CURRICULUM PLANNING KNOWLEDGE & RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES
Year:2016 | Volume:13 | Issue:21 (48)|Papers Count:23

Nowadays, more acquaintance of the educators and learners with findings from the neurology science relating to the teaching-learning processes is inevitable for human's effective education and his intellectual growth. The aim of the current systematic review has been to specify some insights of the neurology findings in order to influence the educational processes. In general, some internet searches was done by using the search engines and websites like Google scholar, Springerlink, and Science Direct and the key words include brain-based education, educational neuroscience, brain-based learning and their combinations. 176 articles, books and research reports resulted from the combination search of three key words were found. 1 00 articles, books and research reports were selected for the review study. Then they were divided into two groups: relevant and irrelevant and finally 41 articles, books and research reports were chosen and analyzed. Between the investigated articles, some basic insights were obtained. After omitting and merging the repetitive points, the results have shown in the conclusion. The most insights that had mentioned in the reviewed articles, were insights based on the "brain flexibility". Improving in the basic concepts of the neurology learning can help to the population members to answer the changes in their lives' conditions with the flexibility completely. Due to the necessity of cooperating and participating those involved in education and neurosurgety specialists, a serious interdisciplinary discussion is required to solve problems related to human and learning education.

Through the development of the environmental crisis, environmental education has become an integral part of the educational systems. Because the basis of the environmental problems is naturally interdisciplinary, multi-sectorial, and holistic, so theoretically it can be seen with different approaches and the related education to this can be considered from different views and approaches. Therefore, the purpose of the current study has been to identify and consider the environmental views and approaches and awareness of education thoughts, environmental curriculum and comparing them together and achieving a general classification in this field. This study has done by using descriptive and analytical method and a lot of references has been reviewed. The results show that type of attitude to the environmental problems causes different education and in a general classification, the environmental approaches are classifying into two groups: human-oriented and environment-oriented. And the curriculum approaches are classifying into two groups: technical & hardware and non- technical & software. In this classification, environmental education approaches can be considered in the group of non- technical, flexible, and human-oriented approaches of the curriculum.

The purpose of the present study was analyzing current and desired status of decision-makers in the process of designing and curriculum codification in Industrial Training. The research population included the educational managers of 258 industrial companies in Mashhad. 45 companies which had active and independent educational units were examined purposefully. 25 companies cooperated with the researcher. The method of the current research was descriptive-survey and the tools to collect data were researcher-made questionnaire. In this questionnaire, the decision authority of three key stakeholder groups in industrial education (the applicant unit of educational program, education and teacher units) was examined based on nine components of curriculum in two current and desired status in a ten-value spectrum. The data analysis was done by the T- Test and ANOYA. The results showed that most partnership in current status was by teachers and education unit had most partnership in desired status. Also the results showed that mean scores of partnership in every triple factors of decision makers was different with each other in current and desired status and the expected partnership for each of triple factors was more in desired status. In addition, the results of ANOYA showed that there was a meaningful difference between the mean scores of partnership in triple factors of decision maker in two current and desired status. Also the partnership of triple factors in the decision making in small, medium and large scale enterprises didn't have any differences with each other.

The purpose of this study is to strengthen the applied literature and present the objective computational sample of measure textbooks readability. This article is more than introducing existing methods. Measuring textbooks readability of the fourth and fifth grade of elementary schools reading books have been done by using the international prevalent computing methods of readability like: Flesch, Fry, Gunning, McLaughlin, Flesch-Kincaid, Powers-Sumner-Kearl to compare the results of these different methods then the validity of them was done. It is an analytical research in the type of evaluation. The findings showed that results of Flesch and Fry methods were similar and in both methods evaluated books were in accordance with their grades of elementary schools. The results of Gunning and McLaughlin methods in both grades of elementary schools were similar and they determined that "Reading Book" of the fourth grade is suitable for the first grade of the junior school and "Reading Book" of the fifth grade is suitable for the third grade of the junior school. The Powers-Sumner-Kearl and Flesch-Kincaid methods had less resolution as Powers-Sumner- Kearl method showed that both books in the fourth and fifth grades are appropriate for the second grade of junior school and the Flesch-Kincaid method illustrated that they are both appropriate for the first grade of high school. Therefore the Flesch and Fry methods have been the most coordinate with the current educational "Reading books" in the fourth and fifth grades of elementary school.

