Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Year

Volume(Issue)

Issues

Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Title: 
Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (پی آیند 47)
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1367
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1367

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Title: 
Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (پی آیند 47)
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1387
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1387

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Title: 
Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (پی آیند 47)
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    765
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 765

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Title: 
Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (پی آیند 47)
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1355
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1355

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 1
Title: 
Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (پی آیند 47)
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    929
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 929

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Title: 
Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (پی آیند 47)
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1271
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1271

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Title: 
Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (پی آیند 47)
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1167
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1167

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1379
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (پی آیند 47)
  • Pages: 

    116-119
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    619
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

آزمایشی با جوجه خروسهای گوشتی جهت بررسی پاسخ به رقت انرژی و پروتئین جیره انجام گرفت. این آزمایش به صورت طرح کاملا تصادفی در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل با دو مرحله اعمال جیره های رقیق شده، چهار سطح جیره (صفر، 20، 30، 40 درصد جیره) و در سه تکرار انجام پذیرفت. هر تکرار به عنوان یک واحد آزمایشی حاوی 25 قطعه جوجه خروس بود. در مرحله 1 جوجه ها از 7 تا 14 روزگی با جیره های آغازین رقیق شده (2480، 2170 و 1860 کیلوکالری انرژی قابل متابولیسم در کیلوگرم، به ترتیب با 17.8، 15.6 و 13.4 درصد پروتئین خام) یا در مرحله 2 از 35 تا 42 روزه گی با جیره های رشدی رقیق شده (2480، 2370 و 1860 کیلوکالری انرژی قابل متابولیسم در کیلوگرم، به ترتیب با 15.5، 13.6 و 11.6 درصد پروتئین خام) تغذیه شدند. جوجه خروسها در سایر روزهای پرورش با جیره های آغازین، رشدی و پایانی مرسوم تغذیه گردیدند. مرحله 1؛ در دوره بازپروری جوجه هایی که جیره های رقیق شده مصرف کردند درصد افزایش وزن بالاتری نسبت به گروه شاهد داشتند. به جز جوجه هایی که جیره های 40% رقت را مصرف کردند بقیه جوجه ها توانستند در سن 56 روزگی به وزن گروه شاهد برسند. با رقیق کردن جیره درصد سینه، لاشه و ران تغییری نکرد، همچنین کاهش معنی داری در درصد چربی حفره بطنی جوجه هایی که جیره های با 30 تا 40% رقت را مصرف کردند ملاحظه گردید. در مرحله دوم؛ با افزایش رقت جیره کاهش معنی داری (P<0.05) در وزن 56 روزگی جوجه خروسها ملاحظه گردید. همچنین درصد چربی حفره بطنی جوجه هایی که جیره های 20 تا 30% رقیق شده را مصرف کردند، کاهش معنی داری (P<0.05) داشت. به طور کلی با اعمال جیره های رقیق شده در سن 56 روزگی تغییری در کل ضریب تبدیل خوراک تصحیح شده و درصد ران ایجاد نشد، ولی درصد لاشه و سینه جزئی کاهش یافت.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 619

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1379
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (پی آیند 47)
  • Pages: 

    140-140
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    406
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

آیا شما در کودکی به سرخک مبتلا شده اید؟ همانگونه که تاکنون زنده مانده اید دیگر از ابتلای به آن ترسی ندارید، اگر چه ممکن است مبتلا به آبله مرغان بشوید. محافظت حاصل از سیستم ایمنی برای آن دسته از پادگنهای خطرناکی که شما قبلا تجربه نموده و زنده مانده اید اختصاصی می باشد. در این بحث شما با لمفوسیتها و جایگاههای آن آشنا می شوید که دارای اثر کنش و واکنشی نه در مقابل پادگنهای خطرناکی مانند ویروسها و باکتریها، بلکه بر روی پادگنهای تصنعی که دارای ماهیت مشخص و معینی هستند، می باشند. خوشبختانه لنفوسیتها با پادگنهای مصنوعی به همان سهولت پادگنهای طبیعی واکنش نشان می دهند. لنفوسیتها از سلولهای پیش سازی (مشتق از کیسه زرده، کبد جنینی و مغز استخوان، در مراحل مختلف تکامل) تمایز یافته یا به وجود می آیند که به اعضای لنفاوی مرکزی از قبیل تیموس و بورس فابرسیوس (در پرندگان) یا معادل آن مغز استخوان در پستانداران مهاجرت می نمایند. هنگامی که تمایز یافتن آنها کامل شود، لنفوسیتها به اعضای لنفاوی محیطی، یعنی خون، طحال، عقده های لنفاوی، پلاکهای پایر، آپاندیس و غیره مهاجرت نموده و در آنها ساکن می شوند. در این مرحله حیوان معمولا از نظر ایمونولوژیک بالغ بوده و به هنگام رویارویی با پادگن قادر به پاسخگویی می باشد.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 406

