TOLOO-E-BEHDASHT
Year:2018 | Volume:17 | Issue:3 (69) |Papers Count:10

Introduction: Statistical data show that although the birthrate has been several times higher than the mortality rate during the recent years in Fereydunshahr, the number of residents of this city has declined to a large extent. Therefore, this decrease was attributed to emigration. We conducted this study to evaluate the factors related to emigrations from Fereydunshahr city, Iran. Method: In this cross-sectional study we investigated 384 emigrants who had left Fereydunshahr during 2011-2015. In order to collect the participants, we found the emigrants' new addresses in the target locations. To hit this target, we made coordination with authorities by telephone calls or by personal visits. Later, we distributed the questionnaire on migration-related factors including six components of geographical and climatic, research and educational, political, social, economic, and religious factors. Data were then analyzed using SPSS version 20 and by running the descriptive statistics, t-tests, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Results indicated that the most important causes of emigration from Fereydunshahr city from the perspective of emigrants were economic factors, geographical and climatic factors, research and educational factors, social factors, political factors, and religious factors, respectively. We also found a relation between the demographic information of emigrants and their scoring method regarding the mentioned factors. Conclusion: Considering the results and the identified priorities in this research, the authorities are required to allocate resources and invest in agriculture, animal husbandry, and public transportation sections of this city. They also should provide convenient access roads to prevent emigration of the rural population. In addition, research and educational facilities should be promoted, private sector should participate and invest in the industry, and raw materials for agricultural and livestock breeding should be provided. Moreover, we need to consider the geographical and climatic conditions of the region (severe cold and snowfall during the cold seasons) and take the necessary measures to prevent emigration of the young population of this city.

Introduction: One of the applicable methods in determination of the nutritional status and health is surveillance and assessment of the physical growth. Growth disorder and malnutrition can be determined in children by monitoring their growth trend using growth indicators. The aim of this study was to investigate the height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) cutoff points of the 6-11 year-old children in the city of Yazd, Iran. Moreover, we compared the results with the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) standards. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we selected 2592 students in the age range of 6-11 years from 26 primary schools by cluster sampling. To collect the samples, all students of one class from each grade were selected in the academic year 2016-2017 in Yazd, Iran. Height, weight, and BMI of the participants were measured. We applied the LMS Chartmarker software to analyze the participants' height, weight, and BMI according to age and gender. Later, we compared the findings with those of the WHO standards. Results: Height, weight, and BMI percentiles of both genders were near to the NCHS standards. However, the 97th percentiles of height and weight for all boys as well as the 97th percentile of weight for 9-10 years boys were higher than the standard. Furthermore, all these percentiles were higher than the standard for girls of 7-11 and 9-11 years. The 97th percentile of BMI was also higher than the standard for both genders. Conclusion: Due to the differences observed among the curves of height, weight, and BMI. We recommend the authorities to use the norms of this study for 6-11 year-old children of Yazd.

Introduction: Jahadi management is a modern and indigenous model of management. On the one hand, it depends on science and experience and on the other hand, it relies on trust and intention of divine revelation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Jahadi management on the staffs' perception of organizational policies regarding the mediating role of organizational virtue. Methods: This applied and descriptive research was conducted on 480 staffs of Maybod Imam Jafar Sadiq Hospital. Based on the Morgan table, 214 people were selected by simple random sampling method. The participants were asked to complete the valid and reliable five-point Likert scale questionnaire containing 44 items. To analyze the hypotheses, we used the structural equation modeling using the Smart pls3 software. Results: The results of the analysis indicated the significant (t / value = 22. 7) and positive (80%) effect of Jihadi management on the organizational virtue. Furthermore, the organizational virtue had a significant (tvalue = 2. 5) and inverse (27%) effect on the perceptions of organizational politics. The organizational virtue variable also had a mediating effect of 50 percent. Conclusion: Jahadi management, as a new management method can improve the virtues, trust, empathy, and compassion in the realm of health. It also can reduce the destructive effects of political behaviors and their perception.

Introduction: Health and food safety is one of the most important factors in the prevention of foodborne diseases, However, due to insufficient knowledge and incorrect function, many people suffer from food poisoning. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of education on knowledge, attitude and practice of students in medical university towards food poisoning. Methods: This is a Experimental study that was carried out on 100 students of Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control, each of them included 50 students. The data collection tool was a questionnaire consisted of four parts that is validity and reliability was approved. Participants in the two groups filled out the questionnaire before intervention. Educational program was accomplished in experimental group by educational booklet and the data of the two groups were collected after two months of intervention. Results: The mean score of knowledge, attitude and practice of experimental group after intervention significantly increased (P=0. 001). A significant positive correlation among variables of knowledge, attitude and practice was observed as well (P<0. 001). Conclusion: Educational intervention is effective on the rate of knowledge, attitude and practice of students. According to the high prevalence of food poisoning that happens frequently due to living in dormitories or traveling, it is necessary to implement various and constant educational programs.

Introduction: Oral changes during pregnancy can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Pregnancy is a good time to educate women. Health Belief Model (HBM) is one of the best models for disease prevention. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of developing and evaluating a HBM-based educational program on oral hygiene behaviors among child-wanting women in Mehriz, Yazd Methods: In this experimental study, 164 child-wanting women referring to health care centers were selected by cluster sampling. Data collection instrument was a valid and reliable questionnaire based on HBM constructs Based on Finding from data analysis in pretest stage, educational programwas created and implemented in intervention group Two months after, the data were collected again and analyzed by inferential and descriptive statistics. Results: Participants attained 55. 61% of maximum possible score. Dental plaque index was 15. 41 ± 3. 20. The HBM constructs predicted 12. 4% of behavioral variance. After the educational intervention, all HBM constructs, except for perceived barriers, significantly increased. The dental plaque index decreased to 13. 98 ± 3. 45 after intervention. Conclusion: Women’ s dental plaque index and their oral health behaviors were not optimal but improved after the implementation of the educational program. The use of this model is recommended for the promotion of oral hygiene in women.