The present study has been done with the aim of studying the amount of observance the scientific principles in codification the goals of curriculum in graduate studies at the Isfahan University. This qualitative study was conducted as a case study. Its statistical society is all the members of Isfahan University faculty. 35 people were chosen by purposive sampling method as desired cases. The Research tool was semi-structured interviews. Data from the interview was analyzed by using categorization analysis. The results showed that to codifying goals the needs assessment has not been done, but more emphasis was on specialists views (Knowledge) also community needs, students' and other stakeholders' needs in higher education has not received enough attention. The Goals of curriculam was largely satisfactory at the level of knowledge, but producting knowledge has been least. Knowledge distributing (provide services) in goals was not satisfactory because community needs are not specified exactly. Entrepreneurship level in goals of curriculum has not been enough attended especially about its infrastructure and skills which needed to create entrepreneurship capacity building among students so the functions were weak in this scop.

The aim of present research was to consider the prevailing curriculum approach of Shahed University faculty with regards to the nature of specialized courses and their educational level (focus, adaptation, and differentiation). The research was done by using descriptive- analytical method in the survey type. A researcher-made questionnaire has been used based on Saad Shawer's view (Saad Shawer, 2010). Statistical population was 279 faculties of 8 departments of Shahed University, by using stratified random sampling, 161 people were chosen after computing the population size in subgroups of eight departments and two genders. Face and content validity of instrument has been confirmed by the experts and its reliability was 0.71 (cronbach's alpha coefficient). The statistical analysis of data has been done by indicators like mean, standard deviation, and also inferential tests: Independent-Sample T test, AN OVA, HSO (Tuky test), and Friedman. The findings showed that type of the nature of the scientific courses, updating the educational chapters, and the type of curriculum content performed in Phf) level for the faculties have effected on forming their prevailing curriculum approach and places in a spectrum from the careful observer of the educational chapters (focus) to the active in the curriculum field In university (differen tiation).

The purpose of this study is to examine the position of global citizen in "social studies" curriculum of the sixth grade of elementary school. The research method is descriptive in type of content analysis. The analysis units were selected by sentences and figures and pictures. The statistical population is "social studies" book of sixth grade in elementary school, 2013- 2014. Statistical sample in this study is equal to the population, "social studies" book of sixth grade in elementary school. The measurement tool in this study was Oxfam's global citizenship checklist. This checklist includes three main fields a) cognitive domain b) skill domain and c) attitude domain and 15 components. The validity was determined by the educational science experts. Also three independent coders were used to assess the reliability which their homology coefficients of their coding was 0.83.The descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data (frequency, frequency percent, and table). The results of the data analysis showed that %20.97 of all the sentences and pictures of the "Social Studies" Curriculum of sixth grade are related to the cognitive domain, %3.03 of them are related to the skill domain, and % 1.34 of them are related to the attitude domain.

Knowing the indication semantics of "must" in moral education from kant and theologians of justice perspective gives better understanding about individual relationships in proportion to their values and duties. This research has done by linguistic and deductive analysis approaches with theoretical sampling method from all available literature as total numbering. The data has analyzed by using thematic, coding and deductive classification system. Results has shown that kant is seeking essential and general knowledge for morality and achieving to this is only through wisdom and the motivation to do assignments. Theologians of justice believe that although wisdom can guide individual to know the musts, it's necessary to do actions for their ends. By establishing the ratio between "must" and goals of moral education, influenced factors on individual's practical conduct have been found. These components has extracted the indication of moral education in three domains, "goals", "teachers and parents role" and "individual role".

