JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Year:2019 | Volume:18 | Issue:80 |Papers Count:15

Background: studies have shown the effectiveness of compassionate therapy and integrating religious and Islamic teachings with psychotherapies. So can integration with Islam increase compassionate therapy effectiveness? Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of compassionate therapy adapted to Islamic teachings with classical compassionate therapy on self-compassion in patients with breast cancer. Method: The method of this study, was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with control group. The study population consisted of 45 patients referred to the oncology ward of Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital in 1397 who were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly divided into three groups: Islamic Compassionate therapy, Classical Compassionate therapy and Control. Treatment sessions were conducted over eight 90-minute sessions on Classical compassion therapy group (based on Guilbert “ 2010” ) and Islamic compassionate therapy group (based on the author-made protocol). To collect data, Self-compassion scale (Neff, 2003) was used and data were statistically analyzed by Mancova method. Results: The Results showed although both treatments were effective in improving the variables studied, Islamically-adapted compassionate therapy was more effective in improving self-kindness component of self-compassion(P value=0/005). Conclusions: integrating Islamic teachings can increase effectiveness of compassionate therapy and this integration can be a suitable psychotherapy for breast cancer patients.

Background: Pain Catastrophizing and pain anxiety are important variables in chronic pain perception, but little is known about their role in pain intensity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of pain catastrophizing and pain anxiety in predicting pain intensity in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Method: This study was a correlational study. From women with rheumatoid arthritis referring to Imam Khomeini Hospital and private clinics in Tehran, 100 patients were selected using convenience sampling method. Instruments used in this study included the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (Sullivan et al, 1995), the Pain-Anxiety Symptom Scale (McCracken et al, 1996), and the Visual Analogue Scale. Results: The results showed that pain catastrophizing and pain anxiety significantly predicted pain intensity in women with rheumatoid arthritis. The standardized regression coefficient for pain catastrophizing was 0/51 (P<0/001) and for pain anxiety was 0/30 (P<0/01). Conclusions: Pain catastrophizing and pain anxiety can increase chronic pain in women with rheumatoid arthritis by increasing their pain intensity. Therefore, these factors need to be considered in the management and treatment of these patients.

Background: Family is the most important element in society and couples are the basis for forming and the kernel of families. A successful society treats couples and family tranquility as matters of utmost importance. If for any reason dissatisfaction and conflict are caused in marital relationships, it might set the basis for failure and anguish and phenomena like skepticism, emotional abuse, hostility and scolding and lowering the couples’ mental health, but could we increase their marital satisfaction and happiness using the emotion regulation based on cognitive-behavioral approach training package? Aims: The current research was conducted towards the goal of teaching emotion regulation abilities based on cognitive-behavioral approach and its effectiveness on marital satisfaction and couples’ happiness. Method: This is a semi-experimental research with single group pretest– posttest. The sample group was chosen as available so 66 persons of the couples (with 32. 27 years average and standard deviation of 3. 71 years) took part in 7 2 hours sessions of anger management workshop. These couples were chosen from parents of students in Tehran city private schools whom were available. This study was done as semi-experimental with single group pretest posttest. In the workshops, we used the revised version of Fireworks Program (Smith, 2004). Oxford Happiness Inventory (Argyle, Martin & Crossland, 1989) and Hudson Index of Marital Satisfaction (1992) were used to collect the data. Results: Results of covariance analysis showed that training has significantly increased emotion regulation abilities, happiness and marital satisfaction. These difference are in such a manner that average of sample group has been increased in Happiness Inventory (p> 0/05) and in Index of Marital Satisfaction which higher score means more marital problems, has decreased (p> 0/05). Conclusion: This means teaching emotion regulation abilities is a proper way to reduce family conflicts and increase happiness in couples.

Background: One of the problems that female teachers experience is the conflict between work and family and vulnerability to emotional problems and depression is one of the consequences of this conflict. But can emotional therapy be effective in treating this depression? Aims: The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on reducing depression in female teachers. Method: The design of this study is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. Data gathering tool is Beck Depression Inventory. The statistical population of the study was all female high school teachers in Qazvin in 1396. The sample consisted of 30 female teachers employed in secondary school, who were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 10 treatment sessions based on a researcher-made protocol (1397). Depression questionnaire scores were compared before and after the intervention in both experimental and control groups using analysis of covariance. groups. Results: The results of covariance analysis showed a significant difference in the depression score between the experimental and control groups and the effectiveness of emotionally-focused therapy on depression in female teachers. (p<0/001). Conclusions: Based on this, it can be said that the current treatment protocol is effective and can be used to reduce depression in female teachers.

