In the third millennium the organizations competitive advantage are hidden in intelligence size, wisdom, knowledge, insightful science and human competency. In science based economy of current age, intellectual properties specially human resources are among the most significant properties of organizations and hidden success of organization has root in their intellectual properties. Every society interested in playing a significant share in third millennium and world challenges, should pay the way for people interested in expanding wisdom and growth of his intellectual capacity and essentially consider respect and interest to human excellence in his macro planning. From another perspective, many experts in management believe that future competitive advantages in the form of organizations abilities manifested themselves in information and knowledge management. In attainment of this goal, competency management is an important subject in knowledge management domain and management of knowledge management domain is a subset of human resource management. Therefore due to the role that this effective factor plays in organization success, in this article it is attempted somehow to review the theoretical bases of competency management. Since our country undergoes a critical period of economical, social and technological developments, it is necessary more than before to encounter the opportunities and control threads in current age. Management based on competency is defined well and its improvement mechanism recognized and with double attempts provide the fields to minimize incompetency in governmental systems and a state optimized administrative system and actualization of knowledge and competency based administrative system have been reaffirmed in 20 year perspective document.