Present research has done by using content analysis in intellectual type of stories to show how philosophy for kids can achive its main goals, fostering critical thinking, in the stories which are in children's literature. As much as possible, the researcher tried to choose well- known stories for audiences and acceptable for critics, experts and writers of kids and teenagers literature and the movement of teaching philosophy for Children. For example Morteza Khosro nejad, Yahya Ghaedi's ideas have been used and to improve the philosophic level of stories, Mir Abdelhosien Naghib zadeh's idea has been used too. Purposive sampling is used for sample size. Studing stories stopped when researcher found out the repetitive points. The texts of stories were the analysis unit. The findings showed that the stories have the potential of developing critical thinking in their readers adequately and beautifully. Therefore, studying and discussing these stories by kids and teenagers can help the program of "philosophy for kids" and reaching better results.

The aim of the current study was to comparative evaluation of the amount attention to Mahdism concepts through Islamic education textbook of education system in Iran in the curriculum field. These subjects included the individual characteristics of Imam, the era before the appearance (the occultation era of Imam Mahdi), the reappearance era and post-reappearance era (the reign era). In this research, descriptive method has been used in the type of content analysis, with applied approach. The statistical population of the research was all the textbooks of the Islamic education which has published in education system in three educational periods (elementary, and the first and second levels of pre-high school) from 1951 to 2008. In the sample, there were 90 textbooks of the Islamic education which were selected by using the random sampling method which was avalible.The measurement tool was a researcher-made checklist of content analysis. The research results were analyzed by using the indicators of the descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential (independent Tvtest), and SPSS, version 20. The most common results of this research showed that there is a meaningful difference between the components related to Mahdismin in two periodsof time, before Islamic republic revolution (19.36) and after the Islamic republic revolution(26.64) in the level of p <0.05.

The purpose of the present study has been to determine the relationship between the educational infatuation, Creativity, and achievement with educational self- actualization based on mediation of educational seriousness. The method of the current research has been descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this research was all the students of Isfahan high schools in 2012-2013. There were 142380 students (61067 boys, 81313 girls). By using the multistage cluster random sampling method 382 people have been chosen. The research tools include 5 types of questionnaires: 1. the creativity questionnaire of Abedi containing dynamic, extension, initiative, and flexibility dimensions 2. A researcher-made questionnaire of educational infatuation comprising four aspects of declared educational motivation, expressed educational motivation, tested educational motivation, and listed educational motivation 3. A researcher-made questionnaire of Educational achievement including the entering education, undergraduate education and graduation aspects 4. A researcher-made questionnaire of educational seriousness; and 5. A researcher-made questionnaire of educational self-actualization. Cronbach's alpha (r) was used to consider reliability and the face validity was used to investigate the questionnaires validity. Generally the research results showed that there is a meaningful and positive relationship between the educational infatuation, Creativity, and achievement with educational self-actualization. The educational seriousness mediates the relationship between the triple- affective factors with educational self- actualization.

The aim of this study was to compare of the students' scores in high schools with extracurricular activities and no extracurricular activities in the Matson Evaluation of Social Skills and its components. Descriptive method in the Causal-comparative type is used. 346 participants were selected by using cluster sampling method from the statistical population of Shahre Kord students, which divided into two groups of "with extracurricular activities" and "no extracurricular activities". To collect data, the scale of Matson Evaluation of Social Skills (Matson, 1983) with 0.86 reliability coefficient and acceptable differential validity was used. The descriptive and inferential statistics based on SPSS-19 software were used to analysis the data. r- Test used to compare the difference between two means, levene's test used to check the equality of variances. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the students who have extracurricular activities and the students who have no extracurricular activities in the mean of total scale and its components including suitable social skills, antisocial behavior, aggressive and impulsive behavior, pride and selfish, and the relationship and interaction with peers.