Background: Functional education is one of the criteria and indicators of success and efficiency of education system in societies. The design and development of functional learning materials should be based on individual, family, group, and social characteristics and needs, so as to ultimately lead an independent life. Given the problems of expressive language, such as writing language in the slow paced of students with Down Syndrome, can the use of functional written language improve their communication and social self-efficacy skills? Aims: The aim of this study was survey the effectiveness of family based functional educational program on writing Skills of slow paced children with Down Syndrome. Method: This is a quasi-experimental study (pretest – posttest with control group). 30 slow paced students with Down Syndrome studying in special schools in Tehran were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated of 10 sessions of 45-minutes researcher-made family based educational program (2017) and both groups evaluated in the pre-test and post-test stages by the Reading and Writing scale of Shirazi and Nilipoor (2011) was used to evaluate writing skills of children. Results: The results showed that the family-based functional educational program has led to an increase in the mean scores of the transcription and spelling test participants' writing skills compared to the control group(p≤ 0/001). Conclusions: Therefore, it can be argued that the family based functional educational program is an effective way to improve the writing skills of students with Down Syndrome.

Background: Stroke can cause impairments in patients’ cognitive abilities. Using Neurologic Music Therapy in cognitive rehabilitation of these patients has been recommended. The Question is if this treatment can really help cognitive rehabilitation in stroke patients. Aims: The purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of Neurologic Music Therapy in cognitive rehabilitation of stroke patients. Method: In this quasiexperimental study with control group, using purposive sampling model, 30 stroke patients who had been referred to Firoozgar hospital were selected and then they were non-randomly assigned to 2 groups with 15 participants in each. The participants of experimental group participated in 14 Neurologic Music Therapy sessions. The handbook of Neurologic Music Therapy has been published in 2014 by Thaut and Hoemberg. The participants of control group only received the standard treatments. To measure the cognitive skills of the participants, Montreal Cognitive Assessment test was used which is developed by Nasreddine et al in 2005. Data were analyzed by mixed ANOVA. Results: The results showed that cognitive abilities in participants of experimental group had become significantly higher than participants of control group (p=0/001). Conclusions: It means that Neurologic Music Therapy can help improve cognitive abilities of stroke patients.

Background: Evaluations indicate low levels of quality of life in people with HIV. Can Acceptance and Commitment Therapy improve quality of life for these patients? Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of group therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on enhancing quality of life in people with HIV. Method: The research method was experimental with pretest-posttest with control group and follow up design. The statistical population included 42 men with HIV in Alborz province who were volunteered to participate in this project in spring 98. Twenty patients were selected by random sampling and were divided into intervention and control groups (n=10 each). The intervention group participated in 12 weekly intervention sessions. The sessions were based on the Einberg (2016) Package. The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (Cohen et al, 1995) was administered in two groups. Mixed ANOVA was performed to evaluate the results. Results: The results showed that the effect of group therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on increasing quality of life (p= 0/029) was significant. The results were also significant in the physical (p= 0/024) and psychological (p= 0/007) subscales. But in the subscales of general attitude (p= 0/12), existential (p= 0/067) and support (p= 0/055) was not significant. Conclusions: As a result, using group therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy can improve the quality of life in people with HIV.

Background: Many factors are related to students 'academic achievement and much research has been done, but does media literacy relate to students' academic achievement motivation? Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between media literacy and academic achievement motivation of secondary school students in Tehran. Method: This is a descriptive-correlational study. From the statistical population of the second year high school female students of Tehran in the academic year 1396-1977, 50707 students, 500 were selected as the sample. Measurement tools in this study were Academic Achievement Motivation Questionnaire (Hermans, 1987) and Media Literacy Questionnaire (Considine, 1995). Pearson correlation and multiple regression were performed in a stepwise fashion. Results: The results showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between media literacy and academic achievement motivation (P≤ 0/005). Results of multiple regression analysis showed that components of the principle of honesty in cyberspace and media, avoiding insult and disrespect in cyberspace and media, hate violence in cyberspace and media, animal and environmental protection in cyberspace and media Able to predict motivation for academic achievement(P≤ 0/005). Conclusions: Media literacy and its components play an important role in motivating students 'academic achievement and can lead to improved students' academic achievement motivation.

