have been investigated. The velocity changes in the three phases of the speed of the previous unit and the installation site, the speed of the next piece and place of installation, the speed of the previous piece and the later part were examined. Data analysis was done by statistical methods. Data analysis was done by statistical methods. Correlation coefficient and dependent t test were used for data analysis. According to the results of these tests, at 95% confidence interval there is a correlation and correlation between the speed of operation and the speed of the gear with its predecessor, there is a significant difference between the speed of the work piece before and after the speed. The performance of the next piece with the piece before the field has no correlation and correlation, and there is no significant difference between the speeds of performance of these two pieces. The functional speed of the next piece with the piece before the camera has no correlation and correlation; there is no significant difference in the performance of the piece before and after the installation of the camera.