The current study was done with the purpose of investigating the role of motivational constructs and information processing strategies in regulation of learning (learning self-regulated and external regulation). The data were obtained from 264 eleventh-grade students (138 female and 126 male) in Noor city by using a questionnaire consists of regulation of learning subscale (Verrnunt, 1998), Academic Self-Efficacy scale (Mccllory & Bunting, 2002), and the Interest Questionnaire in Studying (Schefele's et al, 1993) and learning strategies from Motivated Strategies for Learning (Pintrich &Degroot, 1994). The sample size was selected based on a multi-stage cluster random sampling. To analyze data, multivariate regression analysis has been used. The results obtained from applying Baron& Kenny's procedures showed that there is a significant relationship between academic self- efficacy and interest in studying with the deep and surface information processing strategies and also there is a significant relationship between information processing strategies and regulation of learning. Consequently academic self-efficacy and interest in studying can predict the regulation learning significantly through their relationship with the information processing strategies.

The aim of the present study is meta-analysis of the psychological - educational interventions on progressing the academic effectiveness in high school students. The statistical population included all theses and published researches in scientific-research journals in the field of high school student's academic achievements. The research sample included those researches which had methodological conditions. This study has been determined the effect size of psychological - educational interventions on high school student's academic achievements. Between 47 researches, meta- analysis has done by using 23 researches (acceptable by the methodology). The research instrument was a researcher-made checklist to extracting data based on 1819 cases. Data analysis was done manually. The meta- analysis results indicated that the effect size of psychological - educational interventions on high school student's academic achievements is d=O.668 (p=O.001). This effect size has moderate effect according to Cohen's table. At last, psychological - educational interventions have significant effects on high school student's academic achievements. And the researchers and authorities of education can use the models that have had the moderate or higher effect size on high school student's academic achievements.

Current study was conducted to investigate the relationship between teachers' Philosophical mindedness and curriculum orientations in high school in Zahedan city. This study is descriptive and correlational and its statistical population includes 894 high school teachers of city of Zahedan in 2012-13 academic years and finally 270 teacher of this statistical population were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling and by Cocran's formulation as statistical sample. Our data collection tools were included Philosophical mindedness questionnaire with 60 question and Cheung & Wong's curriculum orientation questionnaire with 30 question that reliability coefficient through Cronbach's alpha was 0/72 for Philosophical mindedness questionnaire and 0.86 for curriculum orientation questionnaire. The results of data analysis shows that there is positive and meaningful relationship between teachers' Philosophical mindedness and curriculum orientation and also Depths & Comprehensiveness are able to predict the teachers' curriculum orientation. Through data collected, there was a statistical meaningful difference between teachers' Philosophical mindedness in terms of gender, age and academic degree but this relationship in teachers' curriculum orientation wasn't meaningful.

The aim of present study was to identify the effectiveness of training courses of scholarship on the knowledge and teaching skill in Hamedan city elementary school teachers in 1390-91 school year, The sample size was determined by the Cochran formula 468 teachers were selected randomly who passed scholarship period (234 person) and the same number of teachers who didn't pass this period were selected using Matchingmethod. For both groups Researcher-made questionnaire of awareness of learning ideas, application of learning ideas, providing the learning opportunities and attitude to the role of proper evaluation methods were used. The tests Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of between 0.73 to 0.96. Data was analyzed using frequency distribution table and percentage and descriptive statistical tests using SPSS-19 software. Results showed that the average rank of learning ideas application, providing learning opportunities, attitude to the role of proper evaluation method of scholarship teachers are higher but there is no meaningful difference between the average awareness rank of learning ideas of scholarship and ordinary teachers. In total, it can be concluded that training courses of scholarship has been effective on the knowledge and teaching skill of teachers. Therefore, it is recommended that instructional periods should be continuing in this area.