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1379
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (پی آیند 47)
  • Pages: 

    140-140
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    458
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

به منظور تکمیل اطلاعات و تجزیه و تحلیل دانش و آگاهی موجود در رابطه با استفاده از منابع پروتئینی و تغذیه پروتئین در گاوهای شیری، در این مقاله نتایج حاصل از 108 مطالعه منتشر شده در سراسر دنیا و به ویژه آن دسته از مطالعاتی که در طول سالهای 1985 تا 1997 نتایج آنها در J. dairy sci منتشر شده بود گردآوری شده است.در 29 مورد مقایسه انجام شده حاصل از 15 آزمایش متابولیسمی که کنجاله سویا با مقادیر زیادی به عنوان منبع پروتئینی دارای RUP بالا استفاده شده بود، اثرات ثابت و یکسانی در جریان اسید آمینه های ضروری چه لیزین و چه متیونین به روده کوچک مشاهده نشد.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 458

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1379
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (پی آیند 47)
  • Pages: 

    140-141
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1888
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

جهت تامین غذای کنونی کشور نیاز به واردات حجم عظیمی از مواد غذایی می باشد. بخش مهمی از این واردات را فرآوردهای دامی تشکیل می دهد. سازمان خواربار جهانی (FAO) به طور متوسط 30-25 گرم پروتئین حیوانی برای هر نفر در روز توصیه می کند و نظر به اینکه تولیدات داخلی کافی نیست لذا جهت تامین کمبود پروتئین حیوانی در داخل کشور افزایش تولید گوشت به خصوص گوشت طیور ضروری است.در حدود 70% از هزینه های پرورش دام را خوراک آن تشکیل می دهد. برای تهیه خوراک دام، مخصوصا طیور از مواد غذایی مختلف استفاده می شود که بیشترین آن ذرت است در حال حاضر قسمت عمده دان کشور از خارج وارد می شود که ذرت بیشترین رقم واردات را تشکیل می دهد. ذرت از نظر قابلیت هضم و انرژی در بین غلات در درجه اول اهمیت قرار دارد. در حال حاضر ذرت بزرگترین محصول تولید شده در دنیاست. به طور متوسط ذرت دارای 9.5 درصد پروتئین است. حدود 15% از کل پروتئین تولیدی در هر سال توسط محصول زراعی یکساله، متعلق به ذرت است.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1888

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    4-19
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    14
  • Views: 

    2131
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Acommented list of the plants of wildlife refuge and eastern part of Touran protected area is presented. Touran Biosphere Reserve covers an area of 1.8 million hectares situated in the northern part of the Dasht-e-Kavir. The reserved area presents a variety of habitats, including three extensive plains at different altitudes, three mountain systems, about 200.000 hectares of sand dunes, a vast expense of barren playa, and a saline river system. 604 plant species are reported from the area. They are including1 alga, 1 fern, 2 gymnosperms and 600 angiosperms. Altogether, 55 families and 296 genera are known from the area. 432 species (71.6%) are endemics of Irano-Turanian region. Of these, 46 species are endemics of Iran. Two species, Astragalus kavirensis and A. touranicus are endemics for the Touran Biosphere Reserve. Therophytes with 268 species (44.4%) and hemicryptophytes with 153 species (25.3%) are the most important life forms of the reserve.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 2131