Background: Numerous studies have shown the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and psychological disorders. This study seeks to determine whether Yang's coping styles can influence the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and eating disorders in individuals with personality disorders. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of Young's coping styles in individuals with personality disorders in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and eating disorder. Method: The research method is descriptive-correlational and in particular form of structural equation modeling. The statistical population includes all people with eating disorders who referred to counseling centers in Qom From this community, 234 people were selected as the sample group in a purposeful manner using the Millon scale ш . Research tools included the Young and Brown Schema Questionnaire (2003), Garner et al. (1982), Extreme Compensation, and Yang-Ray Avoidance (1994). The data were analyzed using structural equation method. Results: The results showed that the fit of the research model was favorable (GFI >0. 9) and both coping styles (extreme avoidance and compensation), The relationship between maladaptive schemas and eating disorders played a mediating role. Conclusions: So Young's coping styles play a mediating role in the effects of early maladaptive schemas on eating disorders in individuals with personality disorders.

Background: Research shows that meta-cognitive therapy affects a variety of variables and that female-headed households have difficulty with thought-control strategies, but the question is how does meta-cognitive therapy affect female-headed thinking strategies? Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on thought control strategies of women head of households in Tehran. Method: This research was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test with control group. Forty female heads of households were selected from Tehran household heads of households in the year 1977 and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes of Wells (2000) metacognitive therapy. Thought control strategies were measured using the Wells and Davis Thought Control Questionnaire (1994) and the data were analyzed using multivariate covariance. Results: The results of the covariance showed that metacognitive therapy had a significant effect on the increase of thought control strategies and the components of attention turnover, social control and reassessment of Tatir housewives (p≤ 0/001). Conclusions: Meta-cognitive therapy can be used to improve thought control strategies and its components, such as attention to return, social control, and reassessment of female-headed households.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disabling and chronic disease of the brain and spinal cord, causing a wide range of symptoms incuding muscle movement, balance and vision and leading to psychlogical disorders such as anxiety, depression and stress which have important consequences on lives of patints. But whether cognitive hypnotherapycould reduce the perceived stress and improve life quality of these patients? Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive hypnotherapy on reduction of perceived stress of patients with MS. Method: This research was a quasi-experimental study with pre, post and 2 months follow up test design with control group. The statistical population included 236 patients with replacing-remitting MS referred to a neurologist private clinic within period of January to June in the city of Tehran in 2018. Hence 30 patients among the statistical population were selected through convenience sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, then placed randomly into two equal experimental and control groups. Perceived stress of participants of both groups was measured by Cohen perceived stress scale (Cohen & et. al, 1983) in 3 stages of pre, post and follow up tests. Individualized treatment based on protocol of effectiveness of cognitive hypnotherapy on reduction of perceived stress of patients with MS (established by reearcher, 2018) was done for experimental group in eight weekly 1 hour sessions. Data were analyzed at two levels of descriptive and inferential. Results: The results showed that cognitive hypnotherapy significantly reduced the mean scores of positive, negative and total perceived stresses of experimental group(P<0/01). Conclusions: Based on the results, cognitive hypnotherapy intervention is an effective method for stable reduction of the perceived stress in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: The psychological dysregulation inventory is a powerful and multidimensional tool in identifying and diagnosing behavioral and mental health problems in adolescents. Therefore, study of its validity and reliability in adolescents is necessary. Aims: The purpose of the present research was to examine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of psychological dysregulation inventory among adolescents. Method: The research design was descriptive and it was a type of factor analysis, and the statistical population of this study was all students of Tabriz secondary school, a sample of 440 people was selected by cluster sampling. The data were collected by the psychological dysregulation inventory (Mezzich and colleague, 2001). Results: The reliability coefficients obtained for behavioral dysregulation, cognitive dysregulation, emotional dysregulation components and total scale, were respectively, 0/90, 0/88, 0/85 and 0/95, which indicate a good reliability. Results of Confirmatory Factor Analysis indicated that significant relationship between observed variables and the Latent structures confirmed, and the threefactor in this sample was appropriate fitness. Conclusions: The psychological dysregulation inventory among the adolescents has good reliability and validity, and use of this tool in future research is reliable.