Introduction: Breakfast is one of the main meals helps students make learning easier. The aim of this study was to investigate determinants of consumer behavior Breakfast The students in grades four, five Six primary schools in city Abarkuh Based on the theory of planned behavior. Methods In a cross-sectional design, a total number of 327 students, 161Men and166Women entered in the study using cluster random sampling. Data were collected by a questionnaire which was designed based on TPB. Measure the validity was used to of the content and face validity by five expert opinions and Cronbach's alpha approved reliability of the questionnaire. Data were analyzed via SPSS software. Results: Means and standard deviations of TPB constructs were as following: Behavior (40/99± 6/53), attitude (18/27± 4/46), subjective norms(15/37± 3/64), perceived behavioral control(17/88± 6/09), behavioral intention(15/52± 4/83). Means and standard of breakfast consumption by students was(4/46± 1/12) in recent months and 2/4 percent of students were eat breakfast in recent months. Regression analysis revealed that Attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control significantly predict the breakfast consumering behavior and attitude was the strongest predictor. Also, regression analysis revealed that attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control significantly predict the behavioral intention. Conclusion: Whereas all the planned behavior predict behavior breakfast of One can conclude that higher pattern has been efficient in explaining consumer behavior Breakfast. Given that attitude was the strongest predictor, it is recommended that greater attention should be placed in intervention planning.

Introduction: By development of bacterial drug-resistance to traditional antibacterial drugs and fungal infections, the need to design, synthesis, and use of new and effective antibacterial and antifungal drugs is increased. Quinazolinone derivatives are heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen atoms that have pharmacological properties such as anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and antifungal properties. The aim of this study was to synthesize of new derivatives of dihydroquinazolinone and study of their antibacterial and antifungal properties. Methods: This research is an experimental work in which four dihydroquinazolinone derivatives were synthesized, by a new environmental-safe method and identified by various spectroscopic methods. Antibacterial activities of these derivatives were investigated against Escherichia coli gram-negative, and bacillus subtilis gram-positive in comparesion with amikacin. Antifungal activities of these derivatives were investigated against Aspergillusniger fungus and compared with ketoconazole. Both of antifungal and antibacterial activities of these synthetic compounds derivatives was checked by disk diffusion method with measuring the zone inhibition. Results: All synthetic dihydroquinazolinones that were synthesized in high yields and purity, showed good antibacterial and antifungal properties. The compound 1d 2-phenyl-2, 3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivative of these compounds showed more antimicrobial activitiesand antifungal comparable with the Amikacin and Ketoconazole standard antibacterial and antifungal drugs. Conclusion: Synthetic dihydroquinazolinone derivatives in this work have good antifungal and antibacterial activities. The higher antifungal and antibacterial activity of 2-phenyl-2, 3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivative can be related to more hydrophobicity of the phenyl group as a substitution in position 2.

Introduction: Because of many health benefits, production and cosumption of probiotic products was incresead worldwide. Viability of probiotic bacteria and sensory propperties are important factors in quality of probiotic yoghurt. Many factor can affect the sensory property and survival of probiotic bacteric in yoghurt. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the the viability of probiotic bacteria and sensory properties of two kinds of probiotic yoghurts. Methods: Two kinds of probiotic yoghurts named as MY 1821 and ABY3 were made using commercial starter culures according to manufacturer instruction. Viability of probiotic bacteria (lactobacillus acidophilus, bifidibacteria and lactobacillis casei) and sensory properties (flavour, mouthfeel, appearance and texture) of yoghut were assessed during 21-days at 7 days interval. statistical analysis was carreid out using T-test and ANOVA (repeated measure) in SPSS software. P value less than 0. 05 was considered as significant. Results: At the end of experiments the number of lactobacillus acidophilus and bifidobacteria were 7. 42± 0. 04 and 6. 90 ± 0. 06 log cfu/gr in MY1821 and 6. 45 ± 0. 11 and 6. 16 in ABY3 and the number of lactobacillis casei was 7. 55± 0. 04 log cfu/gr in MY 1821. population of lactobacillus acidophilus and bifidobacteria decreased by 1. 1 and 0. 48 log cfu/gr in MY 1821 And 0. 89 and 1. 38 cfu/gr in ABY3 yoghurts. Viability of L. casei also reduced and by 0. 55 Log cfu/gr in MY 1821 yoghurt. At the end of experiments the mean score for flavour, mouthfeel, appearance and texture were 21. 2± 3. 09, 12. 36 ± 1. 80, 7. 2± 1. 1. 01, 3. 86± 0. 35 in MY 1821 yoghurt and 17. 6± 4. 22, 10. 73± 2. 46, 6. 66± 0. 97 and 3. 33± 0. 49 in ABY3 yoghurt respectively. Conclusion: The number of probiotic bacteria at the end of storage were above the criteria determined by Iran national standard. The result of sensory evaluation showed that the prepared yoghurt had good to excellent acceptance. Thus using these starter cultures by diary industry is recommended. Because of helth benefits of probiotics, consumption of these products for their high population of probiotic bacteria can improve the public health.