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    20-25
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1044
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In this research geological and geostructural features of mass movements in central Alborz (South Abe - Ask, Haraz road) have been investigated.Landslide distribution and geostructural features indicate direct relation between landslide development and geo - structural elements in the area.In both cases, structural elements (joints, fault planes, ...) played significant role in creation and development of mass movements, and the other landslide controlling factors were affected by structural elements.The research indicates the necessity of considering structural factors in investigation of mass movement in active geodynamic area.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1044

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    26-31
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    935
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In order to evaluate the different stages of forage clipping effects and nitrogen fertilizer in double purposes barely (Nomar cultivar) one experiment design was conducted at Sistan region in 1375 (1997).The experimental design was a split plot in randomized complete block design with four replications. Forage clipping stages was as main factor, with four levels (C, F5, F8, & F10) and N - Fertilizer was sub factor with four levels (0, 60, 120 & 180 kg per hectare). Dry weight of clipped forage, grain yield, yield component and total economic value were measured. There were differences among treatment for all character that was mentioned above. The most grain yield was obtained from control treatment and treatment of forage clipping in F5 stage. Delay in forage clipping in F8 and F10 stages caused 51.8 and 62.3 percent decreasing in grain yield in comparison with control respectively. The most grain yield was obtained when the 120 kg of n-fertilizer was used per hectare. The most economic value was for using 120 N-Fertilizer per hectare and forage clipping in F5 stage; because in this stage the plant produced both forage and grain yield in optimum level. This study showed that the best time for forage clipping is F5 stage and the best amount of N-fertilizer is 120 kg per hectare in Sistan region.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 935

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    32-35
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    921
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The objective of this study was to find out the changes between the weight of .one thousand seeds, germination power and the effect of planting time on the beginning of germination and the period germination in seed-bed. Experimental design was conducted by randomized complete block designs with six replicates and six treatments in four years. The difference between the weight of one thousand seeds and their germination power in different years was significant. The most weight and power was found in 1994 and the least was in 1996. Planting time, year and interaction between them had a significant effect on the beginning of germination. Years had not a significant effect on the period of germination. Planting time and interaction between planting time and year had a significant effect on the period of germination. Comparison between the averages of period germination showed planting times from 5 MAR to 4 APR had not a significant effect on the period germination.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 921

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    36-39
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    728
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Karyology and C-banding patterns is described for Fritillaria persica L., unique member of Fritillaria subgenus Theresia. The karyotype of this species is bimodal, consisting of large, symmetric (metacentric), and smaller asymmetric (telocentric and subtelocentric) chromosome airs. In this species, the basic chromosome number is 2n=24 and the karyotype formula is 2n=2x=24= 4m+8t+12 st. The most characteristic feature of C-banding in the karyotype of F. persica is presence of a band at the secondary constriction in pair no.10 and lack of bands in both pairs of metacentric chromosomes in all short arms of the karyotype.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

NIKDEL M.

Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    40-43
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1278
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Oak trees are one of the dominant species in different areas of Arasbaran forests which attacked by some defoliator and gallinaceous pests. One of the most important pests of oaks in Arasbaran is Euproctis chrysorrhoea (L.) It makes serious injury to host trees in some years. Furtunately population of the pest is controlled by many natural enemies.This survey indicated that two species of braconids as larval parasitoid havethe most distribution in living areas of the pest and achalcidid species, Brachymeria intermedia Nees as pupal parasitoid, has a little population and limit distribution. Braconid species that identified by Dr. Capek (in Czech Republic) and Or. Erich Oilier (in Zoological museum of Munchen, Germany) are named Meteorus obsoletus (Wesmael) and M. versicolor (Wesmael). The first species is new record from E. Azarbaidjan and on E. chrysorrhoea (L.). Two last mentioned species are reported for the first time in Iran.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    44-46
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1195
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Pistacia atlantica subsp, Mutica (Baneh) is a dominant native pistacia species throughout the Iran plateau. About two million hectars of Iran, mostly on west and northwest are suitable for ban eh cultivation and rehabitation. For our research analysis, fruit sampling were collected in every two weeks for three times at fruit growth to maturity. The essential oils obtained from fresh fruits were water distilled for 4h.They yielded a relatively high percentage of oil (sample-1, 0.30%, sample-2, 0.35% and sample-3, 0.58%, v/w,) calculated on the fresh weight. The essential oils were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. The gall volatiles contained 14 components of which 90.69% were found to be monoterpenes. The major constituents were a-pinene (73.60%), b-pinene (5.30%), myrcene (3.26%) and limonene (2.52%). a-pinene as a fragrance substance, it is used to improve the od or of industrial products.However, it is far more important as a starting material in industrial synthesis.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    47-51
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    3
  • Views: 

    1496
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

This experiment was conducted on 1998 in research farm of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran in order to study the effect of intercropping maize (Zea mays L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) on controlling weeds. The experimental design was randomized complete block with 4 replications with 9 treatments including: unwedded sole crop of maize (MC), sole crop of maize with one time weeding (MW1), sole crop of maize with two times weeding (MW2), intercropping of, 100% maize + 50 %bean (MB50). 100% maize + 30% bean (MB30), 100% maize + 10% bean (MB10), 75% maize + 25% bean (M75B25), 50%, maize + 50% bean (M50B50) and sole crop of bean (B). Total dry matter of each species and weeds was measured and land equivalent ration (LER) was calculated. The results showed that weeding increased the biological and grain yield of maize (a=0.01). The intercropping did not have significant effect on above characteristics.However, the intercropping has significant effect on biological and grain yield of bean. LER for MB50 and MB30 was 1.41 and 1.16 respectively.It was observed that intercropping of 100%maize + 50% bean (MB50) reduced dry weight of amaranthus sp. and Solanum nigrum and also had maximum effect on dry matter of weeds.

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Author(s): 

TELVARI A.A.R.

Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    52-57
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1325
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Some characteristic of bed material in banks of Karun River carried out between two hydrometric gauges. Plastisity index, percentage of saturated soil moisture, effective diameter of particles, homogeneity and non homogeneity of particles distribution and soil salinity were analysed for erodible and relatively non-erodible river banks. These analysis have been done for different river morphology. That means in the meander and straight alignment of river. The results show that the weaknees of shear strength for non choesive particles in lower layer as weel as salinity for chohesive particles are the main factors in fine alluvial bed material which are affected by flow. These causes bank erosion and developed meandering morphology.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    58-63
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    6
  • Views: 

    916
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Phenological stages of Astragalus cyclophyllon, Bromus tomentellus, Ferula haussknechtii, Festucaovina, Gundelia tournefortii, Prangos ferulacea, Sanguisorbaminor, Thymusfallax were chosen. The phenological stages was assessed fr9m 1993to 1997. The study was conducted in Kharkeh research station of Kurdestan province of Iran. The main object of this study was to determine the starting and duration of the grazing period. In this study, 8 dominant species of rangeland plants were selected 10 plants from each species marked and the stages of vegetation phase noted at 10 days period, while for reproductive phase, each 30 days. The results indicate that physiological and morphological behavior of the species in synchronized with climatic data. Also the phonological tape that show the start and end of each phenological stage and it's correlation with climatic factors were draw on amberothermque curve of station. This study showed that for improving rangelands, the plants should be grazed before flowering. Grazing period would be programmed for 3 months and begin from Late June until early September.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    64-68
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1381
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The aim of the study in the Loveh forest was to compare two cases of sampling with the sample plots of constant area (lO-are) and the sample plots of the variable area (Relascope) considering the parameters of statistical precision and the measuring required time. The quantities for the parameters such as measuring time, number in hectare and basal area in hectare have been compared with the quantities measured by the complete enemuration. The following results rave been obtained: The required time for the complete enemuration in the measured area (116 hectares) has been equal to 17842 minutes, in the case of sampling with the 10-are sample plots to 2879. 30 minutes, and in the case of sampling with the variable sample plots to 2433.9 minutes. The actual mean of the number in hectare (measured by complete enemuration) equals 323.8 and in two eases of sampling with sample plots of constant area and the sample plots of variable area is equal to 321.8 and 292.9 respectively which - in both cases - the confidence limit calculated for the parameters of the number in hectare involve the actual mean of the number in hectare. The actual mean of basal area in hectare is equal to 28.08 square meters and in the two cases of sampling is equal to 28.61 and 21.82 square meters respectively. In the case of sampling with the 10- are sample plots, the calculate confidence limit for the parameter of basal area in hectare involves the actual mean. However, in the case of sampling with the sample plots of the variable area, the above confidence limit doesn't involve the actual mean. Lack of precision measuring with the relascope in the Loveh forest can be seen in the intense understory of these forests by the bush and shrub species which prevent us from seeing to the diameter of the breast height. In addition, the topographical position of the area in some parts has prevented precise measuring by the relascope. Generally, the sampling with the sample plots of the constant area, compared with the two cases above mentioned sampling, has been closer to the reality and more suitable for the measuring of the forest.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    69-75
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1507
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The investigation has been carried out at four stages: 1- information and background collection, 2- field sampling, 3- soil and leaf tests, 4- statistics analysis. At first stage, data and information related to climatology, geology, pedology, topography and silviculture were collected. At second stage, four series of Waz research forest which warelocated within Noor city of Mazandaran province and contain pure and mixed stands of Yew tree, were selected. At each series, a five hectar sampling plot was allocated then a 1.5 m. height soil profile was dug at its centre for soil sampling and profile study. Moreover, 10 dominant trees of Yew were chosen for diameter and height measurement and leaf sampling then the accompanied plants were identified and sampled. At the third stage, the soil and leaf samples were tested and analysed at laboratory. The soil parameters were: EC, pH, particle size density, N, P, K, Mg and Ca.The leaf parameters were: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn and Fe. The results showed that Yew trees grow on four different soil types: Typic Haploxerolls, Lithic Rendolls ,Typic Eutrochrepts and Typic Xerorthents. The average diameter (B.H.D.) and height of Yew trees on Typic Eutrochrepts, Uthic Rendolls and Typic Haploxerols soil types were 54.9 cm - 19.9 m., 73 cm - 23.3 m. and 94.9 cm- 23.9 m., respectively. But on Typic Xerorthents soil type the measurement was not applicable because the high quality trees were cut down illegaly. Most of the soil types had low acidic or alkaline reaction, well drainage and high organic matter. The Yew stands where were mixed with broad leaved trees, usually had less than %50 slope gradient, moderate soil depth and high organic matter. These stands were more productive than the other stands. There was a perfect relationship between soil nutrient elements and Yew tree nutrition and sometimes the nutrient elements in the leaves were greater than the soil.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    76-81
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1548
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Different samples similar to common sausage formulation available in Iranian market were prepared in laboratory in order to detect unpermitted tissues in heated meat products.Unpermitted tissues such as mammary glands, Lungs, head soft tissues, and visceral organs (e.g. rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum) with known amounts (10% of whole sample of 20% or whole lean meat) alone or as mixedtissues were added to these products. Various histological sections have been prepared and stained using haematoxyline & eosin method. In spite of mincing and heat processing of tissues, their photomicrographs studies showed that microscopic structure of unpermitted tissues were detectable and their colors were not changed. It was concluded that haematoxyline & eosin stain used in this study, is recommendable and suitable for detection of unpermitted tissues in samples of heated meat products which adulteration is possible.

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Author(s): 

JAVAHERI S.D. | MIRHADI S.A.

Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    82-86
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1316
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In this experiment twenty strong honey bee colonies selected and were divided into two groups. Ten colonies were alloted as donator of one day old larvae for graft and the sealed larvae for increasing the population of queen rearing colonies. The laters were randomly divided into groups of five colonies each in order to compare two different treatments. The five hives considered for artificial queen cells made of beeswax and the other five as natural cells. The amount of royal jelly obtained from these two different cells had been considered as an index for comparison of the two experimental groups.This experiment was conducted in six steps from 5th may 1991 till the end of summer for a total period of four month. At the end of each step the royal jelly yield was recorded, the datas obtained was statistically analysed, the results indicated that there was a significant differences between the various treatments in all the steps during experimental periods, especially the artificial queen cells made of beeswax have had better performance than the natural cells. On considering the results of different steps, it have been observed that the first treatment that is the artificial queen cells made of beeswax of second step had better performance when compared with the other steps.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    87-89
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1171
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

This research is the study of enrichment methods of palm branches and the its use in fattening kids feeding. For this, about 9 tons of palm branches were grinded to 4 - 6 cm pieces and enriched at four followingmethods.1- 3% Urea + palm branches2- 3% Urea + 2% NaOH + palm branches3- 3% Urea + 2% CaCO3 + palm branches4- 3% Urea + 2% NaOH + 2% CaCo3 + palm branchesDuring processing, 2% molasses were added to all silages. This experiment carried out in completely randomized design includes 5 treatments and 3 repeat and each repeat 3 experimental units on 75 heads of fattening kids, and at fifth treatment (control) palm branch replaced by straw. Results showed that enrichment of palm branches increased the concentration of crude protein (CP) to double.There was no statistically significant difference of daily gain among the treatments (P>0.05), but the comparison of daily weight gain of treatments by Duncan's new multiple range test (DMRT)shows that there is significant (P<0.05) difference only between weight gain of third treatment and the control. Thus enriched palm branches can be used as roughage in fattening kids rations.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    90-95
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    4
  • Views: 

    817
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The objective of this study was to comparative fibre characteristics of Raeini Cashmere goat at Baft station (BS) with those raised in nomadic condition (NC). Cashmere fibres were sampled from 150 and 120 goats (aged 1-8 years old) from SS and NC respectively.The staple length (SL), cashmere (CH). hair (H) percentage, cashmere diameter (CD) and coefficient of variation of CD (CVCD) for all samples were measured. Data obtained were analysed of by General linear model (GLM) and using SPSS and SAS software. Mean SL, CH, H, CD and CVCD in SS and NC were (6.±0.1, 5.62±0.1 CM), (66.51±0.72, 69.06±0.74%), (33.5±0.72, 30.94±0.74%), (20.19±0.11, 19.53±0.15 micron) and (19.57±0.21, 17.88±0.19%) respectively. There were significant differences (P<0.05) between the two groups in the all measurements made. Also, there were significant differenced (P<0.05) between female and male in CH% and CD. The most and finner cashmere fibres belongs to nomadic goats. The younger goats had shorter SL, finner cashmere and more cashmere than the others. Thus the longer SL was in 8 years old (6.54±0.51) and finner cashmere in yearling goats (19.3±0.5). More cashmere was found in two years old (69.33±0.72). The phenotypic correlation between SL with CD (r=0.16) and CVCD (r=0.13) were significant (P<0.05).

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    96-102
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1357
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Fresh water cultured fish production by pen culture system in stalled in Anzali lagoon has been successfully carried out experimentally during 92-93.The growth rate in this system was as much as the usual ponds but with much lower expenses. There for new cage system is now under constraction and based on intensive technology, the rapid growth of pen culture is anticipated. However, it seems that parallel with intensive fish culture in pen, various diseases among which parasitoses apperar and threat the success of production. My study was carried out during 92-3 on the identification, epidemiology, pathology and preventive measures of economically important parasitic diseases of pen cultured fish operated in Anzali Lagoon.The aim of present study is as follow: 1- Tosummerize the parasite tauna of pen cultured fish with special reference to those paraaites which are transmitted to cultured fish by wild fish. 2- To identity the economically important parasites capable of imposing losses among cultured fish. 3- To give preventive procedures for the decreaing of economical injuries and mortality among the cultured fish. As a result of the present research, I have collected and identified to the genus level two external protozoa (Chilodonella sp., Trichodina sp.), 11 species of monogenea were identified from the gill and the skin. One digenetic trematod from lenses of fishes.On leech which was identificated to the genus level (Piscicola sp.) and also 2 crustacean parasites from skin of intected. (Argulus sp. & lernaea sp.).Finally, fish health management in pen culture system is discussed.

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    103-107
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1723
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In Iran daily remainly remarkable amount whey are produced by cheese factories where can be utilized by more than hundred semi - industrial dairy plants which are capable of recovering most of the nutritional components of whey through very less amount by investment. Therefore, the project were designed and conducted on the basis of following objectives including reduction of contaminating effect of whey on ecological environmental, preventing the loss of good source of nutrient, improving economical status of dairy factories and providing good source of raw materials for the other related industries. In this project by using the instruments like a decantor, a batch evaporator and a single dewatering centrifuge, were enabled us to separate and recover 83 percent or proteins in first step and 85 percent of lactose in second step of experiment. The volume of remaining liquor is about 5 percent of the initial volume which can be utilized for animal feeding.

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Author(s): 

AKHLAGHI MOSTAFA

Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    108-110
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    685
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In the present study, changes in serum lysozyme, serum total protein and haematocrit values were investigated in common carp infected with Aeromonas hydrophila, and also role of the quil-A (as an immunostimulant) on some' blood parameters. One hundred fish divided in four groups: 1- non - infected control fish 2- fish that received quil - A 3- fish with experimental infection 4- fish that after receiving quil - A infected experimentally.The present investigation demonstrated that infected fish had lysozyme levels significantly higher (P<0.05) than non - infected control fish. Similarly the group that received quil -A and then infection had lysozyme levels significantly higher (P<0.05) than non - infected control fish conversely in infected fish, the levels of total serum protein were significantly lower (P<0.05) than non - infected control fish.The haematocrit values in blood samples from infected fish were significantly lower (P<0.05) compared to the values in non - infected control fish. Conversely in group that received quil - A and then infection, haematocrit values were significantly higher (P<0.001) than infected fish. The present results demonstrated that some non - specific immune factors during the infection change which might helps the process of the diseases. Quil - A as an immunostimulant elevates the non - specific defence mechanisms and other immunostimulant as such may be used as prevention.

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    111-113
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1466
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) a fatal disease of calf and buffaloes is caused by certain serotypes of Pasteurella multocida. The significant syndrome is a phase of respiratory involvement and a terminal phase of septicaemia leading to death. At post mortem examination, obvious lesion of subcutaneous oedema is seen in the submandibular, and brisket region. In all countries where HS occurs vaccination with local strains is adopted as a method of control. Alum precipitated and aluminum hydroxide gel vaccines are presently the most widely used vaccines in Asia. The oil adjuvant vaccine is also used annually as a prophilactic agent in some other countries. Serotyping results of Pasteurella multocida the causative agent of HS in Iran was identified as 6:B. A whole cell killed vaccine was prepared with this strain by fermenter in razi institute using aluminum hydroxide gel as adjuvant. In this study, population curve of pasteurella and the course of the culture in fermenter as well as bacterial dry weight were determind. Control tests based on O.I.E standards were carried out and immunized mice were adequately protected against challenge dose.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    114-115
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    671
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

During a study on worm infestation of Nemachilus melapterus in Shirud river of Mazandaran province, a species of Diplostomum was isolated and identified in the muscles. The highest rate of infestation belonged to caudal stem and the highest amount of parasite was 3 parasites in one fish.The parasite found in the muscles of this species is reported for the first time.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    120-123
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    722
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Artemia nauplii are extensively used as starter feed in sturgeons. The food value and conversion rate of Artemia nauplii were evaluated. This study was conducted, using container of 0.1 m2 area and 20 L volume. Hatchlings of sturgeon, Acipenser stellatus, with an average weight of 50 mg, three densities of 200, 300 and 400 individuals for container under daily feeding rates of 40, 50 and 60% of fish biomass were cultured until the final weight of 100 mg. The experiment was conducted in 9 treatments and 3 replications. Fish were fed 6 times daily (at every 4 hours interval) and Growth rate, amount of feed consumed, mortality, and the food conversion rate were calculated daily. Results indicate that with increasing feeding rate and density, the FCR will also change, showing a range of 1.93 to 6.45. This FCR range was also related to fry mortality, whereas the regression relationship of FCR variable and mortality larves are linear and the correlation coefficient is positive equal to 0.67 (P=99%). Chemical analysis of artemia show that moisture, protein, total fat and some fatty acid content were identical in Artemia urmiana. Mean weight percentage of oleic acid were about 46.66% and nutritive compounds as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; (C22: 6 w 3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; (C20: 5 w 3) were collectivity 0.58% in Artemia nauplii. The fatty acid profile of the fish fry before and after feeding indicated some differences in their contents, which could be related to metabolic system conversion of fatty acids and production of intermediate content.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    124-128
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    777
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In this study, the profile amino acids of body composition of Penaeus semisulcatus were primarily determined. Then on that basis, three nearly isocaloric (386.5, 376 & 373.5 Kcal/100gr) diets with dietary protein contents of 40%, 45%, 50% were prepared. Chineh feed (commercial grow-out feed in Iran) was also used as control diet.Each diet was fed in two replicate tanks three times a day. Juvenile shrimps with and average size of 1.9 gr were reared for 60 days, a direct relationship was observed between dietary protein content and growth performances. For P. semisulcatus, diet containing 45% protein had food conversion ratio (FCR), profit and protein deposition higher than others. Diet containing 50% protein had specific growth rate (SGR), yield, weight gain per day, final mean length &weight higher than others. As the blank diet had been made for P. indicus, it was not practically suitable for this shrimp. Optimal diet protein for this species was diet with 45% protein.Applying the Broken Line response method with SGR data was established the same 45% protein.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

AHADI M.T.

Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    129-131
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    3
  • Views: 

    1008
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The present research has been conducted in order to determine the condition of prevalence of hydatic cyst in ruminants in Ardebil (1996-1998).For this purpose, carcasses of 19950 ruminants (12976 sheep, 4088 goats, 2149 cows and 734 buffalos) were inspected in Ardebil slaughter - house (after slaughtering). The percent of contamination was determined 7. 63% in cow, 12.51% in sheep, 0.44% in goat and 1.50% in buffalo. In addition to their, 76539 item of files available in surgical departments of Arta and Fatemi hospitals in Ardebil, were studied. The relation of hydatic cysts in comparative to total operations was 0.003 (3 in thousand) in Fatemi hospital and 0.0025 (2.5 in thousand) in Arta hospital. 70 percent of cases of hydatic cyst belonged to women and 30 percent to men. 83 percent of hydatic cyst was placed in liver and about 10 percent in lungs.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    132-135
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1708
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In order to compare effects of vacuum and simple packaging on chemical and microbial parameters related to shelf life of chilled beef in this study, 35 Kgs de boned beef (shoulder) were randomly divided into 35 vacuum packs and 35 simple packs (without vacuum) so that the weight of each pack was 0.5 kg. In five replications and in each of them, every simple pack was examined by chemical (pH, peroxide value, TVN) and microbial tests (total count, coliform and psychrotrophe counts) after first day and first, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th weeks of keeping at 2-46.The results were as follow from 4th to 6th week, pH of meat in vacuum pack was lower than it in simple pack (P<0.05) from 2nd to 6th week, peroxide value and TVN of meat in vacuum pack were lower than those in simple pack (P<0.05).At 2nd and 3rd weeks, total count in vacuum pack was lower than it in simple pack (P<0.05). At 3rd and 4th week, coliform count in vacuum pack was lower than it in simple pack (P<0.05). At first, 2nd, 5th and 6th weeks, psychrotrophe count in vacuum packs was lower than it in simple pack (P<0.05).Overall, it was concluded that decrease in amounts of assessed parameters in vacuum packs in relation to simple packs during keeping of beef at 2-46 for 6 weeks, has resulted in increasing the shelf life of vacuum packed beef to 2-4 weeks more than it in simple packed beef.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2000
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    2 (47)
  • Pages: 

    136-138
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    999
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The objective of this project was measurement of heavy metal (Zn, Cr, Cd and Cu) in leaves of three species of aquetic macrophytes (Hydrocotyle sp., Trapa sp. and Typha sp.) from Anzali Wetland. Moreover effects of selected metals on Chlorophll a concentration in the leaves were assessed. After selection of sampling sites in Siah-Keshim and Pirbazar region, samples were digested (wet digestion) using mixture of nitric and perchloric acid Concentration of Chlorophyll a and heavy metals were determined using spectrophotometer and FAAS, respectively. In order to interpretation of data, different statistical methods were used.

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